Research Article

Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182

Volume: 11 Number: 2 October 12, 2026
TR EN

Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182

Abstract

According to the “Child Labour Survey” published by TÜİK in 2019, “the number of children between the ages of 5 and 17 who were engaged in economic activity across Türkiye was identified as 720,000”. The fact that 63.3% of these children were employed as wage earners indicates that child labour is not confined solely to the informal sector, but has also reached a considerable level within formal employment. As emphasized in “the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, efforts aimed at eliminating “all forms of child labour” continue to be of critical importance. Within this framework, the present study examines the restrictions introduced under the ILO Conventions No. 138 and No. 182, both of which have been ratified by Türkiye, with regard to the minimum age of employment and the types of work in which children may be lawfully employed. In this context, the concepts of “child” and “child labourer” are addressed first, followed by an analysis of the minimum age of employment and the categories of work prohibited for child workers. Although the implementation of numerous projects aimed at combating child labour in Türkiye constitutes a positive development, it remains necessary to reassess the existing legal framework in line with contemporary needs. Indeed, the National Employment Strategy (2025–2028) explicitly states that, as of 2026, the necessary revisions to the legislation governing the employment of child and young workers will be undertaken. Accordingly, this study seeks to put forward several proposals concerning the legislative amendments deemed necessary.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Law and Humanities

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

October 12, 2026

Submission Date

February 11, 2026

Acceptance Date

May 8, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 11 Number: 2

APA
Çalışkan Yıldırım, A. (2026). Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 1839-1878. https://doi.org/10.58733/imhfd.1886741
AMA
1.Çalışkan Yıldırım A. Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026;11(2):1839-1878. doi:10.58733/imhfd.1886741
Chicago
Çalışkan Yıldırım, Aslı. 2026. “Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182”. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11 (2): 1839-78. https://doi.org/10.58733/imhfd.1886741.
EndNote
Çalışkan Yıldırım A (October 1, 2026) Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11 2 1839–1878.
IEEE
[1]A. Çalışkan Yıldırım, “Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182”, İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 1839–1878, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.58733/imhfd.1886741.
ISNAD
Çalışkan Yıldırım, Aslı. “Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182”. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11/2 (October 1, 2026): 1839-1878. https://doi.org/10.58733/imhfd.1886741.
JAMA
1.Çalışkan Yıldırım A. Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026;11:1839–1878.
MLA
Çalışkan Yıldırım, Aslı. “Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182”. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 2, Oct. 2026, pp. 1839-78, doi:10.58733/imhfd.1886741.
Vancouver
1.Aslı Çalışkan Yıldırım. Minimum Age Limitations for Child Labour in Türkiye in Light of ILO Conventions No. 138 and 182. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026 Oct. 1;11(2):1839-78. doi:10.58733/imhfd.1886741