Testing and Tuning of the Sport Archery Bow and Arrow System

Year 2023, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 132 - 149, 29.06.2023

Ihor Zanevskyy Lyudmyla Zanevska

Abstract

Background. Testing and tuning of the archery bow and arrow system is an important component for successful shooting. The aim of the research is to develop an analytical method of the virtual testing and tuning of the archery bow and arrow system and optimizing of the height of the plunger and arrow rest. Materials and Methods. Modern recurve bows in the frames of International Archery Federation standards are studied. Modeling is used to derive a method of preparation of the bow for sport archery competition. A model of the archery bow as a kinematical chain with solid members united with rotated kinematical pairs is investigated. Results. The bow and arrow system was studied in the braced and drawn situations, and methods of virtual testing and optimizing of the height of the plunger and arrow rest above the hand is developed. The bow and arrow with a zero angle of attack can not be symmetrical in the main plane because an arrow and a hand that holds a bow could not situated together at the same place. Conclusion. The results of modeling are presented in a simple form (as tables and figures) which are suitable for coachers and shooters who are unready to use the mathematical methods.

Keywords

shooting, archer, recurve bow, modeling

References

• Arrow guide (2015). http://www.twincoastarchers.com/downloads/Arrow_Guide.pdf.
• Arrow Tuning and Maintenance Guide (2019). [e-book]. 2nd ed. Salt Lake City, Ut: Easton. http://www.wvac.asn.au/docs/TuningGuideEaston.pdf.
• Baudrillard R (2007). Recurve bow tiller. The end of tiller: Overview of bow tiller on Integral Sport forum. Integralsport. http://sites.google.com/site/archerybibliography/tiller.
• Edelmann-Nusser J, Gruber M, Gollhofer A. (2002). Measurement of On-Target-Trajectories in Olympic Archery. In: Ujihashi S, Haake SJ editors. The Engineering of Sport 4. Oxford: Blackwell Science: 487-493.
• Ellison S (2016). Bow tuning tests. http://archery.lv/wp-content/uploads/dokumenti/materiali/tuning01.pdf.
• Ellison S (2018). Controlling bow behaviour with stabilizers. http://tenzone.org.uk/Equipment/stabilisation/pdfs/stab4a4.pdf.
• Heller M (2012). Evaluation of arrow release in highly skilled archers using an acoustic measurement system. Procedia Engineering, 34(5): 532–537. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.04.091.
• Hickman CN (1937). Dynamics of a bow and arrow. Journal of Applied Physics, 8(6): 404–409. doi: 10.1063/1.1710314
• Klopsteg PE (1943). Physics of bows and arrows. American Journal of Physics, 11(4): 175–192. doi: 10.1119/1.1990474.
• Kooi BW (1991). On the mechanics of the modern working-recurve bow. Computational Mechanics, 8 (3): 291–304. doi: 10.1007/BF00369887.
• Kooi BW, Sparenberg JA (1997). On the mechanics of the arrow: the archer’s paradox. Journal of Engineering Mathematics, 31: 285–303. doi: 10.1023/A:1004262424363.
• Leroyer PJ, van Hoecke Helal JN (1993). Biomechanical study of the final push-pull in archery. Journal of Sports Sciences, 11(1): 63-69. doi: 10.1080/02640419308729965.
• Marlow WC (1981). Bow and arrow dynamics. American Journal of Physics, 49(4): 320–333. doi: 10.1119/1.12505.
• Park JL (2009). A compound archery bow dynamic model, suggesting modifications to improve accuracy. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineering, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 223(4): 139–150. doi: 10.1243/17543371JSET48.
• Park JL (2011). The behaviour of an arrow shot from a compound archery bow.” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineering, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 225(1): 8–21. doi: 10.1177/17543371JSET82.
• Pekalski R (1990). Experimental and theoretical research in archery. Journal of Sports Sciences, 8 (3): 259-279. doi: 10.1080/02640419008732150.
• Peters RD (2017). Archer’s compound bow – smart use of nonlinearity. Mercer University, Department of Physics. http://physics.mercer.edu/petepag/combow.html.
• Schuster BG (1969). Ballistics of the modern-working recurve bow and arrow. American Journal of Physics, 37(4): 364–373. doi: 10.1119/1.1975578.
• Squadrone R, Rodano R (1994). Multifactorial analysis of shooting archery. In: A. Barabas and G. Fabian, editors. ISBS: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Sport Biomechanics; 1994 July 2–6; Budapest: University of Budapest, p. 270-273.
• Tiermas M (2017). Modelling of the twin-cam. Report Series in Physics HU-P-D252. University of Helsinki. https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/224571/Modellin.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
• World Archery’s rulebook. 2017. World Archery Federation. Lausanne: FITA. https://worldarchery.org/ rulebook/.
• Zanevskyy I (2001). Lateral deflection of archery arrows. Sports Engineering, 4(1): 23-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2687.2001.00066.pp.x.
• Zanevskyy I (2006a). Archer–bow–arrow behavior in the vertical plane. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, 8(1): 65-82.
• Zanevskyy I. (2006b). Bow tuning in the vertical plane. Sports Engineering, 9(2): 77–86. doi: 10.1007/BF02844860.
• Zanevskyy I (2009). Modeling of the archery bow and arrow vibrations. Shock and Vibration, 16(3): 307-317. doi: 10.3233/SAV-2009-0470.