Badminton Sporcularının Kas ve İskelet Sistemi Problemlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı, badminton sporcularında görülen kas iskelet sistemi problemlerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmaya 45 kadın, 26 erkek olmak üzere toplam 71 sporcu gönüllü olarak dâhil edildi. Çalışmada kas-iskelet sistemi problemlerini sorgulayan, İskandinav Kas-İskelet Sistemi Anketi (The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire-NMQ) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizinde Pearson Ki-Kare ve Fisher Kesin Testleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 17.3 ± 3.0 yıl olan kadın sporcular ve 16.4 ± 3.2 yıl yaş ortalaması olan erkek sporcular katılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan sporcularının son 12 ayda en fazla ağrı hissettiği vücut bölgeleri; omuz ve ayak bileği/ayak (%42.3), kalça/uyluk (%28.2) ve dizdir (%26.8). Ayak bileği/ayak ve omuz ağrısı; son 12 ayda (%42.3) en sık görülen ağrı iken, ayak bileği/ayak ağrısı son 12 ayda (%26.8) işini engelleyecek düzeyde ve son yedi günde (%15.5) en sık belirtilen problem olduğu görülmüştür. Cinsiyet değişkenine göre son 12 ayda boyun ve kalça/uyluk bölgesinde ağrı görülme sıklığı açısından istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak çalışmada badminton sporcularında kas iskelet sistemi problemlerinde en sık etkilenen bölgelerin omuz, diz, kalça/uyluk ve ayak bileği/ayak olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sporcuların kas iskelet sisteminde omuz, diz, kalça/uyluk, diz ve ayak bileği/ayak bölgelerinin kuvvetlendirilmesi ve hareket açıklığının optimum seviyeye çıkarılmasına yönelik antrenman içeriği planlanmalıdır.

Keywords

• Kas iskelet sistemi
• Ağrı
• Badminton

Evaluation of Musculoskeletal System Problems of Badminton Players

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalance of musculoskeletal problems seen in badminton players. A total of 71 athletes including 45 women and 26 men voluntarily participated in the study. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to assess musculoskeletal problems in the study. Pearson Chi Square and Fisher's Exact tests were used for the statistical evaluation for the gathered data. The study group consisted of female athletes with an average age of 17.3 ± 3.0 years and male athletes with an average age of 16.4 ± 3.2 years. The body parts where the athletes felt the most pain in the last 12 months were the shoulder and ankle/foot (42.3%), hip/thigh (28.2%), and knee (26.8%). Ankle/foot and shoulder pain were the most common types of pain experienced in the last 12 months (42.3%), while ankle/foot pain was the most frequently reported problem in the last 12 months (26.8%) that interfered with work and in the last seven days (15.5%). A statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of pain in the neck and hip/thigh region over the last 12 months according to gender (P< 0.05). As a consequence, the study results indicate that the shoulder, knee, hip/thigh, and ankle/foot are the most frequently injured areas in badminton players. Training programs should be designed to strengthen the shoulder, knee, hip/thigh, ankle/foot regions and optimize range of motion in the musculoskeletal system of athletes.

Keywords

• Musculoskeletal system
• Pain
• Badminton

References

1. Arora, M., Shetty, S. H., Khedekar, R. G., & Kale, S. (2015). Over half of badminton players suffer from shoulder pain: Is impingement to blame? Journal of Arthroscopy and Joint Surgery, 2(1), 33–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajs.2014.12.006
2. Backx, F. J., Erich, W. B., Kemper, A. B., & Verbeek, A. L. (1989). Sports injuries in schoolaged children: an epidemiologic study. The American journal of sports medicine, 17(2), 234- 240. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465890170021
3. Cumps, E., Verhagen, E., Annemans, L., & Meeusen, R. (2003). Injury rate and socioeconomic costs resulting from sports injuries in Flanders: data derived from sports insurance statistics. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(9), 767-772. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.037937
4. Eckard, T., Padua, D., Mauntel, T., Frank, B., Pietrosimone, L., Begalle, R., Goto, S., Clark M., & Kucera, K. (2018). Association between double-leg squat and single-leg squat performance and injury incidence among incoming NCAA Division I athletes: a prospective cohort study, Physical Therapy in Sport. 34, 192– 200, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.10.009
5. Edouard, P., Branco, P., & Alonso, J. M. (2016). Muscle injury is the principal injury type and hamstring muscle injury is the first injury diagnosis during top-level international athletics championships between 2007 and 2015. British journal of sports medicine, 50(10), 619-630. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095559
6. Edouard, P., Mosser, C., Chapon, J., Depiesse, F., & Palmer, D. (2024). Understanding the first injury in athletics and its effect on dropout from sport: an online survey on 544 high-level youth and junior athletics (track and field) athletes. BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 10(1), e001767. doi:10.1136/ bmjsem-2023-001767
7. Edouard, P., Richardson, A., Navarro, L., Gremeaux, V., Branco, P., & Junge, A. (2019). Relation of team size and success with injuries and illnesses during eight international outdoor athletics championships. Frontiers in sports and active living, 1(1–8). doi:10.3389/fspor.2019.00008
8. Guermont, H., Le Van, P., Marcelli, C., Reboursière, E., & Drigny, J. (2021). Epidemiology of injuries in elite badminton players: a prospective study. Clinical journal of sport medicine, 31(6), e473-e475. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000848

9. Gülşen, M. (2022). Spor Yaralanmaları ve Sınıflamalar. F.F. Çolakoğlu, D. Aras, G. Ünver (Ed.), Sporcu sağlığı (s. 185-202). Efe Akademi
10. Hardaker, N. J., Hume, P. A., & Sims, S. T. (2024). Differences in injury profiles between female and male athletes across the participant classification framework: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports medicine, 54(6), 1595-1665. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-024-02010-7
11. Hayes, M., Cockrell, D., & Smith D.R. (2009). A systematic review of musculoskeletal disorders among dental professionals. Int J Dent Hyg. 7(159-165). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5037.2009.00395.x
12. Høy, K., Lindblad, B. E., Terkelsen, C. J., & Helleland, H. E. (1994). Badminton injuries--a prospective epidemiological and socioeconomic study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(4), 276-279. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.28.4.276.
13. Huxley, D.J., O’Connor, D., & Healey, P.A. (2014). An examination of the training profiles and injuries in elite youth track and field athletes. Eur J Sport Sci. 14(185–192). https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2013.809153
14. Jayanthi, N., & Esser, S. (2013) Racket sports. Current sports medicine reports. Curr Sports Med Rep 12(5) :329-336. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e3182a4bad0.
15. Jorgensen, U., & Winge, S. (1987). Epidemiology of badminton injuries. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(6), 379–382.
16. Kahraman, T., Genç, A., & Göz, E. (2016). The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire:crosscultural adaptation into Turkish assessing its psychometric properties. Disabil Rehabil. 38(21), 2153-2160. doi:10.3109/09638288.2015.1114034.