ÇOCUK NAFAKASI VE DİĞER AİLE NAFAKA TÜRLERİNİN ULUSLARARASI TAHSİLİNE İLİŞKİN LA HAYE SÖZLEŞMESİ

Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 71 - 102, 29.12.2018

Mesut Aygün , Gözde Çağlayan Aygün

https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.424598

Abstract

Milletlerarası
unsurlu nafakaya ilişkin olarak, yeni gelişmeleri dikkate alan; daha çağdaş,
rasyonel çözümler getiren düzenlemeler önem kazanmış bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda
Lahey Uluslararası Özel Hukuk Konferansı çatısı altında, 2007 yılında, biri
nafaka alacaklarının tahsiline, diğeri uygulanacak hukuka ilişkin olmak üzere
iki yeni sözleşme akdedilmiştir. Bunlar: “Çocuk Nafakası ve Aileye ilişkin
Diğer Nafaka Alacaklarının Milletlerarası Tahsiline İlişkin La Haye Sözleşmesi”
ile “Nafaka Yükümlülüklerine Uygulanacak Hukuka İlişkin La Haye Protokolü” dür.

Türkiye
uygulanacak hukuka ilişkin La Haye Protokolüne taraf olmamakla birlikte; diğer La
Haye Sözleşmesine 2016 yılında taraf olmuş, Sözleşme, Türkiye açısından 1 Şubat
2017 tarihinde uluslararası alanda yürürlüğe girmiştir. Keza 2007 tarihli
Sözleşme, 1956 tarihli Birleşmiş Milletler Sözleşmesi de dâhil olmak üzere, tüm
önceki Sözleşmelerin yerini alması maksadıyla hazırlanmıştır. Bu Sözleşme,
yabancı hukuklar hakkında bilgi temini, adli yardımlaşma, tanıma-tenfiz ve
nafaka alacaklarının tahsili konusunda gelişen iletişim ve bilişim
teknolojilerine dayanan, daha çağdaş milletlerarası nafaka sistemi kurmayı amaç
edinmiştir.

Bu çalışmada,
Türkiye’nin taraf olduğu 2007 tarihli La Haye Sözleşmesinin yabancı nafaka
kararlarının tanınması ve tenfizi ile yabancı nafaka alacaklarının tahsilinde
ne gibi yenilikler getirdiği, uygulamada beklentileri ne ölçüde karşılayacağı
hususları üzerinde ayrıntılı olarak durulacaktır.

Keywords

Nafaka, La Haye sözleşmesi, nafaka alacağı, milletlerarası tahsil sistemi, tanıma-tenfiz

THE HAGUE CONVENTION ON THE INTERNATIONAL RECOVERY OF CHILD SUPPORT AND OTHER FORMS OF FAMILY MAINTENANCE

Abstract

It has become important to consider new developments
and more modern, rational solutions regarding the maintenance with foreign
element. In this context, two new Instruments were concluded in 2007 under the
framework of The Hague Conference on Private International Law, one relating to
international recovery of claims for maintenance and the other about the applicable
law. These are the "Hague Convention on the International Recovery of
Child Support and Other Forms of Family Maintenance" and the "Hague
Protocol on the Law Applicable to Maintenance Obligations".

 

Although Turkey is not a party to The Hague Protocol on
the law applicable; it became a party to the other Hague Convention in 2016,
and the Convention came into force on February 1, 2017, for Turkey in the
international arena. The 2007 Convention has been prepared with the intention
of replacing all the previous Conventions, including the 1956 United Nations
Convention. This Convention aims to establish a more contemporary international
maintenance system based on the communication and information technologies that
develop in the field of information about foreign laws, judicial assistance,
recognition-enforcement and the recovery of claims for maintenance.

This study focused on the 2007 Hague Convention that
Turkey is a party to regarding foreign maintenance decisions, the recognition
and enforcement and the innovations such as the recovery of foreign claims for
maintenance and what extent it will meet the expectations in detail.

Keywords

Maintenance, The Hague Convention, claim for maintenance, the system of ınternational recovery, recognition-enforcement

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