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Haber Üretim ve Dağıtım Pratikleri Bağlamında Tiktok Kullanımı

Year 2023, Issue: 61, 79 - 97, 29.03.2023

Aysel Çetinkaya , Zeynep Dondurucu

https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1135661
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Tüm dünyada sosyal medya platformlarının kullanıcı sayısının giderek artması, büyük medya kuruluşlarının yeni medya ekosisteminde varlık gösterebilme ve takipçi elde amacıyla bu mecraları etkin bir biçimde kullanmaya başlamasına neden olmuştur. Günümüzde, özellikle Z kuşağı genç kitlenin sosyal medya platformlarından haber alma eğiliminin yükselmesi ve bu kitleye ulaşabilmek için enformasyonun ilginç ve eğlenceli bir biçimde aktarılmasının gerekliliği, farklı ülkelerde ulusal gazetelerin TikTok gibi popülerleşen sosyal medya platformlarında yeni haber format ve içerikleri oluşturmasına yol açmıştır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada ABD ve Türkiye merkezli ulusal gazetelerin mizah, eğlence ve video-müzik ağırlıklı bir sosyal medya platformu olan TikTok’u haber içeriği ve formatı açısından nasıl kullandıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmış olup; ABD’den Washington Post, USA Today; Türkiye’den Hürriyet ve Evrensel gazetelerinin 2021 yılında mecrada paylaştığı gönderiler, haber tonu/türü/işlevi/içerik formatı (ses/efekt) ve etkileşim değişkenleri çerçevesinde nitel ve nicel içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, The Wall Street Journal ve USA Today gazetelerinin TikTok’u eğlendirici içerik paylaşımı özelliğini merkeze alarak, ses ve görüntü efektleri ile zenginleştirilmiş haber üretimi gerçekleştirmesine karşın; Hürriyet ve Evrensel gazetelerinin mecranın sesli ve efektli içerik üretimi imkanlarından temel düzeyde yararlandığı ve mecraya özel haber formatları kullanmadığı saptanmıştır.

Keywords

TikTok Yeni Medya Sosyal Medya Gazeteciliği Haber Üretimi Haber Formatı.

References

  • Alp, H., & Turan, E. (2018). Gelenekselden dijitale medyanın dönüşümü çerçevesinde CNN Türk ve NTV internet sitelerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi. Turkish Studies, 13(29), 1-18.
  • Bell, E., & Owen, T. (2017). The platform press: How silicon valley reengineered journalism. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
  • Boczkowski, P. J. (2004). Digitizing the news: Innovation in online newspapers. Cambridge, UK: MIT Press.
  • Boczkowski, P. J., Mitchelstein, E., & Matassi, M. (2018). News comes across when ı’m in a moment of leisure: Understanding the practices of incidental news consumption on social media. New Media & Society, 20, 3523–3539.
  • Broersma, M., & Graham, T. (2013). Twitter as a news source: How Dutch and British newspapers used Tweets in their news coverage, 2007-2011. Journalism Practice, 7(4), 446–464.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara, Tukey: Pegem Akademi.
  • Çağlar, Ş. (2012). (Ed.) Şövalyelik mesleği gazeteciliğin uzmanlık alanları. Konya, Turkey: Literatürk Yayınları.
  • Cervi, L., & Marín-Lladó, C. (2021). What are political parties doing on TikTok? The Spanish case. Profesional De La İnformación, 30(4), e300403.
  • Çetinkaya, A., & Yıldız, G. (2021). Siyasal iletişim aracı olarak TikTok. T. Yazıcı, İ. Karlı & B. Dondurucu (Eds.). Dijitalleşen Dünyada Siyasal İletişim (pp.211-246). Konya, Turkey: Literatürk.
  • Çiçeklioğlu, A. Ş., & Ünal, R. (2021). Haber üretimi ve dağıtımı bağlamında TikTok uygulaması ne vaat ediyor? İlef, Special Edition Autumn, 69-98.
  • DeVito, M. A. (2017). From editors to algorithms. Digital Journalism, 5, 753–73.
  • Ekström, M., & Westlund, O. (2019). The dislocation of news journalism: A conceptual framework for the study of epistemologies of digital journalism. Media and Communication, 7, 259–70..
  • Ferrer-Conill, R., & Tandoc, E.C. (2018) The audience-oriented editor. Digital Journalism, 6(4), 436–453.
  • Franklin, B. (2017). Gazeteciliğin geleceği, gelişmeler ve tartışmalar. H. Hülür & C. Yaşın (Eds.). Yeni Medya Geleceğin Gazeteciliği (pp.41-66). Ankara, Turkey: Ütopya Yayınları.
  • Galan, L., Osserman, J., Parker, T., et al. (2019) How young people consume news and the ımplications for mainstream media. London, UK: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford.
  • Harcup, T., & O’Neill, D. (2017). What is news? Journalism Studies, 18 (12), 1470–1488.
  • Hermida, A., & Mellado, C. (2020). Dimensions of social media logics: Mapping forms of journalistic norms and practices on Twitter and Instagram. Digital Journalism, 8, 864–84.
  • Kalogeropoulos. A. (2019). How younger generations consume news differently. N. Newman et al. (Eds.). Digital News Report 2019 (pp. 54–59). Oxford, UK: Reuters Institute.
  • Kalsnes, B., & Larsson, A. O., (2018). Understanding news sharing across social media. Journalism Studies, 19, 1669–1688.
  • Klinger, U. (2013). Mastering the art of social media. Information, Communication & Society, 16, 717–36.
  • Larsson, A.O. (2018). The news user on social media. Journalism Studies, 19, 2225–2242.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. California, USA: Sage.
  • Mitchelstein, E., Boczkowski, P.J., Tenenboim-Weinblatt, K, et al. (2020). Incidentality on a continuum: A comparative conceptualization of incidental news consumption. Journalism 21(8), 1136–1153.
  • Nahon, K., Hemsley, J., Walker, S., & Hussain, M. (2011). Fifteen minutes of fame: the power of blogs in the lifecycle of viral political information. Policy & Internet, 3, 6–33.
  • Nieborg, D. B., & Poell, T. (2018). The platformization of cultural production: theorizing the contingent cultural commodity. New Media & Society, 20, 4275–4292.
  • Pavlik, J. V. (2013). Yeni medya ve gazetecilik (M. Demir & B. Kalsın, Trans.). Ankara, Turkey: Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Pınarbaşı, T. E., & Astam, F. K. (2020). Haberin dönü(şü)mü: Sosyal medya gazeteciliği pratikleri, İNİF E- Dergi, 5(1), 70-87.
  • Poniewozik, J., Hess, A., Caramanica, J., et al. (2019). 48 Hours in the strange and beautiful world of TikTok. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/interac- tive/2019/10/10/arts/TIK-TOK.html.
  • Robert, A. D., & Boullaguet, A. (1997). Analyse de contenu. Paris, France: P.U.F.
  • Reuters Institute Digital News Report (2021). Reuters Institute Digital News Report. Retrieved from https://Reutersinstitute.Politics.Ox.Ac.Uk/Sites/Default/Files/2021-06/Digital_News_Report_2021_FINAL.Pdf.
  • Schmidt, C. (2019). Meet TikTok: How the Washington Post, NBC News, and The Dallas Morning News are using the of-the-moment platform. NiemanLab, Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2WsybF4.
  • Shearer, E., & Grieco, E. (2019). Americans are wary of the role social media sites in delivering the news. Washington, USA: Pew Research Center.
  • Shoemaker P. J. (2020). Gatekeeping and journalism. J. Nussbaum (Ed.). Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Statista (2021a). Forecast of the Number of TikTok users in Turkey from 2017 to 2025. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1142715/tiktok-users-in-turkey
  • Statista. (2021b). Number of social network users worldwide from 2017 to 2025. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/278414/number-of-worldwide-social-network-users/
  • Tavşancıl, E., & Aslan, E. (2001). Sözel, yazılı ve diğer materyaller için içerik analizi ve uygulama örnekleri. İstanbul, Turkey: Epsilon Yayınevi.
  • Vázquez-Herrero, J., Negreira-Rey, M. C., & López-García, X. (2020). Let’s dance the news! How the news media are adapting to the logic of TikTok. Journalism, 1-19.
  • Vázquez-Herrero, J., Negreira-Rey, M. C., & Rodríguez-Vázquez. A. I. (2021). Intersections between TikTok and TV: channels and programmes thinking outside the box. Journalism and Media (2), 1–13.
  • Vijay, D., & Gekker, A. (2021). Playing politics: how Sabarimala played out on TikTok. American Behavioral Scientist, 65 (5), 712-734.
  • Vis, F. (2013). Twitter as a reporting tool for breaking news: journalists tweeting the 2011 UK Riots. Digital Journalism, 1 (1), 27–47.
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2020). An emotional turn in journalism studies? Digital Journalism, 8, 175–94.
  • We are Social (2021). Digital Global Overview Report. Retrieved from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-turkey.
  • Welbers, K., & Opgenhaffen, M. (2019). Presenting news on social media. Digital Journalism 7(1), 45–62.
  • Xia, Y., Robinson, S., Zahay, M., & Freelon, D. (2020). The evolving journalistic roles on social media: Exploring ‘engagement’ as relationship-building between journalists and citizens. Journalism Practice, 14 (5), 556-573.
  • Zaffarano, F. (2019). TikTok without generational prejudice. Retrieved from https://www.niemanlab.org/2019/12/tiktok-without-generational-prejudice/.
  • Zhang, X., Wu, Y. & Liu, S. (2019). Exploring short-form video application addiction: socio-technical and attachment perspectives. Telematics and Informatics, 42, 101-243.

Usage of Tiktok In The Context of News Productıon and Distribution Practices

Year 2023, Issue: 61, 79 - 97, 29.03.2023

Aysel Çetinkaya , Zeynep Dondurucu

https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1135661
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Increasing user numbers of social media platforms all over the world have led to the effective use of these channels by corporate media organizations to have a presence in the new media ecosystem and to gain followers. Today, the increase in the tendency of the Z generation to receive news from social media platforms and the necessity of transferring information in an interesting and entertaining way to reach this audience caused national newspapers to create new news formats and contents on popular social media platforms such as TikTok. So in this study, it is aimed to determine how the USA and Turkey-based national newspapers use TikTok, a social media platform is based on humor, entertainment and video-music features. So, the posts shared by USA Today and Washington Post from USA; Hürriyet and Evrensel from Turkey in 2021 are analyzed with qualitative and quantitative content analysis method within the framework of news tone/type/function/content format (sound/effect) and interaction variables. In conclusion, although The Wall Street Journal and USA Today produced news enriched with sound and visual effects by putting TikTok in the center of entertaining content sharing; It has been determined that Hürriyet and Evrensel basically benefit of the medium’s audio and effect content production opportunities and do not use specific news formats for this medium.

Keywords

TikTok New Media Social Media Journalism News Production News Format.

References

  • Alp, H., & Turan, E. (2018). Gelenekselden dijitale medyanın dönüşümü çerçevesinde CNN Türk ve NTV internet sitelerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi. Turkish Studies, 13(29), 1-18.
  • Bell, E., & Owen, T. (2017). The platform press: How silicon valley reengineered journalism. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
  • Boczkowski, P. J. (2004). Digitizing the news: Innovation in online newspapers. Cambridge, UK: MIT Press.
  • Boczkowski, P. J., Mitchelstein, E., & Matassi, M. (2018). News comes across when ı’m in a moment of leisure: Understanding the practices of incidental news consumption on social media. New Media & Society, 20, 3523–3539.
  • Broersma, M., & Graham, T. (2013). Twitter as a news source: How Dutch and British newspapers used Tweets in their news coverage, 2007-2011. Journalism Practice, 7(4), 446–464.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara, Tukey: Pegem Akademi.
  • Çağlar, Ş. (2012). (Ed.) Şövalyelik mesleği gazeteciliğin uzmanlık alanları. Konya, Turkey: Literatürk Yayınları.
  • Cervi, L., & Marín-Lladó, C. (2021). What are political parties doing on TikTok? The Spanish case. Profesional De La İnformación, 30(4), e300403.
  • Çetinkaya, A., & Yıldız, G. (2021). Siyasal iletişim aracı olarak TikTok. T. Yazıcı, İ. Karlı & B. Dondurucu (Eds.). Dijitalleşen Dünyada Siyasal İletişim (pp.211-246). Konya, Turkey: Literatürk.
  • Çiçeklioğlu, A. Ş., & Ünal, R. (2021). Haber üretimi ve dağıtımı bağlamında TikTok uygulaması ne vaat ediyor? İlef, Special Edition Autumn, 69-98.
  • DeVito, M. A. (2017). From editors to algorithms. Digital Journalism, 5, 753–73.
  • Ekström, M., & Westlund, O. (2019). The dislocation of news journalism: A conceptual framework for the study of epistemologies of digital journalism. Media and Communication, 7, 259–70..
  • Ferrer-Conill, R., & Tandoc, E.C. (2018) The audience-oriented editor. Digital Journalism, 6(4), 436–453.
  • Franklin, B. (2017). Gazeteciliğin geleceği, gelişmeler ve tartışmalar. H. Hülür & C. Yaşın (Eds.). Yeni Medya Geleceğin Gazeteciliği (pp.41-66). Ankara, Turkey: Ütopya Yayınları.
  • Galan, L., Osserman, J., Parker, T., et al. (2019) How young people consume news and the ımplications for mainstream media. London, UK: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford.
  • Harcup, T., & O’Neill, D. (2017). What is news? Journalism Studies, 18 (12), 1470–1488.
  • Hermida, A., & Mellado, C. (2020). Dimensions of social media logics: Mapping forms of journalistic norms and practices on Twitter and Instagram. Digital Journalism, 8, 864–84.
  • Kalogeropoulos. A. (2019). How younger generations consume news differently. N. Newman et al. (Eds.). Digital News Report 2019 (pp. 54–59). Oxford, UK: Reuters Institute.
  • Kalsnes, B., & Larsson, A. O., (2018). Understanding news sharing across social media. Journalism Studies, 19, 1669–1688.
  • Klinger, U. (2013). Mastering the art of social media. Information, Communication & Society, 16, 717–36.
  • Larsson, A.O. (2018). The news user on social media. Journalism Studies, 19, 2225–2242.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. California, USA: Sage.
  • Mitchelstein, E., Boczkowski, P.J., Tenenboim-Weinblatt, K, et al. (2020). Incidentality on a continuum: A comparative conceptualization of incidental news consumption. Journalism 21(8), 1136–1153.
  • Nahon, K., Hemsley, J., Walker, S., & Hussain, M. (2011). Fifteen minutes of fame: the power of blogs in the lifecycle of viral political information. Policy & Internet, 3, 6–33.
  • Nieborg, D. B., & Poell, T. (2018). The platformization of cultural production: theorizing the contingent cultural commodity. New Media & Society, 20, 4275–4292.
  • Pavlik, J. V. (2013). Yeni medya ve gazetecilik (M. Demir & B. Kalsın, Trans.). Ankara, Turkey: Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Pınarbaşı, T. E., & Astam, F. K. (2020). Haberin dönü(şü)mü: Sosyal medya gazeteciliği pratikleri, İNİF E- Dergi, 5(1), 70-87.
  • Poniewozik, J., Hess, A., Caramanica, J., et al. (2019). 48 Hours in the strange and beautiful world of TikTok. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/interac- tive/2019/10/10/arts/TIK-TOK.html.
  • Robert, A. D., & Boullaguet, A. (1997). Analyse de contenu. Paris, France: P.U.F.
  • Reuters Institute Digital News Report (2021). Reuters Institute Digital News Report. Retrieved from https://Reutersinstitute.Politics.Ox.Ac.Uk/Sites/Default/Files/2021-06/Digital_News_Report_2021_FINAL.Pdf.
  • Schmidt, C. (2019). Meet TikTok: How the Washington Post, NBC News, and The Dallas Morning News are using the of-the-moment platform. NiemanLab, Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2WsybF4.
  • Shearer, E., & Grieco, E. (2019). Americans are wary of the role social media sites in delivering the news. Washington, USA: Pew Research Center.
  • Shoemaker P. J. (2020). Gatekeeping and journalism. J. Nussbaum (Ed.). Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Statista (2021a). Forecast of the Number of TikTok users in Turkey from 2017 to 2025. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1142715/tiktok-users-in-turkey
  • Statista. (2021b). Number of social network users worldwide from 2017 to 2025. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/278414/number-of-worldwide-social-network-users/
  • Tavşancıl, E., & Aslan, E. (2001). Sözel, yazılı ve diğer materyaller için içerik analizi ve uygulama örnekleri. İstanbul, Turkey: Epsilon Yayınevi.
  • Vázquez-Herrero, J., Negreira-Rey, M. C., & López-García, X. (2020). Let’s dance the news! How the news media are adapting to the logic of TikTok. Journalism, 1-19.
  • Vázquez-Herrero, J., Negreira-Rey, M. C., & Rodríguez-Vázquez. A. I. (2021). Intersections between TikTok and TV: channels and programmes thinking outside the box. Journalism and Media (2), 1–13.
  • Vijay, D., & Gekker, A. (2021). Playing politics: how Sabarimala played out on TikTok. American Behavioral Scientist, 65 (5), 712-734.
  • Vis, F. (2013). Twitter as a reporting tool for breaking news: journalists tweeting the 2011 UK Riots. Digital Journalism, 1 (1), 27–47.
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2020). An emotional turn in journalism studies? Digital Journalism, 8, 175–94.
  • We are Social (2021). Digital Global Overview Report. Retrieved from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-turkey.
  • Welbers, K., & Opgenhaffen, M. (2019). Presenting news on social media. Digital Journalism 7(1), 45–62.
  • Xia, Y., Robinson, S., Zahay, M., & Freelon, D. (2020). The evolving journalistic roles on social media: Exploring ‘engagement’ as relationship-building between journalists and citizens. Journalism Practice, 14 (5), 556-573.
  • Zaffarano, F. (2019). TikTok without generational prejudice. Retrieved from https://www.niemanlab.org/2019/12/tiktok-without-generational-prejudice/.
  • Zhang, X., Wu, Y. & Liu, S. (2019). Exploring short-form video application addiction: socio-technical and attachment perspectives. Telematics and Informatics, 42, 101-243.
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Aysel Çetinkaya 0000-0003-2526-323X

Zeynep Dondurucu 0000-0002-2634-1001

Early Pub Date March 28, 2023
Publication Date March 29, 2023
Submission Date June 25, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 61

Cite

APA Çetinkaya, A., & Dondurucu, Z. (2023). Haber Üretim ve Dağıtım Pratikleri Bağlamında Tiktok Kullanımı. İletişim Kuram Ve Araştırma Dergisi(61), 79-97. https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1135661

Cited By

Yeni Bir Haber Mecrası Olarak TikTok Platformunun Değerlendirilmesi
Yeni Medya Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.55609/yenimedya.1426723
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