EN
TR
Citing Poetry as Evidence (Istishhād) in al-Ṭabarī’s Tahdhīb al-Āthār
Abstract
The occurrence of ambiguous or infrequently used lexical items within ḥadīth texts paved the way for the emergence of gharīb al-ḥadīth as an independent discipline among Islamic sciences. The subject of this study is the method of istishhād (citation as evidence) via poetry employed by al-Ṭabarī in his work Tahdhīb al-āthār while explaining gharīb words, even though he did not author an independent work on gharīb al-ḥadīth. The central problematic of the research is to determine whether al-Ṭabarī used poetry in his ḥadīth commentary merely as a simple tool to provide the lexical meaning of the obscure word, or as evidence that also considers the historical context of the ḥadīth. Aiming to analyze al-Ṭabarī’s philological approach and his method of using poetry as ḥujjah (authoritative proof), this study is significant in terms of elucidating the role of linguistic references in confirming meaning and their epistemological place in ḥadīth methodology within classical Islamic thought. In this study, which employs the document analysis technique of qualitative research methods, samples selected from the poetry of the Jāhiliyyah, Islamic, and Umayyad periods found in the work were analyzed using the inductive method. The hypothesis of the research is that al-Ṭabarī positioned poetry not merely as a linguistic explanatory tool, but as epistemological evidence (ḥujjah) that confirms the accuracy of the meaning and supports the authenticity of the narration. Consequently, it has been determined that al-Ṭabarī developed an interdisciplinary methodology between ḥadīth and literary sciences by effectively using poetic context in the explanation of gharīb words.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
Arabic Language and Rhetoric , Hadith
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
December 26, 2025
Submission Date
October 24, 2025
Acceptance Date
December 22, 2025
Published in Issue
Year 1970 Volume: 10 Number: 3
