Research Article
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A RESEARCH TO DETERMINE THE IMPACT OF SELF-EFFICACY AND LOCUS OF CONTROL ON INDIVIDUALS’ ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION

Year 2017, ICMEB17 Özel Sayısı, 736 - 747, 01.12.2017

Abstract

The main purpose of the research is to determine the influence of self-efficacy and locos of control on individuals’ entrepreneurial intention. In this direction, it was chosen as a sample students of business management department who are potential entrepreneur candidates should be directed to entrepreneurial activities which have a big pre-requisite for the country's economies.Within the scope of the research, 282 data obtained from the 3rd and 4th class students were analyzed by using the SPPS 18 program. As a result of the research, self-efficacy and internal control focus have positive influence on entrepreneurship intention. When looking at the effect of different demographic variables on entrepreneurial intention, it was concluded that entrepreneurial intention differs in terms of gender

References

  • Abraham, C., & Sheeran, P. (2003). Acting on intantions: The role of anticipated regret, British Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 495–511.
  • Arslan, K. (2002), Üniversiteli gençlerde mesleki tercihler ve girişimcilik eğilimleri. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 6, 1-11.
  • Balaban, Ö., & Özdemir, Y. (2008), Girişimcilik eğitiminin girişimcilik eğilimi üzerindeki etkisi: Sakarya üniversitesi İİBF örneği. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 3(2), 133-147.
  • Bandura, A. (1995). Self-Efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York Freeman.
  • Bandura, A. (2002). Growing primacy of human agency in adaptation and change in the electronic era, European Psychologist, 7 (1), 2-16.
  • Basu, A., & Virick, M. (2008). Assessing Entrepreneurial Intentions Amongst Students: A Comparative Study, Peer Revieved Papers, 79-86.
  • Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relation of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587-598.
  • Bernardi, R. A. (2001). A theoretical model for the relationship among stress, locus of control and longevity. Business Forum, 26, 27-33.
  • Boyd, N.G., & Vozikis, G. S. (1994). The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 63-75.
  • Bozkurt, Ö. (2006). Girişimcilik eğiliminde kişilik özelliklerinin önemi. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 1(2), 93-111.
  • Buergin, A. O. (1998). Differences between Swiss Entrepreneurs and Swiss Managers in Brain Dominance, Achievement Motivation, and Locus of Control. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Walden University. Applied Management and Decision Sciences.
  • Chelariu, C., Brashear, T. G., Osmonbekov, T., & Zait, A. (2008). Entrepreneurial propensity in a transition economy: Exploring micro-level and meso-level cultural antecedents. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 23(6), 405-415.
  • Crant, J. M. (1996). The proactive personality scale as a predictor of entrepreneurship intention. Journal of Small Business Management, 34(3), 42-49.
  • Çarıkçı, İ. H., & Koyuncu, O. (2010) Bireyci-toplumcu kültür ve girişimcilik eğilimi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2(3), 1-18.
  • Çetin, F. (2011). Örgüt içi girişimcilikte öz yeterlilik algısı ve kontrol odağının rolü. Business and Economics Research Journal, 2(3), 69-85.
  • Doğaner, M., & Altunoğlu, A. E. (2010). Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Nazilli İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi İşletme Bölümü öğrencilerinin girişimcilik eğilimi. Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(2), 103- 110.
  • Duygulu, E. (2004). Değerler, algılanan kurumsal görünüm ve girişimcilik yönelimi ilişkisi. 12. Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi, 27–29 Mayıs. İİBF İşletme Bölümü, Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
  • Ede, F.O., Panigrahi, B., & Calcich, S. E. (1998). African American students’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship education. Journal of Education for Business, 73(5), 291-296.
  • Güreşçi, E. (2014), Girişimcilik eğilimi üzerine bir araştırma: İspir Hamza Polat MYO örneği, Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 9(1), 23-38
  • Harris, M. L., & Gibson, S. G. (2008). Examining the entrepreneurial attitudes of US Business Students. Education & Training, 50(7), 568-581.
  • Hisrich, R. D., Peters, M. P., & Shepherd, D. A. (2005). Entrepreneurship International Edition (Sixth Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Hmieleski, K. M., & Corbett, A. C. (2008). The contrasting interaction effects of improvisational behavior with entrepreneurial self-efficacy on new venture performance and entrepreneur work satisfaction. Journal of Business Venturing, 23, 482-496.
  • Jerusalem, M., & Schwarzer, R. (1981). Self-Efficacy as resource theory in stress appraisal process. (Ed.) R. Schwarzer, Self-Efficacy: Thought control of action (s.195-213). Washington DC: Hemisphere.
  • Jung, D. I., Ehrlich, S. B., De Noble, A. F., & Baik, K. B. (2001). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and its relationship to entrepreneurial action: A comparative study between the US and Korea. Management International, 6(1), 41–55.
  • Kourilsky, M. L., & Walstad, W. B. (1998). Entrepreneurship and female youth: Knowledge, attitude, gender differences, and educational practices. Journal of Business Venturing, 13(1), 77-88.
  • Kristiansen, S., & Indarti, N. (2004). Entrepreneurial intention among Indonesian and Norwegian students. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 12(1), 55-78.
  • Krueger, N. F. (1993). The impact of prior entrepreneurial exposure on perceptions of new venture feasibility and desirability. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 18(1), 5-22.
  • Krueger, N. F., & Brazeal, D. V. (1994). Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 91-104.
  • Krueger, N. F., & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: Applying the theory of planned behavior, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 5, 315-330.
  • Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5), 411-432.
  • Küçük, O. (2005). Girişimcilik ve küçük işletme yönetimi, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Küçükkaragöz, H. (1998). İlkokul öğretmenlerinde kontrol odağı ve öğrencilerin kontrol odağı oluşumuna etkileri. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi SBE: İzmir.
  • Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific ınstrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 119-144.
  • Luszczynska, A., Mohamed, N.E., & Schwarzer, R. (2005). Self-Efficacy and social support predict benefit finding 12 months after cancer surgery: The mediating role of coping strategies. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 10(4), 365-375.
  • Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2006). Psychological capital: Developing the human competitive edge. Oxford University Press.
  • Mazzarol, T., Volery, T., Doss, N., & Thein, V. (1999). Factors Influencing Small Business Start-Ups. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 5(2), 48-63.
  • Mueller, S. L., & Thomas, A. S. (2000). Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and ınnovativeness, Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 51–75.
  • Phares, J. E. (1976). Locus of control in personality. General Learning Press: New Jersey.
  • Poon, J. M. L., Ainuddin, R. A., & Junit, S. H. (2006). Effects of self-concept traits and entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance. International Small Business Journal, 24(1), 61-82.
  • Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for ınternal and external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80, 1-28.
  • Sequeira, J., Mueller, S. L., & McGee, J. E. (2007). The influence of social ties and self-efficacy in forming entrepreneurial intentions and motivating nascent behavior. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 12(3), 275-293.
  • Shinnar, R., Pruett, M., & Toney, B., (2009). Entrepreneurship education: Attitudes across campus. Journal of Education for Business, 84(3), 151-159.
  • Solmuş, T. (2004). İş yaşamı, denetim odağı ve beş faktörlük kişilik modeli. Türk Psikoloji Bülteni, 10, 196-205.
  • Strauser, D. R., Ketz, K., & Keim, J. (2002). The relationship between self-efficacy, locus of control and work personality. Journal of Rehabilitation, 68, 20-26.
  • Şeşen, H., & Basım, H. N. (2012). Demografik faktörler ve kişiliğin girişimcilik niyetine etkisi: Spor bilimleri alanında öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma, Ege Akademik Bakış, 12, 21-28.
  • Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self‐efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 31(3), 387- 406.
  • Wilson, F., Marlino, D., & Kickul, D. (2004). Our entrepreneurial future: Examining the diverse attitudes and motivations of teens across gender and ethnic identity. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 9, 177- 197.
  • Yeşilay, A. (1996). Genelleştirilmiş öz yetki beklentisi. http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~health/turk.htm (erişim tarihi: 25.10.2017).
  • Yıldırım, F., & ilhan, İ. Ö. (2010). Genel öz yeterlilik ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 21(4), 301-308
  • Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265-1272.

ÖZ YETERLİLİK VE KONTROL ODAĞININ BİREYLERİN GİRİŞİMCİLİK NİYETİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİ BELİRLEMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2017, ICMEB17 Özel Sayısı, 736 - 747, 01.12.2017

Abstract

Araştırmanın temel amacı, öz yeterlilik ve kontrol odağının bireylerin girişimcilik niyeti üzerindeki etkisini tespit etmektir. Bu doğrultuda, ülke ekonomileri için büyük öneme sahip olan girişimcilik faaliyetlerine yönlendirilmesi gereken, potansiyel girişimci adayı olan işletme bölümü öğrencileri örneklem olarak tercih edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 3. ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerinden anket yöntemi ile elde edilen 282 veri SPPS 18 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öz yeterlilik ve iç kontrol odağının girişimcilik niyeti üzerinde pozitif etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Farklı demografik değişkenlerin girişimcilik niyeti üzerindeki etkisine bakıldığında ise sadece cinsiyet açısından girişimcilik niyetinin farklılaştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

References

  • Abraham, C., & Sheeran, P. (2003). Acting on intantions: The role of anticipated regret, British Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 495–511.
  • Arslan, K. (2002), Üniversiteli gençlerde mesleki tercihler ve girişimcilik eğilimleri. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 6, 1-11.
  • Balaban, Ö., & Özdemir, Y. (2008), Girişimcilik eğitiminin girişimcilik eğilimi üzerindeki etkisi: Sakarya üniversitesi İİBF örneği. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 3(2), 133-147.
  • Bandura, A. (1995). Self-Efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York Freeman.
  • Bandura, A. (2002). Growing primacy of human agency in adaptation and change in the electronic era, European Psychologist, 7 (1), 2-16.
  • Basu, A., & Virick, M. (2008). Assessing Entrepreneurial Intentions Amongst Students: A Comparative Study, Peer Revieved Papers, 79-86.
  • Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relation of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587-598.
  • Bernardi, R. A. (2001). A theoretical model for the relationship among stress, locus of control and longevity. Business Forum, 26, 27-33.
  • Boyd, N.G., & Vozikis, G. S. (1994). The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 63-75.
  • Bozkurt, Ö. (2006). Girişimcilik eğiliminde kişilik özelliklerinin önemi. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 1(2), 93-111.
  • Buergin, A. O. (1998). Differences between Swiss Entrepreneurs and Swiss Managers in Brain Dominance, Achievement Motivation, and Locus of Control. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Walden University. Applied Management and Decision Sciences.
  • Chelariu, C., Brashear, T. G., Osmonbekov, T., & Zait, A. (2008). Entrepreneurial propensity in a transition economy: Exploring micro-level and meso-level cultural antecedents. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 23(6), 405-415.
  • Crant, J. M. (1996). The proactive personality scale as a predictor of entrepreneurship intention. Journal of Small Business Management, 34(3), 42-49.
  • Çarıkçı, İ. H., & Koyuncu, O. (2010) Bireyci-toplumcu kültür ve girişimcilik eğilimi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2(3), 1-18.
  • Çetin, F. (2011). Örgüt içi girişimcilikte öz yeterlilik algısı ve kontrol odağının rolü. Business and Economics Research Journal, 2(3), 69-85.
  • Doğaner, M., & Altunoğlu, A. E. (2010). Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Nazilli İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi İşletme Bölümü öğrencilerinin girişimcilik eğilimi. Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(2), 103- 110.
  • Duygulu, E. (2004). Değerler, algılanan kurumsal görünüm ve girişimcilik yönelimi ilişkisi. 12. Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi, 27–29 Mayıs. İİBF İşletme Bölümü, Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
  • Ede, F.O., Panigrahi, B., & Calcich, S. E. (1998). African American students’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship education. Journal of Education for Business, 73(5), 291-296.
  • Güreşçi, E. (2014), Girişimcilik eğilimi üzerine bir araştırma: İspir Hamza Polat MYO örneği, Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 9(1), 23-38
  • Harris, M. L., & Gibson, S. G. (2008). Examining the entrepreneurial attitudes of US Business Students. Education & Training, 50(7), 568-581.
  • Hisrich, R. D., Peters, M. P., & Shepherd, D. A. (2005). Entrepreneurship International Edition (Sixth Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Hmieleski, K. M., & Corbett, A. C. (2008). The contrasting interaction effects of improvisational behavior with entrepreneurial self-efficacy on new venture performance and entrepreneur work satisfaction. Journal of Business Venturing, 23, 482-496.
  • Jerusalem, M., & Schwarzer, R. (1981). Self-Efficacy as resource theory in stress appraisal process. (Ed.) R. Schwarzer, Self-Efficacy: Thought control of action (s.195-213). Washington DC: Hemisphere.
  • Jung, D. I., Ehrlich, S. B., De Noble, A. F., & Baik, K. B. (2001). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and its relationship to entrepreneurial action: A comparative study between the US and Korea. Management International, 6(1), 41–55.
  • Kourilsky, M. L., & Walstad, W. B. (1998). Entrepreneurship and female youth: Knowledge, attitude, gender differences, and educational practices. Journal of Business Venturing, 13(1), 77-88.
  • Kristiansen, S., & Indarti, N. (2004). Entrepreneurial intention among Indonesian and Norwegian students. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 12(1), 55-78.
  • Krueger, N. F. (1993). The impact of prior entrepreneurial exposure on perceptions of new venture feasibility and desirability. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 18(1), 5-22.
  • Krueger, N. F., & Brazeal, D. V. (1994). Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 91-104.
  • Krueger, N. F., & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: Applying the theory of planned behavior, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 5, 315-330.
  • Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5), 411-432.
  • Küçük, O. (2005). Girişimcilik ve küçük işletme yönetimi, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Küçükkaragöz, H. (1998). İlkokul öğretmenlerinde kontrol odağı ve öğrencilerin kontrol odağı oluşumuna etkileri. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi SBE: İzmir.
  • Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific ınstrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 119-144.
  • Luszczynska, A., Mohamed, N.E., & Schwarzer, R. (2005). Self-Efficacy and social support predict benefit finding 12 months after cancer surgery: The mediating role of coping strategies. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 10(4), 365-375.
  • Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2006). Psychological capital: Developing the human competitive edge. Oxford University Press.
  • Mazzarol, T., Volery, T., Doss, N., & Thein, V. (1999). Factors Influencing Small Business Start-Ups. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 5(2), 48-63.
  • Mueller, S. L., & Thomas, A. S. (2000). Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and ınnovativeness, Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 51–75.
  • Phares, J. E. (1976). Locus of control in personality. General Learning Press: New Jersey.
  • Poon, J. M. L., Ainuddin, R. A., & Junit, S. H. (2006). Effects of self-concept traits and entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance. International Small Business Journal, 24(1), 61-82.
  • Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for ınternal and external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80, 1-28.
  • Sequeira, J., Mueller, S. L., & McGee, J. E. (2007). The influence of social ties and self-efficacy in forming entrepreneurial intentions and motivating nascent behavior. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 12(3), 275-293.
  • Shinnar, R., Pruett, M., & Toney, B., (2009). Entrepreneurship education: Attitudes across campus. Journal of Education for Business, 84(3), 151-159.
  • Solmuş, T. (2004). İş yaşamı, denetim odağı ve beş faktörlük kişilik modeli. Türk Psikoloji Bülteni, 10, 196-205.
  • Strauser, D. R., Ketz, K., & Keim, J. (2002). The relationship between self-efficacy, locus of control and work personality. Journal of Rehabilitation, 68, 20-26.
  • Şeşen, H., & Basım, H. N. (2012). Demografik faktörler ve kişiliğin girişimcilik niyetine etkisi: Spor bilimleri alanında öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma, Ege Akademik Bakış, 12, 21-28.
  • Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self‐efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 31(3), 387- 406.
  • Wilson, F., Marlino, D., & Kickul, D. (2004). Our entrepreneurial future: Examining the diverse attitudes and motivations of teens across gender and ethnic identity. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 9, 177- 197.
  • Yeşilay, A. (1996). Genelleştirilmiş öz yetki beklentisi. http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~health/turk.htm (erişim tarihi: 25.10.2017).
  • Yıldırım, F., & ilhan, İ. Ö. (2010). Genel öz yeterlilik ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 21(4), 301-308
  • Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265-1272.
There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nezire Derya Ergun Özler This is me

Ceren Giderler This is me

Hilal Baran This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2017
Submission Date October 17, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 ICMEB17 Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Ergun Özler, N. D., Giderler, C., & Baran, H. (2017). ÖZ YETERLİLİK VE KONTROL ODAĞININ BİREYLERİN GİRİŞİMCİLİK NİYETİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİ BELİRLEMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat Ve İşletme Dergisi, 13(13), 736-747.