Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetiminde Akupres Uygulamaları

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 77 - 81, 31.01.2021

Ayse Soylu Dilek Soylu Medet Korkmaz Ayşe Şahin

Abstract

Metabolik sendrom; insülin direnci, abdominal obezite, glikoz intoleransı, diyabetes mellitus, dislipidemi, hipertansiyon ve koroner arter hastalığını kapsayan sistemik bir endokrinopatidir. Metabolik sendrom tedavisinde tıbbi yöntemlerinin yanında kullanılan tamamlayıcı tedavi yöntemlerinden biri akuprestir. Akupres noninvaziv bir akupunktur yöntemidir. Konu ile ilgili çalışmalar incelendiğinde akupresin obez hastaların kilo vermesine yardımcı olduğu, hipertansiyonu kontrol ettiği, tip 2 diyabette kan glikoz düzeyini düşürdüğü ve dislipidemide trigliserit düzeyini azalttığına dair kanıtlar bulunmaktadır. Metabolik sendromla ilişkili yüksek riskli hastaları tespit etmek ve önleyici/koruyucu önlemler olarak tamamlayıcı tedavi yöntemlerini belirleyerek hemşirelik bakımını planlamak ve uygulamak oldukça önemlidir. Metabolik sendrom risk faktörlerinin önlenmesi ve kontrolünde akupresin etkisi konusunda yapılan randomize kontrollü çalışmalar sonucunda hemşirelik girişimlerinde bakıma yönelik kanıta dayalı uygulama örnekleri ortaya çıkabilir ve akupres uygulama rehberleri geliştirilerek hastalığın bileşenleri kontrol altına alınabilir.

Keywords

Metabolik sendrom, akupres, hemşirelik

Acupressure Applications in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a systemic endocrinopathy covering insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. Acupressure is one of the complementary treatment methods that is used in the treatment of metabolic syndrome in addition to medical approaches. Acupressure is a noninvasive acupuncture method. When the studies are investigated related to topic, there are some evidence related to the effect of acupressure on helping obese patients for losing weight, on controlling hypertension, on lowering blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes, and on decreasing triglyceride level in dyslipidemia. It is quite important to establish the high-risk patients associated with metabolic syndrome, and to plan and to implement nursing care by determining complementary treatment methods as preventive/protective measures. Evidence-based practice examples for care may emerge in nursing approaches as a result of randomized controlled studies conducted on the effect of acupressure in the prevention and control of the metabolic syndrome risk factors, and the components of the disease can be controlled by developing acupressure application guides.

Keywords

Metabolic syndrome, acupressure, nursing

References

• 1. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği Metabolik Sendrom Çalışma Grubu. Metabolik Sendrom Kılavuzu. 2009. Available from: http://temd.org.tr/admin/uploads/tbl_yayinlar/metabolik_sendrom.pdf.
• 2. Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: A joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for The Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009; 120(16):1640-5.
• 3. Soylu D, Ceyhan Ö & Kartın P. Böbrek Nakli Sonrası Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetiminde Hemşirelik Bakımı. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi. 2019; 28(1):60-65.
• 4. Sarafidis PA & Nilsson PM. The metabolic syndrome: A glance at its history. J Hypertens. 2006; 24(4):621-6.
• 5. Soleimani M. Dietary fructose, salt absorbtion and hypertension in metabolic syndrome: towards a new paradigm. Acta Physiol. 2011; 201:55- 62.
• 6. Beltrán-Sánchez H, Harhay MO, Harhay MM, & McElligott S. Prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome in the adult U.S. population, 1999- 2010. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013; 62(8):697-703.
• 7. Doğan EA. Metabolik Sendrom ve Metabolik Sendrom Bileşenlerinin Renal Hücreli Karsinomda Tümör Agresifliği Üzerine Etkisi [master’s thesis]. [Ankara]. Gazi Üniversitesi; 2019. 29 p.
• 8. Hossain P, Kawar B & El Nahas M. Obesity and diabetes in the developing world–a growing challenge. N Engl J Med. 2007; 356: 213– 215.
• 9. Kwon S. Association between abdominal obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in normal weight Korean women. Health Care Women Int. 2009 May;30(5):447-52.
• 10. Kozan O, Oguz A, Abaci A, Erol C, Ongen Z, Temizhan A, et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among Turkish adults. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007; 61(4):548-53.
• 11. Scuteri A, Laurent S, Cucca F, Cockcroft J, Cunha PG, Manas LR, et al. Metabolic syndrome across Europe: Different clusters of risk factors. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2015; 22(4):486-91.
• 12. PURE Türkiye Sağlık Çalışması 3. yıl analiz sonuçları. 2012. Available from: http://www.metsend.org/pdf/PUREmetsend.pdf
• 13. Onat A, Yuksel M, Koroglu B, Gumrukcuoglu HA, Aydin M, Cakmak H A, et al. Turkish Adult Risk Factor Study Survey 2012: Overall and coronary mortality and trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2013; 41(5):373-8.
• 14. Koyu E. Metabolik Sendromlu Hastalarda Düzenli Kefir Tüketiminin Metabolik Sendrom Parametreleri ve İnflamatuar Yanıta Etkisi Doktora tezi[doctoral thesis].[ Ankara]: Hacettepe Üniversitesi; 2018. 4 p.
• 15. Şen A. Obez ve metabolik sendromlu çocuk ve adolesan hastalarda mikronutrient seviyelerinin değerlendirilmesi ve metabolik sendrom bileşenleri ile ilişkisi[master’s thesis]. [Kayseri]: Erciyes Üniversitesi; 2016.
• 16. Hakverdioğlu G & Türk G. Acupressure. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2006; 43-47.
• 17. Sungur G, Tekinsoy P, Ceyhan Ö, Taşçı S, Şahin, S, Göriş S. Hemodiyaliz hastaların evde bakım gereksinimleri. Nefroloji Hemşireliği. 2009; 6(1- 2):17-21.
• 18. Sungur G, Kartın PT, Taşcı S, Ceyhan O, Göriş S. A qualitative study related to proble MetS experienced during chemotherapy and radiotherapy in women with breast cancer. EONS 7 Spring Convention,15-17 April 2010,The Netherlands, European Journal of Oncology Nursing Proceedings Book. 2010; 27.
• 19. Ceyhan Ö. The Effect of Acupressure on Cardiac Rhythm and Heart Rate Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The Relationship Between Heart Rate and Fatigue. Alternatıve Therapıes. 2019; Jan/Feb; 25 (1): 12-19.
• 20. Başer M & Taşçı S. Kanıta dayalı rehberleriyle tamamlayıcı ve destekleyici uygulamalar. Akademisyen tıp kitabevi. Ankara. 2015. s.205
• 21. Lin GH, Chang WC, Chen KJ, Tsai C, Hu SY, Chen LL. Effectiveness of Acupressure on the Taichong Acupoint in Lowering Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016; 1549658.
• 22. Soylu A. Atrial fibrilasyonlu hastalara uygulanan akupres’in bazı vital bulgular ve oksijen saturasyonuna etkisinin incelenmesi[master’s thesis]. [Gaziantep]: Sanko Üniversitesi; 2018. 1p.
• 23. Cha HS & Park H. Effects of auricular acupressure on Korean children who are obese. J Pediatr. 2020; 51:e57–e63.
• 24. Kendall DM. & Harmel AP. The metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: understanding the role of insulin resistance. Am J Managed Care. 2002; 8(20):635-53.
• 25. Xue F & Michels KB. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and breast cancer: a review of the current evidence. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86:823-35.
• 26. Jensen MD. Obesity. Goldman’s Cecil Medicine. Twenty-four edition. Edited by Goldman L, Schafer AI: 2015. p. 1409-1417.
• 27. Turk MW, Yang K, Hravnak M, Sereika SM, Ewing LJ, Burke E. Randomized clinical trials of weight loss maintenance: a review. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2009 Jan-Feb;24(1):58-80.
• 28. Hsieh CH, Su TJ, Fang YW, Chou PH. Efficacy of two different materials used in auricular ac.upressure on weight reduction and abdominal obesity. Am J Chin Med. 2012; 40(4):713-20.
• 29. Darbandi M, Darbandi S, Mobarhan MG, Owji AA, Zhao B, Iraji K, et all. Effects of auricular acupressure combined with low-calorie diet on the leptin hormone in obese and overweight Iranian individuals. Acupunct Med. 2012 Sep;30(3):208-13.
• 30. Elder CR, Gullion CM, Debar LL, Funk KL, Lindberg NM, Ritenbaugh C, et al. Randomized trial of tapas acupressure technique for weight loss maintenance, BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012 Mar 15;12:19.
• 31. Yeh ML, Chu NF, Hsu MY, Hsu CC, Chung YC. Acupoint Stimulation on Weight Reduction for Obesity: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Study. West J Nurs Res. 2015 Dec;37(12):1517-30.
• 32. Cha HS & Park H. Effects of auricular acupressure on obesity in adolescents. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2019 May; 35:316-322a.
• 33. Cha HS & Park H. Effects of auricular acupressure on Korean children who are obese. J Pediatr Nurs. 2020;51:e57–e63.
• 34. Huang CF, Guo SE, Chou FH. Auricular acupressure for overweight and obese individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Jun;98(26)
• 35. Pittler MH Ernst E. Complementary therapies for reducing body weight: a systematic review. Int J Obes (Lond). 2005 Sep;29(9):1030-8.
• 36. Cornier MA, Dabelea D, Hernandez TL, Lindstrom RC, Steig AJ, Stob NR., et al. The metabolic syndrome. Endocr Rev. 2008; 29(7):777-822.
• 37. Sullivan CA, Kahn SE, Fujimoto WY, Hayashi T, Leonetti DL, Boyko EJ. Change in intra-abdominal fat predicts the risk of hypertension in Japanese Americans. Hypertension. 2015; 66(1):134-40.
• 38. Zorad S, Fickova M, Zelezna B, Macho L, Kral JG. The role of angiotensin II and its receptors in regulation of adipose tissue metabolism and cellularity. Gen Physiol Biophys. 1995; 14(5):383-91
• 39. Mathieu P, Boulanger MC, Despres JP. Ectopic visceral fat: A clinical and molecular perspective on the cardiometabolic risk. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2014;15(4):289-98.
• 40. Hall JE, Carmo JM, Silva AA, Wang Z, Hall ME. Obesity-induced hypertension: Interaction of neurohumoral and renal mechanisMetS. Circ Res. 2015;116(6):991-1006.
• 41. Zheng LW, Chen Y, Chen F, Zhang P, Wu LF. Effect of acupressure on sleep quality of middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension, International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2014; 1: 334-338.
• 42. Yeh ML, Chang YC, Huang YH, Lee TY. A randomized controlled trial of auricular acupressure in heart rate variability and quality of life for hypertension, Complement Ther Med. 2015 Apr;23(2):200-9.
• 43. Gao J, Chen G, He H, Liu C, He Q, Li J, et al. The effect of auricular therapy on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2020 Jan;19(1):20-30.
• 44. Kaur J. A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome. Cardiol Res Pract. 2014;2014:943162.
• 45. Fitrullah, Rousdy A. Effectiveness of Acupressure at the Zusanli (ST-36) Acupoint as a Comfortable Treatment for Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study in Indonesia. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2017 Apr;10(2):96-103.
• 46. Bay R, Bay F. Combined therapy using acupressure therapy, hypnotherapy, and transcendental meditation versus placebo in type 2 diabetes. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2011 Sep; 4(3):183-6.
• 47. Liu CF, Yu LF, Lin CH, Lin SC. Effect of auricular pellet acupressure on antioxidative systeMetS in high-risk diabetes mellitus. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Apr;14(3):303-7.
• 48. Chuang SM, Lee CC, Lo WY, Hsieh CL. Effect of acupressure at Sanyinjiao on albuminuria in patients with early diabetic nephropathy: A single-blind, randomized, controlled preliminary study. Explore (NY). 2019 Sep 21.
• 49. Wang S, Chen Z, Fu P, Zang L, Wang L, Zhai X, et al. Use of auricular acupressure to improve the quality of life in diabetic patients with chronic kidney diseases: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014:343608.
• 50. Therond P. Catabolism of lipoproteins and metabolic syndrome. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009 Jul;12(4):366-71.