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YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ: G20 ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ (2000-2016)

Year 2020, , 251 - 266, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.756859

Abstract

İktisadi faaliyetlerin devamı ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma açısından enerji önemli bir üretim
faktörüdür. Sanayileşmenin ve teknolojinin getirdiği yeniliklerle beraber son yüzyılda enerji kullanımının
giderek artması enerji arz güvenliği sorununu beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu bakımdan dünyada
yenilenebilir enerjinin üretimi ve tüketimi son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da 2000-2016
dönemi, G20 üyesi 19 ülke için yenilenebilir enerji üretimi ile ekonomik büyüme arasında ilişkiyi
araştırmaktır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle panel veri setinde yer alan ülkeler için yatay kesit bağımlılığı
ve homojenlik testleri uygulanmıştır. Serilerin durağanlığı ise ADF ve PP Fisher birim kök testleriyle
incelenmiştir. Durağan seriler elde edildikten sonra yenilenebilir enerji üretimi ve ekonomik büyüme
arasındaki ilişki Kao ve Johansen Fisher panel eşbütünleşme testleriyle araştırılmış ve FMOLS ve DOLS
testi sonuçları ile ilişkinin yönü tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen ampirik bulgular yenilebilir enerji üretimi ile
ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir.

References

  • Acaravcı, A., & Erdoğan, S. (2018). Yenilenebilir enerji, çevre ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Seçilmiş ülkeler için ampirik bir analiz. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13 (1), 53-64.
  • Ağaçbiçer, G. (2010). Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının Türkiye ekonomisine katkısı ve yapılan swot analizler (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Çanakkale On sekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Allegret, J. P., Couharde, C., Coulibaly, D., & Mignon, V. (2014). Current accounts and oil price fluctuations in oil-exporting countries: The role of financial development. Journal of International Money and Finance, 47 (C), 185-201.
  • Apergis, N., & Payne, J. E. (2014). The casual dynamics between renewable energy, real gdp, emissions and oil prices: Evidence from OECD countries. Applied Economics, 46 (36), 4519-4525.
  • Bağcı, E. (2019). Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji potansiyeli, üretimi, tüketimi ve cari işlemler dengesi ilişkisi. R&S-Research Studies Anatolia Journal, 2 (4), 101-117.
  • Ben Jebli, M., & Ben Youssef, S. (2015). Output, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and international trade: Evidence from a panel of 69 countries. Renewable Energy, 83 (C), 799-808.
  • Bento, J. P. C., & Moutinho, V. (2016). Co2 emissions, non-renewable and renewable electricity production, economic growth, and international trade in Italy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55 (C), 142-155.
  • Breitung, J. (2000). The local power of some unit root tests for panel data. Humboldt University Berlin Institute of Statistics and Econometrics Spandauer Strasse 1, D-10178 Berlin, Germany, 1-32. Retrieved March 04, 2020, from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1258/ f1b10115655e14a9baf7dd20e4d829f2a7f4.pdf.
  • Breusch, T. S., & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47 (1), 239-253.
  • Choi, I. (2001). Unit root tests for panel data. Journal of International Money and Finance, 20 (2), 249- 272.
  • Çapik, M., Yılmaz, A. O., & Çavuşoğlu, İ. (2012). Present situation and potential role of renewable energy in Turkey. Renewable Energy, 46, 1-13.
  • Çöğürcü, İ., & Çoban, O. (2011). Dış borç ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Türkiye örneği (1980-2009). Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 13 (21), 133- 149.
  • Den Elzen, M., Admiraal, A., Roelfsema, M., Yan Soest, H., Hof, A. F., & Forsell, N. (2016). Contribution of the G20 economies to the global impact of the Paris agreement climate proposals. Climatic Change, 137, 655-665.
  • Dinç, D. T., & Akdoğan, E. C. (2019). Renewable energy production, energy consumption and sustainable economic growth in Turkey: A VECM approach. Sustainability,11 (5),1-14.
  • Edenhofer, O., Knopf, B., Bak, C., & Bhattacharya, A. (2017). Aligning climate policy with finance ministers’ G20 agenda. Nature Climate Change, 7 (7), 463-465.
  • Erdal, L. (2012). Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları ve istihdam yaratma potansiyeli. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 4 (1), 171-181.
  • Gündoğan, H., & Tok, D. (2019). Petrole bağımlı ülkelerde petrol fiyatlarının sanayi üretimine etkisi: Panel nedensellik çalışması. Ege Akademik Bakış, 19 (1), 131-140.
  • Irternational Energy Agency (IEA). (2012). World energy outlook (weo) executive summary 2012. Retrieved February 23, 2020, from http://www.iea.org/Textbase/npsum/weo2012sum.pdf.
  • Im, K. S., Pesaran, M. H., & Shin, Y. (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels. Journal of Econometrics, 115 (1), 53-74.
  • Kao, C. (1999). Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data. Journal of Econometrics, 90 (1), 1-44.
  • Koç, E., & Şenel, M. C. (2013). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de enerji durumu–genel değerlendirme. Mühendis ve Makine, 54 (639), 32-44.
  • Koçak, E., & Şarkgüneşi, A. (2017). The renewable energy and economic growth nexus in Black Sea and Balkan countries. Energy Policy, 100 (C), 51-57.
  • Kutan, A. M., Paramati, S. R., Ummalla, M., & Zakari, A. (2017). Financing renewable energy projects in major emerging market economies: Evidence in the perspective of sustainable economic development. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54 (8),1761-1777.
  • Levin, A., Fu Lin, C., & Shang James Chu, C. S. J. (2002). Unit root tests in panel data: Asymptotic and finite-sample properties. Journal of Econometrics, 108 (1), 1-24.
  • Menegaki, A. N. (2011). Growth and renewable energy in Europe: A random effect model with evidence for neutrality hypothesis. Energy Economics, 33 (2), 257-263.
  • National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (1997). Dollars from sense the economic benefits of renewable energy, national renewable energy labaratory. U.S. Department of Energy, Washington. Retrieved
  • February 26, 2020, from https://www.nrel.gov/docs/legosti/fy97/20505.pdf
  • Özalp, M. (2019). Küresel ölçekte Türkiye’nin enerji arz ve talep güvenliği. Turkish Studies International Academic Journals, 14 (1), 537-552.
  • Özşahin, Ş., Mucuk, M., & Gerçeker, M. (2016). Yenilenebilir enerji ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki: Brics-T ülkeleri üzerine panel ARLD analizi. Siyaset Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4 (4), 111-130.
  • Pao, H. T., & Fu, H. C. (2013). Renewable energy, non-renewable energy and economic growth in Brazil. Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews, 25, 381-392.
  • Pedroni, P. (2000). Fully-modified ols for heterogeneous cointegrated panels. In B. H. Baltagi (Ed.), Advances in econometric volume 15, nonstationary panels, panel cointegration and dynamic panels (pp. 93-130). New-York: Elsevier.
  • Pedroni, P. (2001). Purchasing power parity tests in cointegrated panels. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 83 (4), 727-731.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2004). General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels. University of Cambridge Working Paper, 0435. Retrieved March 05, 2020, from http://ftp.iza.org/dp1240.pdf.
  • Pesaran, H. M., Ullah, A., & Yamagata, T. (2008). A bias-adjusted LM test of error cross-section independence. Econometrics Journal, 1 (1), 105-107.
  • Reboredo, J. (2015). Is there dependence and systemic risk between oil and renewable energy stock prices?. Energy Economics, 48 (2015), 32-45.
  • Sebri, M., & Salha, O. B. (2014). On the causal dynamics between economic growth, renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions and trade openness: Freshevidence from BRICS countries. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 39 (C), 14-23.
  • Singh, N., Nyuur, R., & Richmond, B. (2019). Renewable energy development as a driver of economic growth: Evidence from multivariate panel data analysis. Sustainability, 11(8), 1-18.
  • United Nations. (1996). Human development report. Retrieved February 26, 2020, from http://hdr.undp. org/sites/default/files/reports/257/hdr_1996_en_complete_nostats.pdf
Year 2020, , 251 - 266, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.756859

Abstract

References

  • Acaravcı, A., & Erdoğan, S. (2018). Yenilenebilir enerji, çevre ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Seçilmiş ülkeler için ampirik bir analiz. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13 (1), 53-64.
  • Ağaçbiçer, G. (2010). Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının Türkiye ekonomisine katkısı ve yapılan swot analizler (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Çanakkale On sekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Allegret, J. P., Couharde, C., Coulibaly, D., & Mignon, V. (2014). Current accounts and oil price fluctuations in oil-exporting countries: The role of financial development. Journal of International Money and Finance, 47 (C), 185-201.
  • Apergis, N., & Payne, J. E. (2014). The casual dynamics between renewable energy, real gdp, emissions and oil prices: Evidence from OECD countries. Applied Economics, 46 (36), 4519-4525.
  • Bağcı, E. (2019). Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji potansiyeli, üretimi, tüketimi ve cari işlemler dengesi ilişkisi. R&S-Research Studies Anatolia Journal, 2 (4), 101-117.
  • Ben Jebli, M., & Ben Youssef, S. (2015). Output, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and international trade: Evidence from a panel of 69 countries. Renewable Energy, 83 (C), 799-808.
  • Bento, J. P. C., & Moutinho, V. (2016). Co2 emissions, non-renewable and renewable electricity production, economic growth, and international trade in Italy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55 (C), 142-155.
  • Breitung, J. (2000). The local power of some unit root tests for panel data. Humboldt University Berlin Institute of Statistics and Econometrics Spandauer Strasse 1, D-10178 Berlin, Germany, 1-32. Retrieved March 04, 2020, from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1258/ f1b10115655e14a9baf7dd20e4d829f2a7f4.pdf.
  • Breusch, T. S., & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47 (1), 239-253.
  • Choi, I. (2001). Unit root tests for panel data. Journal of International Money and Finance, 20 (2), 249- 272.
  • Çapik, M., Yılmaz, A. O., & Çavuşoğlu, İ. (2012). Present situation and potential role of renewable energy in Turkey. Renewable Energy, 46, 1-13.
  • Çöğürcü, İ., & Çoban, O. (2011). Dış borç ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Türkiye örneği (1980-2009). Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 13 (21), 133- 149.
  • Den Elzen, M., Admiraal, A., Roelfsema, M., Yan Soest, H., Hof, A. F., & Forsell, N. (2016). Contribution of the G20 economies to the global impact of the Paris agreement climate proposals. Climatic Change, 137, 655-665.
  • Dinç, D. T., & Akdoğan, E. C. (2019). Renewable energy production, energy consumption and sustainable economic growth in Turkey: A VECM approach. Sustainability,11 (5),1-14.
  • Edenhofer, O., Knopf, B., Bak, C., & Bhattacharya, A. (2017). Aligning climate policy with finance ministers’ G20 agenda. Nature Climate Change, 7 (7), 463-465.
  • Erdal, L. (2012). Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları ve istihdam yaratma potansiyeli. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 4 (1), 171-181.
  • Gündoğan, H., & Tok, D. (2019). Petrole bağımlı ülkelerde petrol fiyatlarının sanayi üretimine etkisi: Panel nedensellik çalışması. Ege Akademik Bakış, 19 (1), 131-140.
  • Irternational Energy Agency (IEA). (2012). World energy outlook (weo) executive summary 2012. Retrieved February 23, 2020, from http://www.iea.org/Textbase/npsum/weo2012sum.pdf.
  • Im, K. S., Pesaran, M. H., & Shin, Y. (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels. Journal of Econometrics, 115 (1), 53-74.
  • Kao, C. (1999). Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data. Journal of Econometrics, 90 (1), 1-44.
  • Koç, E., & Şenel, M. C. (2013). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de enerji durumu–genel değerlendirme. Mühendis ve Makine, 54 (639), 32-44.
  • Koçak, E., & Şarkgüneşi, A. (2017). The renewable energy and economic growth nexus in Black Sea and Balkan countries. Energy Policy, 100 (C), 51-57.
  • Kutan, A. M., Paramati, S. R., Ummalla, M., & Zakari, A. (2017). Financing renewable energy projects in major emerging market economies: Evidence in the perspective of sustainable economic development. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54 (8),1761-1777.
  • Levin, A., Fu Lin, C., & Shang James Chu, C. S. J. (2002). Unit root tests in panel data: Asymptotic and finite-sample properties. Journal of Econometrics, 108 (1), 1-24.
  • Menegaki, A. N. (2011). Growth and renewable energy in Europe: A random effect model with evidence for neutrality hypothesis. Energy Economics, 33 (2), 257-263.
  • National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (1997). Dollars from sense the economic benefits of renewable energy, national renewable energy labaratory. U.S. Department of Energy, Washington. Retrieved
  • February 26, 2020, from https://www.nrel.gov/docs/legosti/fy97/20505.pdf
  • Özalp, M. (2019). Küresel ölçekte Türkiye’nin enerji arz ve talep güvenliği. Turkish Studies International Academic Journals, 14 (1), 537-552.
  • Özşahin, Ş., Mucuk, M., & Gerçeker, M. (2016). Yenilenebilir enerji ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki: Brics-T ülkeleri üzerine panel ARLD analizi. Siyaset Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4 (4), 111-130.
  • Pao, H. T., & Fu, H. C. (2013). Renewable energy, non-renewable energy and economic growth in Brazil. Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews, 25, 381-392.
  • Pedroni, P. (2000). Fully-modified ols for heterogeneous cointegrated panels. In B. H. Baltagi (Ed.), Advances in econometric volume 15, nonstationary panels, panel cointegration and dynamic panels (pp. 93-130). New-York: Elsevier.
  • Pedroni, P. (2001). Purchasing power parity tests in cointegrated panels. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 83 (4), 727-731.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2004). General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels. University of Cambridge Working Paper, 0435. Retrieved March 05, 2020, from http://ftp.iza.org/dp1240.pdf.
  • Pesaran, H. M., Ullah, A., & Yamagata, T. (2008). A bias-adjusted LM test of error cross-section independence. Econometrics Journal, 1 (1), 105-107.
  • Reboredo, J. (2015). Is there dependence and systemic risk between oil and renewable energy stock prices?. Energy Economics, 48 (2015), 32-45.
  • Sebri, M., & Salha, O. B. (2014). On the causal dynamics between economic growth, renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions and trade openness: Freshevidence from BRICS countries. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 39 (C), 14-23.
  • Singh, N., Nyuur, R., & Richmond, B. (2019). Renewable energy development as a driver of economic growth: Evidence from multivariate panel data analysis. Sustainability, 11(8), 1-18.
  • United Nations. (1996). Human development report. Retrieved February 26, 2020, from http://hdr.undp. org/sites/default/files/reports/257/hdr_1996_en_complete_nostats.pdf
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İclal Ünüvar This is me 0000-0002-5541-7925

Sibel Keskinkılıç This is me 0000-0002-3797-0903

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Submission Date November 20, 2019
Acceptance Date March 16, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

APA Ünüvar, İ., & Keskinkılıç, S. (2020). YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ: G20 ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ (2000-2016). Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat Ve İşletme Dergisi, 16(2), 251-266. https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.756859