Afet Sonrası Kültürel Miras Yönetimi: 6 Şubat 2023 Hatay Depremi Örneğinde Toplumsal Bellek ve Kimliğin Yeniden İnşası

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 222 - 241, 30.06.2025

Sonyel Oflazoğlu Dora , Metin Dora

https://doi.org/10.54282/inijoss.1642521

Abstract

6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Hatay'da meydana gelen deprem, bölgenin zengin kültürel mirasını derinden etkilemiştir. Bu çalışma, deprem sonrasında kültürel mirasın, toplumsal belleği canlandırma ve kimliği yeniden inşa etme potansiyelini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Zengin bir kültürel çeşitliliğe ev sahipliği yapan Hatay'ın deprem öncesi farklı dinsel ve etnik kökenlere ait ritüellerin ve somut kültürel miras öğelerinin bir temsili olması, felaket sonrası yaşanan göç, kurtulanların eski normale olan uzaklıkları, kolektif kimliğin zedelenmesi ve kaybolan bellek-mekan ilişkisi bu çalışmayı gerekli kılmıştır. Çalışmada kültürel miras öğelerinin deprem sonrasında geçmiş ve gelecek arasında bir köprü görevi görerek toplumsal bellek ve kimliğin yeniden inşasındaki rolü ve toplumsal iyileşmedeki katkısına ilişkin değerlendirmeler; saha gözlemleri, katılımcı gözlem, yayınlanmış raporlar ve akademik çalışmalar ile teorik bir tartışma çerçevesinde sunulmuştur. Bu kapsamda somut/soyut kültürel miras değerlerinin deprem sonrası genel durumu değerlendirmiş ve toplumsal iyileşme sürecindeki kritik rolü ortaya koymaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, somut/soyut kültürel miras değerlerinin toplumsal belleğin korunması ve kimlik inşası sürecinde önemli bir araç olabileceği, ancak bunun için kapsamlı bir koruma ve yönetim stratejisine ihtiyaç duyulduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu kapsamda afet sonrası kültürel miras yönetimi politikalarının geliştirilmesine ve kültürel miras değerlerinin toplumsal iyileşmedeki rolünün afet sonrası toparlanma stratejilerine entegre edilmesi yönünde alternatif önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, afet sonrası toplumsal iyileşme süreçlerinde kültürel mirasın korunması ve yaşatılmasının, sadece fiziksel yapıların restorasyonu değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal kimliğin ve kolektif belleğin yeniden inşası için de hayati önem taşıdığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Somut-soyut kültürel miras, Toplumsal bellek, Kimlik inşası, Afet yönetimi, Toplumsal İyileşme.

Cultural Heritage Management After Disasters: Reconstruction Of Social Memory And Identity in The Case Of The February 6, 2023 Hatay Earthquake

Abstract

The earthquake of February 6, 2023, in Hatay deeply affected the rich cultural heritage of the region. This study aims to examine the potential of cultural heritage to revitalize social memory and reconstruct identity after the earthquake. The fact that Hatay, which hosted a rich cultural diversity and was a representation of rituals and tangible cultural heritage items belonging to different religious and ethnic origins before the earthquake, experienced migration after the disaster, distanced survivors from their old normal, damaged the collective identity, and lost the memory-space relationship, necessitated this study. In the study, evaluations on the role of cultural heritage items in the reconstruction of social memory and identity by acting as a bridge between the past and the future after the earthquake and their contribution to social recovery are presented within the framework of field observations, participant observation, published reports, academic studies, and a theoretical discussion. In this context, the general situation of tangible/intangible cultural heritage values after the earthquake was evaluated, and its critical role in the social recovery process was revealed. As a result of the study, it is revealed that tangible/intangible cultural heritage values can be an important tool in the process of preserving social memory and identity construction, but a comprehensive protection and management strategy is needed for this. In this context, alternative suggestions have been made for developing post-disaster cultural heritage management policies and integrating the role of cultural heritage values in social recovery into post-disaster recovery strategies. The findings of this study demonstrate that preserving and sustaining cultural heritage in post-disaster social healing processes is vital not only for the restoration of physical structures but also for the reconstruction of social identity and collective memory.

Keywords

Tangible-intangible cultural heritage, Social memory, Identity construction, Disaster management, Social Recovery

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