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Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği 2016 Göç Mutabakatı: Son Durum ve Güncellenme Tartışmaları

Year 2024, Issue: 14, 101 - 124, 17.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.1400922

Abstract

18 Mart 2016 yılında imzalanan Avrupa Birliği (AB)-Türkiye Göç Mutabakatı yedinci yılını çoktan doldurdu. Ancak hali hazırda mutabakat, istenilen sonucu vermekten uzak haldedir. Mutabakatın imzalanmadan kısa süre önce 2015 Göç Krizini deneyimleyen AB, bu tecrübeyi tekrar yaşamamak saikiyle; Türkiye ise uzun süredir sürüncemede olan AB üyeliğine ivme kazandırmak niyetiyle böylesi bir mutabakatı onaylamıştır. Ancak çok uzun süre geçmeden, mutabakatın iki taraf içinde beklentileri karşılamadığı anlaşılmıştır. Türkiye, sınırları içinde yaşayan oldukça fazla sayıda geçici koruma statüsündeki kişiyi misafir etmekte AB’den talep ettiklerini alamadığı gerekçesiyle vazgeçebileceğini sıklıkla dile getirmektedir. Diğer taraftan AB ise, Türkiye’ye verdiği sözleri kendince yerine getirdiğini savunmaktadır. Çıkmaza girmiş gibi görünen bu mutabakatın çift taraflı diplomatik yanlış anlaşılmalar içerdiğini söylemek mümkündür. Durma noktasına gelen Türkiye’nin AB üyeliği konusunun, AB ile Türkiye’nin göç konusunda anlaşma yapma zorunluluğuna etki etmemesi beklenmektedir. Öyle ki, 2011 Arap Baharı sonrası ortaya çıkan göç hareketliliğinde Türkiye ve AB ülkeleri kilit konumdadır. Çalışma, AB-Türkiye Göç Mutabakatının yeniden ve her iki taraf için de gerçekçi bir zemin ile tekrar oluşturulması gerekliliğinin önemini savunmaktadır.

References

  • AB-Türkiye Mülteci Mutabakatı’na Yeniden Bakış. (2023). Türkiye Ekonomi Politikaları Araştırma Vakfı. https://www.tepav.org.tr/tr/haberler/s/10534 (Erişim: 05.12.2023).
  • Adamson, F. B. (2023). Re‐Spatialising Migration Governance: From ‘Multi‐Level’to ‘Entangled’, International Migration, 61(6), 3-14.
  • Adar, S., Püttman F. (2022). Making EU-Turkey Cooperation on Migration Sustainable-A Greater Focus on the Turkish Host Society Is Required, SWP Comment. https://www.swp-berlin.org/en/publication/making-eu-turkey-cooperationon-migration-sustainable (Erişim: 04.09.2023).
  • Albanese, D. (2021). The Renewal of the EU–Turkey Migration Deal. Milan, Italy; ISPI. https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/renewal-EU–turkey-migration-deal-30509
  • Amnesty International. (2016, 3 Haziran). Turkey: No safe refuge: Asylum-seekers and refugees denied effective protection in Turkey, https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur44/3825/2016/en/ (Erişim: 21.11.2023).
  • Baracani, E., Sarotto, V. (2023). The European Commission’s Role In EU–Turkey Migration: Political Leadership Through Strategic Framing, West European Politics, 46(3), 573-599.
  • Barber, S. S. (2020). Collective Assistance or Collective Negligence? The EU-Turkey Statement and the EU’s Legacy of Migration Policy Externalization, Doctoral Dissertation, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
  • Casaglia, A., Pacciardi, A. (2022). A Close Look at the EU–Turkey Deal: The Language of Border Externalization, Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 40(8), 1659-1676.
  • Collett, E. (2016). The Paradox of the EU-Turkey Refugee Deal, https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/paradox-eu-turkey-refugee-deal (Erişim: 02.09.2023).
  • Dagi, D. (2020). The EU–Turkey Migration Deal: Performance and Prospects, European Foreign Affairs Review, 25(2).
  • Der Spiegel. (2015, 21 Eylül). Mother Angela: Merkel’s Refugee Policy Divides Europe, http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/refugee-policy-ofchancellor-merkel-divides-europe-a-1053603.html
  • Donelli, F. (2018). Syrian Refugees in Turkey: A Security Perspective, New England Journal of Public Policy, 30(2), 1-9.
  • Dora, Z. K. (2020). Turkey-EU Relations in Context Of Syrian Crisis: Readmission Agreement And Visa Liberalization, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (32), 100-112.
  • Erdoğan, M. M. (2017). Syrians Barometer, A Framework for Achieving Social Cohesion with Syrians in Turkey, Anatoli. De l’Adriatique à la Caspienne. Territoires, Politique, Sociétés, (9), 13-30.

TÜRKİYE-EUROPEAN UNION 2016 MIGRATION DEAL: LATEST SITUATION AND UPDATE DISCUSSIONS

Year 2024, Issue: 14, 101 - 124, 17.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.1400922

Abstract

The European Union (EU)-Türkiye Migration Deal signed on March 18, 2016, is already more than seven years old. However, now, the deal is far from giving the desired result. The EU, which experienced the migration crisis of 2015 shortly before the deal was signed, approved the agreement with the aim of not reliving this experience again; and Türkiye approved the agreement to accelerate its long-delayed EU membership. However, before too long, it became clear that the deal did not meet the expectations of the two parties. Türkiye often expresses that it may refuse to host many temporary protected persons living within its borders because it cannot receive what it demands from the EU. On the other hand, the EU maintains that it has fulfilled its promises to Türkiye in its way. It is possible to say that this deal, seems to have reached an impasse and includes a bilateral diplomatic misunderstanding. It is expected that the issue of Türkiye's EU membership, which has come to a standstill, will not affect the obligation of the EU and Türkiye to agree on migration. So much so that Türkiye and EU countries are in key positions in the migration mobility that emerged after the Arab Spring of 2011. The study advocates the importance of updating the EU-Türkiye Migration Deal and the need to re-establish it with a realistic basis for both sides.

References

  • AB-Türkiye Mülteci Mutabakatı’na Yeniden Bakış. (2023). Türkiye Ekonomi Politikaları Araştırma Vakfı. https://www.tepav.org.tr/tr/haberler/s/10534 (Erişim: 05.12.2023).
  • Adamson, F. B. (2023). Re‐Spatialising Migration Governance: From ‘Multi‐Level’to ‘Entangled’, International Migration, 61(6), 3-14.
  • Adar, S., Püttman F. (2022). Making EU-Turkey Cooperation on Migration Sustainable-A Greater Focus on the Turkish Host Society Is Required, SWP Comment. https://www.swp-berlin.org/en/publication/making-eu-turkey-cooperationon-migration-sustainable (Erişim: 04.09.2023).
  • Albanese, D. (2021). The Renewal of the EU–Turkey Migration Deal. Milan, Italy; ISPI. https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/renewal-EU–turkey-migration-deal-30509
  • Amnesty International. (2016, 3 Haziran). Turkey: No safe refuge: Asylum-seekers and refugees denied effective protection in Turkey, https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur44/3825/2016/en/ (Erişim: 21.11.2023).
  • Baracani, E., Sarotto, V. (2023). The European Commission’s Role In EU–Turkey Migration: Political Leadership Through Strategic Framing, West European Politics, 46(3), 573-599.
  • Barber, S. S. (2020). Collective Assistance or Collective Negligence? The EU-Turkey Statement and the EU’s Legacy of Migration Policy Externalization, Doctoral Dissertation, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
  • Casaglia, A., Pacciardi, A. (2022). A Close Look at the EU–Turkey Deal: The Language of Border Externalization, Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 40(8), 1659-1676.
  • Collett, E. (2016). The Paradox of the EU-Turkey Refugee Deal, https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/paradox-eu-turkey-refugee-deal (Erişim: 02.09.2023).
  • Dagi, D. (2020). The EU–Turkey Migration Deal: Performance and Prospects, European Foreign Affairs Review, 25(2).
  • Der Spiegel. (2015, 21 Eylül). Mother Angela: Merkel’s Refugee Policy Divides Europe, http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/refugee-policy-ofchancellor-merkel-divides-europe-a-1053603.html
  • Donelli, F. (2018). Syrian Refugees in Turkey: A Security Perspective, New England Journal of Public Policy, 30(2), 1-9.
  • Dora, Z. K. (2020). Turkey-EU Relations in Context Of Syrian Crisis: Readmission Agreement And Visa Liberalization, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (32), 100-112.
  • Erdoğan, M. M. (2017). Syrians Barometer, A Framework for Achieving Social Cohesion with Syrians in Turkey, Anatoli. De l’Adriatique à la Caspienne. Territoires, Politique, Sociétés, (9), 13-30.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects European Union-Turkiye Relations, International Migration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Buket Ökten Sipahioğlu 0000-0003-3815-6732

Publication Date July 17, 2024
Submission Date December 6, 2023
Acceptance Date February 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 14

Cite

APA Ökten Sipahioğlu, B. (2024). Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği 2016 Göç Mutabakatı: Son Durum ve Güncellenme Tartışmaları. İmgelem(14), 101-124. https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.1400922