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Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma

Year 2016, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 01.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2016.25973

Abstract

ÖZ. Bu çalışmanın genel amacı, öğrencilerin erken dönemde sahip oldukları sesbilgisel bilgi ve becerilerinin, onların ileriki okuma ve okuduğunu anlama performansları üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesidir. Bu genel amaç doğrultusunda araştırmaya, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı anasınıflarında ve ilkokullarda öğrenim gören 85 öğrenci dâhil edilmiştir.  Bu çalışmada araştırma grubunda yer alan 85 öğrencinin anasıfında sahip oldukları sesbilgisel bilgi ve becerileri ile aynı grubun ilkokul birinci sınıf okuma ve okuduğunu anlama performansları karşılaştırılmıştır.  Çalışma içerisinde öğrencilerin sahip oldukları sesbilgisel bilgi ve becerilerin onların okuma ve okuduğunu anlama performansları üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla üç farklı değerlendirme aracı kullanılmıştır. Bunlar; öğrencilerin sesbilgisel farkındalık düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerini Değerlendirme Aracı, kelime okuma becerilerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan Kelime Okuma Değerlendirme Aracı ve okuma hızları ve doğrulukları ile okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan Metin Okuma ve Okuduğunu Anlama Becerileri Değerlendirme Aracıdır. Çalışma içerisinde yapılan tüm değerlendirmeler öğrencilerin kendi okullarında belirlenmiş bir ortamda yaklaşık 15-20 dakikalık bireysel oturumlarla yürütülmüştür. Yapılan değerlendirmelerden elde edilen tüm veriler iki faktörlü MANOVA, tek faktörlü varyans analizi (One-way ANOVA) ve Kruskal-Wallis H-Testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analizlerden elde edilen bulgulara genel olarak bakıldığında, iyi ve zayıf sesbilgisel bilgi ve becerilere sahip olan öğrenciler, okuma doğruluğu açısından benzer performans göstermişlerdir. Okuma hızı ve okuduğunu anlama performansları açısından ise iyi sesbilgisel bilgi ve becerilere sahip öğrenciler, zayıf olanlara göre daha iyi performans göstermişlerdir. Araştırmanın tartışma bölümünde, farklı sesbilgisel bilgi ve beceri düzeylerinden gelen öğrencilerde görülen okuma ve okuduğunu anlama performans farkları, yine onların sahip oldukları sesbilgisel bilgi ve beceriler temelinde ayrıntılı olarak tartışılmıştır. 

Anahtar sözcükler: Okuma, Okuduğunu anlama, Sesbilgisel farkındalık becerileri, Kelime okuma becerileri, Sesbilgisel okuma kuramı.

References

  • References/Kaynakça
  • Allington, R. L. (2006). Fluency: Still waiting after all these years. In S. J. Samuels & A. E. Farstrup (Eds.), What research has to say about fluency instruction (pp. 94-105). Washington, DC: International Reading Association.
  • Baydık, B. (2002). Okuma güçlüğü olan ve olmayan öğrencilerin sözcük okuma becerilerinin karşılaştırılması. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Cossu, G., Shankweiler, D., Liberman, I.Y. & Gugliotta, M. (1995). Visual and phonological determinants of misreadings in a transparent orthography. Reading and Writing, 7, 237–256. doi: 10.1007/BF02539523
  • Durgunoğlu, A., & Öney, B. (1999). A cross-linguistic compraison of phonological awareness and word recognition. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal 11, 281-299.
  • Durgunoğlu, A., & Öney, B. (2002). Phonological awareness in literacy acquisition: It’s not only for children. Scientific Studies of Reading, 6 (3), 245-266.
  • Ehri, L. C. (2002). Phases of acquisition in learning to read words and implications for teaching. In R. Stainthorp & P. Tomlinson (Eds.), Learning and teaching reading (pp. 7-28). London: British Journal of Educational Psychology Monograph Series II.
  • Ehri, L. C., Nunes, S. R., Stahl, S. A., & Willows, D. M. (2001). Systematic phonic instruction helps students learn to read: Evidence from the National Reading Panel’s meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 71, 393–447.
  • Erdoğan, Ö. (2009). İlköğretim birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin fonolojik farkındalık becerileri ile okuma ve yazma becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Frost, R. (1998). Toward a strong phonological theory of visual word recognition: True issues and false trials. Psychological Bulletin, 123, 71-99.
  • Frost, R. (2006). Becoming literate in Hebrew: The grain-size hypothesis and Semitic orthographic systems. Developmental Science, 9, 439-440. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00523.x
  • Fuchs, L., Fuchs, D., Hosp, M., & Jenkins, J. (2001). Oral reading fluency as an ındicator of reading competence: a theoretical, empirical, and historical analysis. Scientific Studies of Reading, 5(3), 239-256, doi: 10.1207/S1532799XSSR0503_3
  • Gough, P. B., & Tunmer, W.E. (1986). Decoding, reading and reading disability. Remedial and Special Education, 7, 6-10.
  • Güldenoğlu, B., Kargin, T., & Miller, P. (2012). İyi ve zayıf okuyucuların kelime işlemleme ve okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelenmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri (KUYEB), 12(4), 2807-2828.
  • Güzel, R. (1998). Alt özel sınıflardaki öğrencilerin sesli okudukları öyküyü anlama becerilerini kazanmalarında doğrudan öğretim yöntemiyle sunulan bireyselleştirilmiş okuduğunu anlama materyalinin etkililiği. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Hoover, W. A., & Gough, P. B. (1990). The simple view of reading. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2, 127–160.
  • Jackson, N. E., & Coltheart, M. (2001). Routes to reading success and failure: Toward an integrated cognitive psychology of atypical reading. Philadelphia, PA, US: Psychology.
  • Kjeldsen, A., Kärnä, A., Niemi, P., Olofsson A.,& Witting, K. (2014). Gains from training in phonological awareness in kindergarten predict reading comprehension in grade 9. Scientific Studies of Reading, 18(6), 452-467, doi:10.1080/10888438.2014.940080
  • Lewis. R. B., & Doorlag, D. H. (1983). Teaching special studies in mainstream. Ohio: Charles E. Merill Publishing Company.
  • Miller, P. (2004). Processing of written words by individuals with prelingual deafness. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47, 979-989.
  • Miller, P. (2006). What the processing of real words and pseudo-homophones tell about the development of orthographic knowledge in prelingually deafened individuals. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 11, 21-38.
  • Miller, P., Kargın, T., & Guldenoglu, B. (2012). Differences in the reading of shallow and deep orthography: Developmental evidence from Hebrew and Turkish readers. Journal of Research in Reading, 1-24. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9817.2012.01540.x
  • Moates, L. C. (2000). Speech top rint: Language essentials for teachers. Baltimore: Brookes.
  • Öney, B., & Durgunoglu, A. Y. (1997). Beginning to read in Turkish: A phonologically transparent orthography. Applied Psycholinguistics, 18, 1-15.
  • Paap, K. R., & Noel, R. W. (1991). Dual-route models of print to sound: Still a good horse race. Psychological-Research, 53, 13–24.
  • Perfetti, C. A. (1985). Reading ability. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Peynircioğlu, Z. F., Durgunoğlu, A., & Öney, B. (2002). Phonological awareness and musical aptitude. Journal of Research in Reading, 25, 68-80.
  • Rakhlin, N., Cardoso-Martins, C., & Grigorenko, E. (2014). Phonemic awareness ıs a more ımportant predictor of orthographic processing than rapid serial naming: evidence from Russian. Scientific Studies of Reading, 18(6), 395-414, doi:10.1080/10888438.2014.918981
  • Raman, İ. (2006). On the age-of-acquisition effects in word naming and orthographic transparency: Mapping specific or universal? Visiual cognition, 13 (7), 1044-1053.
  • Raman, İ., & Weekes, B. S. (2005). Deep dysgraphia in Turkish. Behavioural Neurology, 16, 59-69.
  • Raman, İ., Baluch, B., & Besner, D. (2004). On the control of visual word recognition: Changing routes versus changing deadlines. Memory & Cognition, 32 (3), 489-500.
  • Ramus, F., Pidgeon, E., & Frith, U. (2003). The relationship between motor control and phonology in dyslexic children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44, 712–722.
  • Report of the National Reading Panel. (2000). Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction (NIH Publication No. 00-4769). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
  • Ross, A. O. (1976). Psychological aspects of learning disabilities and reading disorders. NY: MacGraw-Hill Book Company.
  • Samuels, S. J., & Farstrup, A. (2006). Reading fluency: The forgotten dimension of reading success. Newark: International Reading Association.
  • Schatschneider, C., Carlson, C., Francis, D., Foorman, B., & Fletcher, J. (2002). Relationship of rapid automatized naming and phonological awareness in early reading development: Implications for the double-deficit hypothesis. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 35, 245-256, doi:10.1177/002221940203500306.
  • Schiff, R., Schwartz, S., & Nagar, R. (2011). Effect of phonological and morphological awareness on reading comprehension in Hebrew-speaking adolescents with reading disabilities. Annual of Dyslexia, 61, 44–63.
  • Share, D. L. (1995). Phonological recoding and self-teaching: Sine qua non of reading acquisition. Cognition, 55, 151-218.
  • Shaywitz, S.,& Shaywitz, B. (2005). Dyslexia (Specific reading disability). Society of Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1301–1309. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.043
  • Snow, C. E., Burns, M. S., & Griffin, P. (1998). Preventing reading difficulties in young children. Washington, DC: National Academic Press.
  • Spencer, L.H. & Hanley, J.R. (2003). The effects of orthographic consistency on reading development and phonological awareness in children learning to read in Wales. British Journal of Psychology, 94, 1–28. doi:10.1348/000712603762842075
  • Stanovich, K. E. (2000). Progress in understanding reading: Scientific foundations and new frontiers. New York: Guilford.
  • Therrien, W. J. (2004). Fluency and comprehension gains as a result of repeated reading: A meta-analysis. Remedial and Special Education, 25(4), 252-61.
  • Torgesen, J. K. (1999). Phonologically based reading disabilities: Toward a coherent theory of one kind of learning disability. In R. J. Sternberg & L. Spear-Swerling (Eds.), Perspectives on learning disabilities (pp. 231–262). New Haven: Westview.
  • Troia, G. (2004). Phonological processing and its influence on literacy learning. In C. Stone, E. Silliman, B. Ehren, & K. Appel (Eds.), Handbook of language and literacy: Development and disorders (pp. 271–301). New York: Guilford.
  • Tunmer, W. E. (2008). Recent developments in reading intervention research: Introduction to special issue. Reading and Writing, 21, 299-316. doi: 10.1007/s11145-007-9108-4.
  • Vellutino, F. R., Fletcher, J. M., Snowling, M. J., & Scanlon, D. M. (2004). Specific reading disability (dyslexia): What have we learned in the past four decades?. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 2–40.
  • Wimmer, H. & Hummer, P. (1990). How German-speaking first graders read and spell: Doubts on the importance of the logographic stage. Applied Psycholinguistics, 11, 349–368. doi: 10.1017/S0142716400009620
  • Young-Suk, K., Richard, W., & Danielle, L. (2012). Developmental relations between reading fluency and reading comprehension: A longitudinal study from Grade 1 to Grade 2. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 113 (1), 93-111.
  • Zaretsky, E., Kraljevic, J.K., Core, C. & Lencek, M. (2009). Literacy predictors and early reading and spelling skills as a factor of orthography: Cross-linguistic evidence. Written Language & Literacy, 12, 52–81. doi:10.1075/wll.12.1.03zar
  • Ziegler, J. C., & Goswami, U. (2005). Reading acquisition, developmental dyslexia, and skilled reading across languages: A psycholinguistic grain size theory. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 3-29. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.3
  • Ziegler, J. C., & Goswami, U. (2006). Becoming literate in different languages: Similar problems, different solutions. Developmental Science, 9 (5), 429–436.
Year 2016, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 01.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2016.25973

Abstract

References

  • References/Kaynakça
  • Allington, R. L. (2006). Fluency: Still waiting after all these years. In S. J. Samuels & A. E. Farstrup (Eds.), What research has to say about fluency instruction (pp. 94-105). Washington, DC: International Reading Association.
  • Baydık, B. (2002). Okuma güçlüğü olan ve olmayan öğrencilerin sözcük okuma becerilerinin karşılaştırılması. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Cossu, G., Shankweiler, D., Liberman, I.Y. & Gugliotta, M. (1995). Visual and phonological determinants of misreadings in a transparent orthography. Reading and Writing, 7, 237–256. doi: 10.1007/BF02539523
  • Durgunoğlu, A., & Öney, B. (1999). A cross-linguistic compraison of phonological awareness and word recognition. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal 11, 281-299.
  • Durgunoğlu, A., & Öney, B. (2002). Phonological awareness in literacy acquisition: It’s not only for children. Scientific Studies of Reading, 6 (3), 245-266.
  • Ehri, L. C. (2002). Phases of acquisition in learning to read words and implications for teaching. In R. Stainthorp & P. Tomlinson (Eds.), Learning and teaching reading (pp. 7-28). London: British Journal of Educational Psychology Monograph Series II.
  • Ehri, L. C., Nunes, S. R., Stahl, S. A., & Willows, D. M. (2001). Systematic phonic instruction helps students learn to read: Evidence from the National Reading Panel’s meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 71, 393–447.
  • Erdoğan, Ö. (2009). İlköğretim birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin fonolojik farkındalık becerileri ile okuma ve yazma becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Frost, R. (1998). Toward a strong phonological theory of visual word recognition: True issues and false trials. Psychological Bulletin, 123, 71-99.
  • Frost, R. (2006). Becoming literate in Hebrew: The grain-size hypothesis and Semitic orthographic systems. Developmental Science, 9, 439-440. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00523.x
  • Fuchs, L., Fuchs, D., Hosp, M., & Jenkins, J. (2001). Oral reading fluency as an ındicator of reading competence: a theoretical, empirical, and historical analysis. Scientific Studies of Reading, 5(3), 239-256, doi: 10.1207/S1532799XSSR0503_3
  • Gough, P. B., & Tunmer, W.E. (1986). Decoding, reading and reading disability. Remedial and Special Education, 7, 6-10.
  • Güldenoğlu, B., Kargin, T., & Miller, P. (2012). İyi ve zayıf okuyucuların kelime işlemleme ve okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelenmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri (KUYEB), 12(4), 2807-2828.
  • Güzel, R. (1998). Alt özel sınıflardaki öğrencilerin sesli okudukları öyküyü anlama becerilerini kazanmalarında doğrudan öğretim yöntemiyle sunulan bireyselleştirilmiş okuduğunu anlama materyalinin etkililiği. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Hoover, W. A., & Gough, P. B. (1990). The simple view of reading. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2, 127–160.
  • Jackson, N. E., & Coltheart, M. (2001). Routes to reading success and failure: Toward an integrated cognitive psychology of atypical reading. Philadelphia, PA, US: Psychology.
  • Kjeldsen, A., Kärnä, A., Niemi, P., Olofsson A.,& Witting, K. (2014). Gains from training in phonological awareness in kindergarten predict reading comprehension in grade 9. Scientific Studies of Reading, 18(6), 452-467, doi:10.1080/10888438.2014.940080
  • Lewis. R. B., & Doorlag, D. H. (1983). Teaching special studies in mainstream. Ohio: Charles E. Merill Publishing Company.
  • Miller, P. (2004). Processing of written words by individuals with prelingual deafness. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47, 979-989.
  • Miller, P. (2006). What the processing of real words and pseudo-homophones tell about the development of orthographic knowledge in prelingually deafened individuals. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 11, 21-38.
  • Miller, P., Kargın, T., & Guldenoglu, B. (2012). Differences in the reading of shallow and deep orthography: Developmental evidence from Hebrew and Turkish readers. Journal of Research in Reading, 1-24. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9817.2012.01540.x
  • Moates, L. C. (2000). Speech top rint: Language essentials for teachers. Baltimore: Brookes.
  • Öney, B., & Durgunoglu, A. Y. (1997). Beginning to read in Turkish: A phonologically transparent orthography. Applied Psycholinguistics, 18, 1-15.
  • Paap, K. R., & Noel, R. W. (1991). Dual-route models of print to sound: Still a good horse race. Psychological-Research, 53, 13–24.
  • Perfetti, C. A. (1985). Reading ability. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Peynircioğlu, Z. F., Durgunoğlu, A., & Öney, B. (2002). Phonological awareness and musical aptitude. Journal of Research in Reading, 25, 68-80.
  • Rakhlin, N., Cardoso-Martins, C., & Grigorenko, E. (2014). Phonemic awareness ıs a more ımportant predictor of orthographic processing than rapid serial naming: evidence from Russian. Scientific Studies of Reading, 18(6), 395-414, doi:10.1080/10888438.2014.918981
  • Raman, İ. (2006). On the age-of-acquisition effects in word naming and orthographic transparency: Mapping specific or universal? Visiual cognition, 13 (7), 1044-1053.
  • Raman, İ., & Weekes, B. S. (2005). Deep dysgraphia in Turkish. Behavioural Neurology, 16, 59-69.
  • Raman, İ., Baluch, B., & Besner, D. (2004). On the control of visual word recognition: Changing routes versus changing deadlines. Memory & Cognition, 32 (3), 489-500.
  • Ramus, F., Pidgeon, E., & Frith, U. (2003). The relationship between motor control and phonology in dyslexic children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44, 712–722.
  • Report of the National Reading Panel. (2000). Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction (NIH Publication No. 00-4769). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
  • Ross, A. O. (1976). Psychological aspects of learning disabilities and reading disorders. NY: MacGraw-Hill Book Company.
  • Samuels, S. J., & Farstrup, A. (2006). Reading fluency: The forgotten dimension of reading success. Newark: International Reading Association.
  • Schatschneider, C., Carlson, C., Francis, D., Foorman, B., & Fletcher, J. (2002). Relationship of rapid automatized naming and phonological awareness in early reading development: Implications for the double-deficit hypothesis. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 35, 245-256, doi:10.1177/002221940203500306.
  • Schiff, R., Schwartz, S., & Nagar, R. (2011). Effect of phonological and morphological awareness on reading comprehension in Hebrew-speaking adolescents with reading disabilities. Annual of Dyslexia, 61, 44–63.
  • Share, D. L. (1995). Phonological recoding and self-teaching: Sine qua non of reading acquisition. Cognition, 55, 151-218.
  • Shaywitz, S.,& Shaywitz, B. (2005). Dyslexia (Specific reading disability). Society of Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1301–1309. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.043
  • Snow, C. E., Burns, M. S., & Griffin, P. (1998). Preventing reading difficulties in young children. Washington, DC: National Academic Press.
  • Spencer, L.H. & Hanley, J.R. (2003). The effects of orthographic consistency on reading development and phonological awareness in children learning to read in Wales. British Journal of Psychology, 94, 1–28. doi:10.1348/000712603762842075
  • Stanovich, K. E. (2000). Progress in understanding reading: Scientific foundations and new frontiers. New York: Guilford.
  • Therrien, W. J. (2004). Fluency and comprehension gains as a result of repeated reading: A meta-analysis. Remedial and Special Education, 25(4), 252-61.
  • Torgesen, J. K. (1999). Phonologically based reading disabilities: Toward a coherent theory of one kind of learning disability. In R. J. Sternberg & L. Spear-Swerling (Eds.), Perspectives on learning disabilities (pp. 231–262). New Haven: Westview.
  • Troia, G. (2004). Phonological processing and its influence on literacy learning. In C. Stone, E. Silliman, B. Ehren, & K. Appel (Eds.), Handbook of language and literacy: Development and disorders (pp. 271–301). New York: Guilford.
  • Tunmer, W. E. (2008). Recent developments in reading intervention research: Introduction to special issue. Reading and Writing, 21, 299-316. doi: 10.1007/s11145-007-9108-4.
  • Vellutino, F. R., Fletcher, J. M., Snowling, M. J., & Scanlon, D. M. (2004). Specific reading disability (dyslexia): What have we learned in the past four decades?. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 2–40.
  • Wimmer, H. & Hummer, P. (1990). How German-speaking first graders read and spell: Doubts on the importance of the logographic stage. Applied Psycholinguistics, 11, 349–368. doi: 10.1017/S0142716400009620
  • Young-Suk, K., Richard, W., & Danielle, L. (2012). Developmental relations between reading fluency and reading comprehension: A longitudinal study from Grade 1 to Grade 2. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 113 (1), 93-111.
  • Zaretsky, E., Kraljevic, J.K., Core, C. & Lencek, M. (2009). Literacy predictors and early reading and spelling skills as a factor of orthography: Cross-linguistic evidence. Written Language & Literacy, 12, 52–81. doi:10.1075/wll.12.1.03zar
  • Ziegler, J. C., & Goswami, U. (2005). Reading acquisition, developmental dyslexia, and skilled reading across languages: A psycholinguistic grain size theory. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 3-29. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.3
  • Ziegler, J. C., & Goswami, U. (2006). Becoming literate in different languages: Similar problems, different solutions. Developmental Science, 9 (5), 429–436.
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Birkan Güldenoğlu

Tevhide Kargın

Cevriye Ergül

Publication Date January 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Güldenoğlu, B., Kargın, T., & Ergül, C. (2016). Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma. İlköğretim Online, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2016.25973
AMA Güldenoğlu B, Kargın T, Ergül C. Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma. İOO. January 2016;15(1). doi:10.17051/io.2016.25973
Chicago Güldenoğlu, Birkan, Tevhide Kargın, and Cevriye Ergül. “Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma Ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma”. İlköğretim Online 15, no. 1 (January 2016). https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2016.25973.
EndNote Güldenoğlu B, Kargın T, Ergül C (January 1, 2016) Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma. İlköğretim Online 15 1
IEEE B. Güldenoğlu, T. Kargın, and C. Ergül, “Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma”, İOO, vol. 15, no. 1, 2016, doi: 10.17051/io.2016.25973.
ISNAD Güldenoğlu, Birkan et al. “Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma Ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma”. İlköğretim Online 15/1 (January 2016). https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2016.25973.
JAMA Güldenoğlu B, Kargın T, Ergül C. Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma. İOO. 2016;15. doi:10.17051/io.2016.25973.
MLA Güldenoğlu, Birkan et al. “Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma Ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma”. İlköğretim Online, vol. 15, no. 1, 2016, doi:10.17051/io.2016.25973.
Vancouver Güldenoğlu B, Kargın T, Ergül C. Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Becerilerinin Okuma ve Okuduğunu Anlama Üzerindeki Etkisi: Boylamsal Bir Çalışma. İOO. 2016;15(1).