Research Article
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Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 171 - 194, 01.10.2025

Abstract

References

  • Adal, S. (2018). Yumurta kabuğu tozu kullanılarak mineral madde bakımından zenginleştirilen ekmeklerin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesi (Master's thesis, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Alanka, D. (2024). Nitel bir araştırma yöntemi olarak içerik analizi: Teorik bir çerçeve. Kronotop İletişim Dergisi, 1(1), 64-84.
  • Burnaz, N. A., Ertop, M. H., & Karataş, Ş. M. (2018). Tıbbi ve aro-matik bitkilerin kullanımı ile ekmeğin fenolik madde içeriğinin zenginleştiril-mesi. Gıda, 43(2), 240-249.
  • Cauvain, S. P. (Ed.). (2012). Breadmaking: improving quality. Else-vier.
  • Coţovanu, I., Mironeasa, C. ve Mironeasa, S. (2022). Buğday ekmeği hamurunda karabuğday unu fraksiyonlarının potansiyeline ilişkin içgörüler. Uygulamalı Bilimler, 12 (5), 2302.
  • D'Adamo, I., Desideri, S., Gastaldi, M. & Tsagarakis, K. P. (2023). Sustainable food waste management in supermarkets. Sustainable Produc-tion and Consumption, 43, 204-216.
  • Dall’Acua, K., Klein, M. P., Tech, B. I., Fontana, A., Crepalde, L. T., Wagner, R., ... & Sant’Anna, V. (2025). Understanding the Utilization of Wasted Bread as a Brewing Adjunct for Producing a Sustainable Wheat Craft Beer. Microorganisms, 13(1), 66.
  • Del Vecchio, L., Chiodetti, M., Cirlini, M., Ricci, S., Di Fazio, A., Ca-ligiani, A., & Carini, E. (2025). Hemp flour in breadmaking: circularity and opportunities for bread quality and stability during storage. European Food Research and Technology, 1-14.
  • Demir, M. K., & Olcay, N. (2020). Ekmek Üretiminde Farklı Turunç-gil Aldebolarının Kullanım İmkanları. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversi-tesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(6), 1545-1553.
  • Demirbağ, Z., Alan, S., & Öksüztepe, G. (2023). Fonksiyonel gıdalar ve beslenmedeki önemi. Bozok Veterinary Sciences, 4(2), 54-60.
  • Dong, Y., & Karboune, S. (2021). A review of bread qualities and current strategies for bread bioprotection: Flavor, sensory, rheological, and textural attributes. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Sa-fety, 20(2), 1937-1981.
  • Dymchenko, A., Geršl, M., & Gregor, T. (2023). Trends in bread waste utilisation. Trends in food science & technology, 132, 93-102.
  • Erdoğan, H.F. (2022). Antioksidanca zengin meyve ve sebze tozları ile fonksiyonel ekmek üretimi (Master's thesis, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniver-sitesi).
  • Forrest, N., & Wiek, A. (2021). Growing a sustainable local grain economy in Arizona: A multidimensional analytical case study of an alterna-tive food network. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 10(2), 507-528.
  • Goesaert, H., Brijs, K., Veraverbeke, W. S., Courtin, C. M., Gebru-ers, K., & Delcour, J. A. (2005). Wheat flour constituents: how they impact bread quality, and how to impact their functionality. Trends in food science & technology, 16(1-3), 12-30.
  • Golcuk, A., & Yasar, A. (2023). Classification of bread wheat ge-notypes by machine learning algorithms. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 119, 105253.
  • Guiné, R. P. (2022). Textural properties of bakery products: A re-view of instrumental and sensory evaluation studies. Applied Scien-ces, 12(17), 8628.
  • Heiniö, R. L., Noort, M. W., Katina, K., Alam, S. A., Sozer, N., De Kock, H. L., ... & Poutanen, K. (2016). Sensory characteristics of wholeg-rain and bran-rich cereal foods–A review. Trends in Food Science & Techno-logy, 47, 25-38.
  • Karasar, N. (2019). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Nobel Yayınları, 34. Basım, Ankara, ss.1-368.
  • Kumar, V., Brancoli, P., Narisetty, V., Wallace, S., Charalampopou-los, D., Dubey, B. K., ... & Taherzadeh, M. J. (2023). Bread waste–a poten-tial feedstock for sustainable circular biorefineries. Bioresource techno-logy, 369, 128449.
  • Meral, R., & Doğan, İ. S. (2011). Fonksiyonel Bileşenlerin Ekmek Üretiminde Kullanımı. ResearchGate.
  • Mitelut, A. C., Popa, E. E., Popescu, P. A., & Popa, M. E. (2021). Trends of innovation in bread and bakery production. Trends in wheat and bread making, 199-226.
  • Mollakhalili-Meybodi, N., Sheidaei, Z., Khorshidian, N., Nematolla-hi, A., & Khanniri, E. (2023). Sensory attributes of wheat bread: A review of influential factors. Journal of Food Measurement and Characteriza-tion, 17(3), 2172-2181.
  • Mondal, A., & Datta, A. K. (2008). Bread baking–A review. Journal of food engineering, 86(4), 465-474.
  • Özdemir, G., Altıner, D. D., & Şahan, Y. (2021). Bazı tıbbi bitkilerle zenginleştirilmiş ekmeklerin duyusal özellikleri ve satın alma niyetine etki-si. Gıda, 46(4), 767-784.
  • Pejcz, E. (2024). Biotechnological approach of technological advan-cements for sustainable probiotic bread production. Sustainability, 16(8), 3275.
  • Poutanen, K., Flander, L., & Katina, K. (2009). Sourdough and ce-real fermentation in a nutritional perspective. Food microbiology, 26(7), 693-699.
  • Pyler, E. J., & Gorton, L. A. (2008). Baking science & technology: Volume I: Fundamentals & ingredients. Sosland Pub..
  • Rafiee, M., Abbaspour-Fard, M. H., & Heidari, A. (2024). Analyzing sustainability in bread production: A life cycle assessment approach to energy, exergy and environmental footprint. Environmental Science and Pol-lution Research, 31(34), 46949-46964.
  • Rahman, M., Islam, R., Hasan, S., Zzaman, W., Rana, M. R., Ahmed, S., ... & Sunny, A. R. (2022). A comprehensive review on bio-preservation of bread: An approach to adopt wholesome strategies. Foods, 11(3), 319.
  • Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin, F. S., Lambin, E. F., ... & Foley, J. A. (2009). A safe operating space for huma-nity. nature, 461(7263), 472-475.
  • Sarica, D., Demircan, V., Erturk, A., & Arslantas, N. (2021). An econometric analysis of the factors affecting consumers' bread waste and consumption behaviour: a case study of Isparta province, Turkey. British Food Journal, 123(4), 1449-1464.
  • Scanlon, M. G., & Zghal, M. C. (2001). Bread properties and crumb structure. Food research international, 34(10), 841-864.
  • Shewry, P. R., & Hey, S. J. (2015). The contribution of wheat to hu-man diet and health. Food and energy security, 4(3), 178-202.
  • Slavin, J. (2004). Whole grains and human health. Nutrition research reviews, 17(1), 99-110.
  • Sluimer, P. (2005). Principles of breadmaking: functionality of raw materials and process steps. (No Title).
  • Stanley, P., Cauvain, S. P., & Young, L. S. (2007). Technology of bread making.
  • Taglieri, I., Sanmartin, C., Venturi, F., Macaluso, M., Zinnai, A., Ta-varini, S., ... & Angelini, L. G. (2020). Effect of the leavening agent on the compositional and sensorial characteristics of bread fortified with flaxseed cake. Applied Sciences, 10(15), 5235.
  • Taş, D., & Olum, E. (2020). Yiyecek-içecek sektöründe sürdürülebi-lirlik ve yenilikçi yaklaşımlar. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), 3082-3098.
  • Van Der Kamp, J. W., Poutanen, K., Seal, C. J., & Richardson, D. P. (2014). The healthgraın definition of ‘whole grain’. Food & nutrition rese-arch, 58(1), 22100.
  • Zarzycki, P., Wirkijowska, A., Teterycz, D., & Łysakowska, P. (2024). Innovations in wheat bread: Using food industry by-products for better quality and nutrition. Applied Sciences, 14(10), 3976.

THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 171 - 194, 01.10.2025

Abstract

Bread has historically played a fundamental role as a staple food; however, modern lifestyles and increasing health awareness have necessitated the reformulation of traditional recipes. In this context, academic research on products enriched with functional components and extended shelf life has accelerated. Themes such as sustainability, microbial stability, and sensory quality have become key determinants in bread production. Sustainability, on the one hand, emphasizes the conservation of existing resources and, on the other, refers to rational and responsible production practices. Accordingly, recent literature has examined bread development processes from a multidimensional perspective. To conceptualize the transformation of sustainability, rational production, and resource conservation within the scope of "bread products," a qualitative study was conducted. Academic publications published between 2003 and 2025 were analyzed using a systematic document analysis method. The functional components used in the developed products and their structural and nutritional contributions were evaluated thematically. This study offers significant contributions to the food technology literature regarding bread production. As a result, research on bread development today extends beyond improving nutritional and technological quality. It now encompasses multidimensional goals such as environmental sustainability, healthy dietary trends, meeting special dietary needs, and aligning with consumer preferences. In this regard, future studies are expected to not only support bioavailability through functional and structural enhancements but also advance the integration of sustainable production chains.

References

  • Adal, S. (2018). Yumurta kabuğu tozu kullanılarak mineral madde bakımından zenginleştirilen ekmeklerin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesi (Master's thesis, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Alanka, D. (2024). Nitel bir araştırma yöntemi olarak içerik analizi: Teorik bir çerçeve. Kronotop İletişim Dergisi, 1(1), 64-84.
  • Burnaz, N. A., Ertop, M. H., & Karataş, Ş. M. (2018). Tıbbi ve aro-matik bitkilerin kullanımı ile ekmeğin fenolik madde içeriğinin zenginleştiril-mesi. Gıda, 43(2), 240-249.
  • Cauvain, S. P. (Ed.). (2012). Breadmaking: improving quality. Else-vier.
  • Coţovanu, I., Mironeasa, C. ve Mironeasa, S. (2022). Buğday ekmeği hamurunda karabuğday unu fraksiyonlarının potansiyeline ilişkin içgörüler. Uygulamalı Bilimler, 12 (5), 2302.
  • D'Adamo, I., Desideri, S., Gastaldi, M. & Tsagarakis, K. P. (2023). Sustainable food waste management in supermarkets. Sustainable Produc-tion and Consumption, 43, 204-216.
  • Dall’Acua, K., Klein, M. P., Tech, B. I., Fontana, A., Crepalde, L. T., Wagner, R., ... & Sant’Anna, V. (2025). Understanding the Utilization of Wasted Bread as a Brewing Adjunct for Producing a Sustainable Wheat Craft Beer. Microorganisms, 13(1), 66.
  • Del Vecchio, L., Chiodetti, M., Cirlini, M., Ricci, S., Di Fazio, A., Ca-ligiani, A., & Carini, E. (2025). Hemp flour in breadmaking: circularity and opportunities for bread quality and stability during storage. European Food Research and Technology, 1-14.
  • Demir, M. K., & Olcay, N. (2020). Ekmek Üretiminde Farklı Turunç-gil Aldebolarının Kullanım İmkanları. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversi-tesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(6), 1545-1553.
  • Demirbağ, Z., Alan, S., & Öksüztepe, G. (2023). Fonksiyonel gıdalar ve beslenmedeki önemi. Bozok Veterinary Sciences, 4(2), 54-60.
  • Dong, Y., & Karboune, S. (2021). A review of bread qualities and current strategies for bread bioprotection: Flavor, sensory, rheological, and textural attributes. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Sa-fety, 20(2), 1937-1981.
  • Dymchenko, A., Geršl, M., & Gregor, T. (2023). Trends in bread waste utilisation. Trends in food science & technology, 132, 93-102.
  • Erdoğan, H.F. (2022). Antioksidanca zengin meyve ve sebze tozları ile fonksiyonel ekmek üretimi (Master's thesis, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniver-sitesi).
  • Forrest, N., & Wiek, A. (2021). Growing a sustainable local grain economy in Arizona: A multidimensional analytical case study of an alterna-tive food network. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 10(2), 507-528.
  • Goesaert, H., Brijs, K., Veraverbeke, W. S., Courtin, C. M., Gebru-ers, K., & Delcour, J. A. (2005). Wheat flour constituents: how they impact bread quality, and how to impact their functionality. Trends in food science & technology, 16(1-3), 12-30.
  • Golcuk, A., & Yasar, A. (2023). Classification of bread wheat ge-notypes by machine learning algorithms. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 119, 105253.
  • Guiné, R. P. (2022). Textural properties of bakery products: A re-view of instrumental and sensory evaluation studies. Applied Scien-ces, 12(17), 8628.
  • Heiniö, R. L., Noort, M. W., Katina, K., Alam, S. A., Sozer, N., De Kock, H. L., ... & Poutanen, K. (2016). Sensory characteristics of wholeg-rain and bran-rich cereal foods–A review. Trends in Food Science & Techno-logy, 47, 25-38.
  • Karasar, N. (2019). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Nobel Yayınları, 34. Basım, Ankara, ss.1-368.
  • Kumar, V., Brancoli, P., Narisetty, V., Wallace, S., Charalampopou-los, D., Dubey, B. K., ... & Taherzadeh, M. J. (2023). Bread waste–a poten-tial feedstock for sustainable circular biorefineries. Bioresource techno-logy, 369, 128449.
  • Meral, R., & Doğan, İ. S. (2011). Fonksiyonel Bileşenlerin Ekmek Üretiminde Kullanımı. ResearchGate.
  • Mitelut, A. C., Popa, E. E., Popescu, P. A., & Popa, M. E. (2021). Trends of innovation in bread and bakery production. Trends in wheat and bread making, 199-226.
  • Mollakhalili-Meybodi, N., Sheidaei, Z., Khorshidian, N., Nematolla-hi, A., & Khanniri, E. (2023). Sensory attributes of wheat bread: A review of influential factors. Journal of Food Measurement and Characteriza-tion, 17(3), 2172-2181.
  • Mondal, A., & Datta, A. K. (2008). Bread baking–A review. Journal of food engineering, 86(4), 465-474.
  • Özdemir, G., Altıner, D. D., & Şahan, Y. (2021). Bazı tıbbi bitkilerle zenginleştirilmiş ekmeklerin duyusal özellikleri ve satın alma niyetine etki-si. Gıda, 46(4), 767-784.
  • Pejcz, E. (2024). Biotechnological approach of technological advan-cements for sustainable probiotic bread production. Sustainability, 16(8), 3275.
  • Poutanen, K., Flander, L., & Katina, K. (2009). Sourdough and ce-real fermentation in a nutritional perspective. Food microbiology, 26(7), 693-699.
  • Pyler, E. J., & Gorton, L. A. (2008). Baking science & technology: Volume I: Fundamentals & ingredients. Sosland Pub..
  • Rafiee, M., Abbaspour-Fard, M. H., & Heidari, A. (2024). Analyzing sustainability in bread production: A life cycle assessment approach to energy, exergy and environmental footprint. Environmental Science and Pol-lution Research, 31(34), 46949-46964.
  • Rahman, M., Islam, R., Hasan, S., Zzaman, W., Rana, M. R., Ahmed, S., ... & Sunny, A. R. (2022). A comprehensive review on bio-preservation of bread: An approach to adopt wholesome strategies. Foods, 11(3), 319.
  • Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin, F. S., Lambin, E. F., ... & Foley, J. A. (2009). A safe operating space for huma-nity. nature, 461(7263), 472-475.
  • Sarica, D., Demircan, V., Erturk, A., & Arslantas, N. (2021). An econometric analysis of the factors affecting consumers' bread waste and consumption behaviour: a case study of Isparta province, Turkey. British Food Journal, 123(4), 1449-1464.
  • Scanlon, M. G., & Zghal, M. C. (2001). Bread properties and crumb structure. Food research international, 34(10), 841-864.
  • Shewry, P. R., & Hey, S. J. (2015). The contribution of wheat to hu-man diet and health. Food and energy security, 4(3), 178-202.
  • Slavin, J. (2004). Whole grains and human health. Nutrition research reviews, 17(1), 99-110.
  • Sluimer, P. (2005). Principles of breadmaking: functionality of raw materials and process steps. (No Title).
  • Stanley, P., Cauvain, S. P., & Young, L. S. (2007). Technology of bread making.
  • Taglieri, I., Sanmartin, C., Venturi, F., Macaluso, M., Zinnai, A., Ta-varini, S., ... & Angelini, L. G. (2020). Effect of the leavening agent on the compositional and sensorial characteristics of bread fortified with flaxseed cake. Applied Sciences, 10(15), 5235.
  • Taş, D., & Olum, E. (2020). Yiyecek-içecek sektöründe sürdürülebi-lirlik ve yenilikçi yaklaşımlar. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), 3082-3098.
  • Van Der Kamp, J. W., Poutanen, K., Seal, C. J., & Richardson, D. P. (2014). The healthgraın definition of ‘whole grain’. Food & nutrition rese-arch, 58(1), 22100.
  • Zarzycki, P., Wirkijowska, A., Teterycz, D., & Łysakowska, P. (2024). Innovations in wheat bread: Using food industry by-products for better quality and nutrition. Applied Sciences, 14(10), 3976.

EKMEKTE YAPISAL VE FONKSİYONEL İNOVASYONUN ANATOMİSİ: NİTEL BULGULARIN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR GASTRONOMİ PERSPEKTİFİYLE YENİDEN YORUMLANMASI

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 171 - 194, 01.10.2025

Abstract

Ekmek, tarihsel süreçte temel bir gıda maddesi olarak önemli bir rol üstlenmiştir; ancak modern yaşam tarzı ve artan sağlık bilinci, geleneksel formülasyonların yeniden yapılandırılmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, fonksiyonel bileşenlerle zenginleştirilmiş ve raf ömrü uzatılmış ürünlere yönelik akademik çalışmalar hız kazanmıştır. Sürdürülebilirlik, mikrobiyal stabilite ve duyusal kalite gibi temalar da ekmek üretiminde belirleyici hale gelmiştir. Zira sürdürebilirlik bir taraftan mevcut kaynakları korumaya odaklanırken bir taraftan da akılcı ve sorumlu bir üretim şekline atıfta bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma güncel literatür kapsamında ekmek geliştirme süreçlerini çok yönlü olarak ele almaktadır. Söz konusu sürdürülebilirliğin dönüşümü, akılcı üretimi ve var olan kaynakları korumayı "ekmek ürünü" kapsamında anlamlandırmak amacıyla nitel bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Buna göre 2003–2025 yılları arasında yayımlanmış akademik yayınlar sistematik doküman analizi yöntemiyle incelemiş; geliştirilen ürünlerde kullanılan fonksiyonel bileşenler ve bu bileşenlerin yapısalbesinsel katkılarını tematik olarak değerlendirmiştir. Çalışma ekmek üretimi konusunda gıda teknolojisi literatürüne önemli katkılar sunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, ekmek geliştirme araştırmaları günümüzde yalnızca beslenme ve teknolojik kaliteyi artırmakla sınırlı kalmayıp, aynı zamanda çevresel sürdürülebilirlik, sağlıklı beslenme eğilimleri, özel diyet ihtiyaçlarını karşılama ve tüketici tercihlerine uyum sağlama gibi çok boyutlu hedefleri içeren bir alan haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda gelecekteki çalışmalar aslında fonksiyonel ve yapısal katkılar ile biyoyararlılığa hizmet ederken bir taraftan da sürdürülebilir üretim zincirlerinin entegrasyonu yönünde ilerlemektedir.

References

  • Adal, S. (2018). Yumurta kabuğu tozu kullanılarak mineral madde bakımından zenginleştirilen ekmeklerin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesi (Master's thesis, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • Alanka, D. (2024). Nitel bir araştırma yöntemi olarak içerik analizi: Teorik bir çerçeve. Kronotop İletişim Dergisi, 1(1), 64-84.
  • Burnaz, N. A., Ertop, M. H., & Karataş, Ş. M. (2018). Tıbbi ve aro-matik bitkilerin kullanımı ile ekmeğin fenolik madde içeriğinin zenginleştiril-mesi. Gıda, 43(2), 240-249.
  • Cauvain, S. P. (Ed.). (2012). Breadmaking: improving quality. Else-vier.
  • Coţovanu, I., Mironeasa, C. ve Mironeasa, S. (2022). Buğday ekmeği hamurunda karabuğday unu fraksiyonlarının potansiyeline ilişkin içgörüler. Uygulamalı Bilimler, 12 (5), 2302.
  • D'Adamo, I., Desideri, S., Gastaldi, M. & Tsagarakis, K. P. (2023). Sustainable food waste management in supermarkets. Sustainable Produc-tion and Consumption, 43, 204-216.
  • Dall’Acua, K., Klein, M. P., Tech, B. I., Fontana, A., Crepalde, L. T., Wagner, R., ... & Sant’Anna, V. (2025). Understanding the Utilization of Wasted Bread as a Brewing Adjunct for Producing a Sustainable Wheat Craft Beer. Microorganisms, 13(1), 66.
  • Del Vecchio, L., Chiodetti, M., Cirlini, M., Ricci, S., Di Fazio, A., Ca-ligiani, A., & Carini, E. (2025). Hemp flour in breadmaking: circularity and opportunities for bread quality and stability during storage. European Food Research and Technology, 1-14.
  • Demir, M. K., & Olcay, N. (2020). Ekmek Üretiminde Farklı Turunç-gil Aldebolarının Kullanım İmkanları. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversi-tesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(6), 1545-1553.
  • Demirbağ, Z., Alan, S., & Öksüztepe, G. (2023). Fonksiyonel gıdalar ve beslenmedeki önemi. Bozok Veterinary Sciences, 4(2), 54-60.
  • Dong, Y., & Karboune, S. (2021). A review of bread qualities and current strategies for bread bioprotection: Flavor, sensory, rheological, and textural attributes. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Sa-fety, 20(2), 1937-1981.
  • Dymchenko, A., Geršl, M., & Gregor, T. (2023). Trends in bread waste utilisation. Trends in food science & technology, 132, 93-102.
  • Erdoğan, H.F. (2022). Antioksidanca zengin meyve ve sebze tozları ile fonksiyonel ekmek üretimi (Master's thesis, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniver-sitesi).
  • Forrest, N., & Wiek, A. (2021). Growing a sustainable local grain economy in Arizona: A multidimensional analytical case study of an alterna-tive food network. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 10(2), 507-528.
  • Goesaert, H., Brijs, K., Veraverbeke, W. S., Courtin, C. M., Gebru-ers, K., & Delcour, J. A. (2005). Wheat flour constituents: how they impact bread quality, and how to impact their functionality. Trends in food science & technology, 16(1-3), 12-30.
  • Golcuk, A., & Yasar, A. (2023). Classification of bread wheat ge-notypes by machine learning algorithms. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 119, 105253.
  • Guiné, R. P. (2022). Textural properties of bakery products: A re-view of instrumental and sensory evaluation studies. Applied Scien-ces, 12(17), 8628.
  • Heiniö, R. L., Noort, M. W., Katina, K., Alam, S. A., Sozer, N., De Kock, H. L., ... & Poutanen, K. (2016). Sensory characteristics of wholeg-rain and bran-rich cereal foods–A review. Trends in Food Science & Techno-logy, 47, 25-38.
  • Karasar, N. (2019). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Nobel Yayınları, 34. Basım, Ankara, ss.1-368.
  • Kumar, V., Brancoli, P., Narisetty, V., Wallace, S., Charalampopou-los, D., Dubey, B. K., ... & Taherzadeh, M. J. (2023). Bread waste–a poten-tial feedstock for sustainable circular biorefineries. Bioresource techno-logy, 369, 128449.
  • Meral, R., & Doğan, İ. S. (2011). Fonksiyonel Bileşenlerin Ekmek Üretiminde Kullanımı. ResearchGate.
  • Mitelut, A. C., Popa, E. E., Popescu, P. A., & Popa, M. E. (2021). Trends of innovation in bread and bakery production. Trends in wheat and bread making, 199-226.
  • Mollakhalili-Meybodi, N., Sheidaei, Z., Khorshidian, N., Nematolla-hi, A., & Khanniri, E. (2023). Sensory attributes of wheat bread: A review of influential factors. Journal of Food Measurement and Characteriza-tion, 17(3), 2172-2181.
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There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sibel Ayyıldız

Melike Köylü

Publication Date October 1, 2025
Submission Date June 22, 2025
Acceptance Date August 24, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ayyıldız, S., & Köylü, M. (2025). THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE. International Journal of Social And Humanities Sciences, 9(2), 171-194.
AMA Ayyıldız S, Köylü M. THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE. IJSHS. October 2025;9(2):171-194.
Chicago Ayyıldız, Sibel, and Melike Köylü. “THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE”. International Journal of Social And Humanities Sciences 9, no. 2 (October 2025): 171-94.
EndNote Ayyıldız S, Köylü M (October 1, 2025) THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE. International Journal of Social And Humanities Sciences 9 2 171–194.
IEEE S. Ayyıldız and M. Köylü, “THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE”, IJSHS, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 171–194, 2025.
ISNAD Ayyıldız, Sibel - Köylü, Melike. “THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE”. International Journal of Social And Humanities Sciences 9/2 (October2025), 171-194.
JAMA Ayyıldız S, Köylü M. THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE. IJSHS. 2025;9:171–194.
MLA Ayyıldız, Sibel and Melike Köylü. “THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE”. International Journal of Social And Humanities Sciences, vol. 9, no. 2, 2025, pp. 171-94.
Vancouver Ayyıldız S, Köylü M. THE ANATOMY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION IN BREAD: REINTERPRETING QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM A SUSTAINABLE GASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE. IJSHS. 2025;9(2):171-94.