Mental Problems Experienced by Individuals Victims of War and Terrorism and Practices for these Problems

Abstract

The acts of war and terrorism, which have affected a large part of humanity in the world and in our country for many years, are social problems that have arisen by human hands, directly affecting the lives of innocent people, causing massive feelings of fear, anxiety and horror. Every conflict, every war causes irreparable problems in terms of physical, social, environmental and mental health, causing a great social crisis and trauma. Persons exposed to acts of war and terrorism are at risk for psychosocial effects such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder as well as physical injury. These events bring along various problems in many areas such as social life, economy and health, not only for those directly affected, but also for the whole society. It is possible to encounter psychological problems due to trauma in aid teams affected by these actions or in people who are exposed to the effects of related events through media and communication tools. There is no relationship between direct or remote exposure to the effects of war and terrorist acts and the severity of mental problems. In other words, it is known that mental problems occur in people who are directly exposed to these events, even in people who are spatially distant from these traumatic events. In this compilation article, it is aimed to examine the psychological effects of people who are exposed to acts of war and terrorism and the examples of interventions made for these problems by presenting them in the light of current information.

Keywords

• war
• terror
• mental health

Savaş ve Terör Mağduru Bireylerin Yaşadıkları Ruhsal Sorunlar ve Bu Sorunlara Yönelik Uygulamalar

Abstract

Uzun yıllardır dünyada ve ülkemizde insanlığın büyük bir kısmını etkileyen savaş ve terör eylemleri, masum insanların yaşamını doğrudan etkileyen, kitlesel açıdan korku, endişe ve dehşet duyguları yaşatan, insan eliyle ortaya çıkan toplumsal sorunlardır. Her çatışma, her savaş fiziksel, sosyal, çevresel ve ruhsal sağlık açısından onarılamaz sorunlara yol açarak büyük bir toplumsal kriz ve travmaya neden olur. Savaş ve terör eylemlerine maruz kalan kişiler fiziksel yaralanmanın yanı sıra kaygı, depresyon, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu gibi psikososyal etkiler açısından risk altındadır. Bu olaylar sadece doğrudan etkilenenler için değil toplumun tamamı için sosyal yaşam, ekonomi, sağlık gibi birçok alanda çeşitli sorunları beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu eylemler nedeniyle doğrudan etkilenen yardım ekiplerinde ya da ilgili olayların etkilerine medya ve iletişim araçları aracılığıyla maruz kalan kişilerde, travmaya bağlı ruhsal sorunlara rastlamak mümkündür. Savaşın ve terör eylemlerinin etkisine doğrudan ya da uzaktan maruz kalma ile ruhsal sorunların şiddeti arasında bir ilişki bulunmamaktadır. Yani bu travmatik olaylardan mekansal olarak uzakta olan kişiler de dahi olaylara direkt olarak maruz kalan kişilerde görülen ruhsal sorunların ortaya çıktığı bilinmektedir. Derleme niteliğindeki bu makalede, savaş ve terör eylemlerine maruz kalan kişilerin ruhsal açıdan etkilenme durumları ve bu sorunlara yönelik yapılan müdahalelere ilişkin örneklerin güncel bilgiler ışığında ortaya konarak irdelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Keywords

• savaş
• terör
• ruh sağlığı

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