EVOLUTION OF FOREIGN TRADE OF CHINA AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE WORLD TRADE BEFORE AND AFTER CHINA’S MEMBERSHIP TO WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION

Year 2012, , 45 - 61, 01.01.2012

Hamza Çeştepe

https://doi.org/10.11122/ijmeb.2012.8.17.340

Abstract

The current export performance and successful trade policies of China, which is one of the top three countries with highest trade capacity in the world, have been attracting the attention of the world. Many factors, from general economic policies to exchange rate policies and foreign trade reforms to export promoting system, were effective in this performance. On the other hand, the domination of China to the world markets has recently created a risky environment for many other countries. However, countries have gradually noticed that those risks bring about some opportunities also. Being transformed into a pioneer importer after its membership to World Trade Organization and abolishing its trade barriers, China provided significant trade revenues for exporting countries, and formed an important step in the globalization of the world trade

Keywords

China, Foreign Trade, World Trade, World Trade Organization

ÇİN’İN DIŞ TİCARETİNİN GELİŞİMİ, DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ’NE ÜYELİK ÖNCESİ VE SONRASINDA DÜNYA TİCARETİNE ETKİLERİ

Abstract

Günümüzde dünyanın en fazla ticaret hacmine sahip ilk üç ülkesi arasında yer alan Çin’in bu başarısı ve uyguladığı politikalar bütün dünyanın ilgisini çekmektedir. Bu başarıda genel ekonomi politikalarından kur politikalarına, özel ekonomik bölgelerden ihracatı teşvik sistemine kadar birçok faktörün etkisi olmuştur. Diğer taraftan Çin’in sahip olduğu bazı rekabetçi avantajlarla çeşitli dünya mal pazarlarına hakim olmaya başlaması, son dönemlerde bazı çevrelerde tedirginlik de yaratmıştır. Ancak, bu risklerin aynı zamanda bir takım fırsatları da beraberinde getirdiği, ülkeler tarafından yavaş yavaş anlaşılmaya başlanmıştır. Dünya Ticaret Örgütü’ne üyelikle dış ticaret engellerini daha etkin şekilde kaldıran Çin’in öncü bir ithalatçı haline gelişi, birçok ülkeye önemli ticari kazanımlar sağlamakta ve dünya ticaretinin küreselleşmesi sürecinin de önemli aşamalarından birini oluşturmaktadır.

Keywords

Çin, Dış Ticaret, Dünya Ticareti, Dünya Ticaret Örgütü

References

• Adams, F. G., Gangnes, B., & Shachmurove, Y. (2006). Why is China so competitive? measuring and explaining China's competitiveness. The World Economy, 29, 2, 95-121.
• Adhikari, R., & Yang, Y. (2002). What will WTO membership mean for China and its trading partners?. Finance and Development, 39, 3, Erişim Tarihi: 20.09.2009, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2002/09/adhikari.htm.
• BP (British Petroleum), (2009). BP statistical review of world energy, Erişim Tarihi: 08.09.2011, http://www.bp.com/assets/bp_internet/globalbp/globalbp_uk_english/reports_and _publications/statistical_energy_review_2011/STAGING/local_assets/pdf/statisti cal_review_of_world_energy_full_report_2011.pdf.
• Eşiyok, A. B. (2012), Türkiye ve seçilmiş ülkelerin sanayileşme performansı, Dünya Gazetesi, http://www.dunya.com/mobi/news_detail.php?id=168776. ErişimTarihi: 23.10.2012
• European Commission, (2011). China trade statistics, Erişim Tarihi: 05.09.2011, http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2006/september/tradoc_113366.pdf.
• Hale, D., & Hale, L. H. (2003). China takes off. Foreign Affairs, 82, 6, 36-53.
• Huang, H., & Wang, S. (2004). Exchange rate regimes: China’s experience and choices. China Economic Review, 15, 336-342.
• Ianchovichina E., & Martin, W. (2003). Economic impacts of China’s accession to the World Trade Organization. Policy Research Working Paper, 3053, World Bank.
• IMF, International financial statistics. Çeşitli Yıllar.
• İTKİB (İstanbul Tekstil Konfeksiyon İhracatçı Birlikleri). Tekstil ve konfeksiyon pazarı olarak Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti. İstanbul.
• Lardy, N. (2003). Trade liberalization and its role in Chinese economic growth, prepared for an International Monatery Fund and National Council of Applied Economic Research Conference a tale of two giants: India's and China's Experience with Reform and Growth, New Delhi, November 14-16.
• Li, Y. (2002). China’s accession to WTO: Exaggerated fears?. UNCTAD Discussion Papers, No.165.
• Lim, R. (2006). Point of view: Creating a globally connected Asian community, Finance http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2006/06/lim.htm. 43, 2, Erişim Tarihi: 15.06.2010
• NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China), (2011). Statistical data. Erişim Tarihi: 10.09.2011, http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2010/indexeh.htm.
• Porath, L.C. (2004). Impacts of China’s WTO accession. Universite Laval Institut Québécois Des Hautes Études Internationales, Quebec.
• Rodrik, D. (2006). What’s so special about China’s exports?, NBER Working Paper, No. 11947.
• Rumbaugh, T., & Blancher, N. (2004a). International trade and the challanges of WTO accession, China’s growth and integration into the world economy. Ed: Eswar Prasad, IMF Occasional Paper, No.232.
• Rumbaugh, T., & Blancher, N. (2004b). China: International trade and WTO accession. IMF Working Paper, WP/04/36.
• Sachs J. D., & Woo, W. T. (2003). China’s economic growth after WTO membership. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 1, 1, 1-31.
• Saray, M. O., & Gökdemir L. (2007). Çin ekonomisinin büyüme aşamaları. Journal of Yaşar University, 2, 7, 661-686.
• Shafaeddin, S. M. (2004). Is China’s accession to WTO threatening exports of developing countries?. China Economic Review, 15, 109-144.
• Silva-Ruete, J. (2006). The development of China’s export performance. IMF Speeches, Erişim http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2006/030706.htm, Tarihi: 15.08.2009.
• Starmass. (2011). China Total Imports and Exports Information. Erişim Tarihi: 07.09.2011, http://www.starmass.com/china_review/imports_exports/china_top_import_sourc e.htm.
• Türkiye Tekstil Sanayii İşverenleri Sendikası (2004). Tekstilde ortak Çin deklarasyonu. Tekstil İşveren Dergisi, Sayı: 291, Mart 2004, Erişim Tarihi: 13.04.2010 http://www.tekstilisveren.org.tr/dergi/2004/mart/deklarasyon.html.
• TÜSİAD (2011). Çin’de bu ay. Sayı:18, Temmuz.
• UNCTAD (2005). Trade and development report 2005. Geneva.
• UNCTAD (2012). World investment report 2011. Erişim Tarihi: 10.07.2012, http://www.unctad-docs.org/files/UNCTAD-WIR2011-Chapter-I-en.pdf, Geneva.
• United Nations (2011). 2010 International merchandise trade statistics yearbook volume http://comtrade.un.org/pb/CountryPagesNew.aspx?y=2010. country. Erişim Tarihi: 27.08.2011
• USCBC (The US-China Business Council). (2011). US-China trade statistics and China's http://www.uschina.org/statistics/tradetable.html. statistics. Erişim Tarihi: 01.09.2011
• World Bank. (2011). World development indicators. WDI Online, Erişim Tarihi: 07.09.2011, ext.worldbank.org/ext/DDPQQ/report.do?method=showReport, WTO. (2011a). Trade http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/statis_maps_e.htm. http://ddp- and Tariff Indicators. Erişim Tarihi: 02.09.2011
• WTO. (2011b). Statistics database tariff profiles. Erişim Tarihi: 02.09.2011, http://stat.wto.org/TariffProfile/WSDBTariffPFView.aspx?Language=E&Countr y=CN.
• WTO. International trade statistics. Çeşitli Yıllar.
• Yang, Y. (2006). China’s integration into the world economy: Implications for Developing Countries. Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, Volume 20, Issue 1, May, 40-56.
• Yılmaz, R., & Koyuncu, C. (2005). Çin: dragon ekonomisinin önlenemeyen yükselişi. Bursa: Ekin Kitabevi.
• Zhai, F., & Li, S. (2000). The implications of accession to WTO on China’s Economy. Paper Presented at the Third Annual Conference on Global Economic Analysis. Melbourne, Australia, June 27-30.