Assessments on an Unpublished Tarsus Coin and the Marsyas Statue of Tarsus Origin

Year 2023, Issue: 29, 117 - 134, 31.12.2023

Fatih Erhan , Işık Albasan , Faris Demir

https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.2023.29.1361477

Abstract

The tragic story of Marsyas has inspired many artifacts over many periods. This story is depicted in vase paintings, statues, sculpture groups, reliefs, sarcophagi, gems and coins. The inspiration for these descriptions is the Athena and Marsyas sculpture group of Myron, one of the Classical Period artists. After this group of sculptures, the artists dealt with and depicted the most tragic part of the Marsyas story, the music competition with the God Apollo and the punishment of Marsyas. Within the scope of the study, first of all, the story of Marsyas and its reflection on artifacts are discussed. Then, the main subject of the study, a coin belonging to Maximinus Thrax I, which was recovered from Tarsus, is unpublished scientifically and dated back to the 3rd century AD, depicting the musical contest between Apollo and Marsyas, is examined in detail. Later, a comparative evaluation is made of the coin and the Marsyas statue, which has the same subject, recovered from Tarsus and is currently exhibited in the Istanbul Archaeological Museums, and a new composition proposal is made for the statue.

Keywords

Cilicia, Tarsus, Apollo, Roman Coin, Marsyas Statue

References

• Ausoni, A. (2005). La Musica, Dizionari d’Arte. Milano: Electa. google scholar
• Aytepe, G. ve Yıldız, U. (2022). Apollon ve Marsyas’ın Müzik Yarışması Mitolojisinin Antik Dönem ve Avrupa Görsel Sanatlarına Yansımaları. Eğitim ve Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi (JRES), 9(1), 188-207. google scholar
• Breitenstein, N. & Schwabacher, W. (1956). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, The Royal Collection of Coins andMedals Lycaonia - Cilicia (SNG Cop) Part 33. Copenhagen: Danish National Museum. google scholar
• Carpenter, T. (2002). Antik Yunan’da Sanat ve Mitoloji (B. Ünlüoğlu, Çev.). İstanbul: Homer Yayınları. google scholar
• Collignon, M. (1897). Historie de la Sculpture Grecque. Paris: De Firmin. google scholar
• Cömert, B. (2010). Mitoloji ve İkonografi. Ankara: De Ki Yayınları. google scholar
• Clark, L.R. (2018). Collecting Art in the Italian Renaissance Court. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
• Diodorus, (1814). The Historical Library of Diodorus the Sicilian (G. Booth, Trans.). Harvard: Harvard University Press. google scholar
• Durugönül, S. (2015). Manisa Müzesi Heykeltraşlık Eserleri. Mersin: Mersin Üniversitesi Yayınları. google scholar
• Erhan, F. (2014). Antik Çağ Kilikia Sikkelerinde Dinsel Tasvirler (Doktora Tezi). İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul. google scholar
• Feuser, S. (2013). Monopodia-Figürliche Tischfübe aus Klein Asien. Byzas, 17, 120-124. google scholar
• Fleischer, R. (1975). Marsyas und Achaios. Jahreschefte des Österreichischen Archaologischen Institutes in Wien (Öjh), 50, 105-122. google scholar
• Fleischer, R. (1991). Studien zur Seleukidischen Kunst I: Herrscherbildnisse. Mainz: von Zabern. google scholar
• Goddard, J. (2004). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain XII, The Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow, Part 1: Roman Provincial Coins: Spain- Kingdoms of Asia Minor (SNG Hunterian). Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
• Grimal, P. (1997). Mitoloji Sözlüğü: Yunan ve Roma (S. Tamgüç, Çev.). İstanbul: Sosyal Yayınları. google scholar
• Herodotus, (1991). Herodot Tarihi (M. Ökmen, Çev.). İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. google scholar
• Hill G. F. (1990). Catalogue of the Greek Coins of Lycaonia, Isauria and Cilicia, Order of the Trustees (BMC). London: The Trustees. google scholar
• Junker, K. (2002). Die Athena-Marsyas Gruppe des Myron. Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archaologischen Instituts. Berlin: Walter de Gayter. google scholar
• Kapossy, B. (1993). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Schweiz II, Katalog der Sammlung Jean-Pierre Righetti im Bernischen Historischen Museum (SNG Righetti). Stuttgart: von Verlag Paul Haupt. google scholar
• Karagöz, Ş. (2008). Travma Tarihi (Traumalogos). Euergetes. Antalya: Suna-İnanç Kıraç Vakfı. google scholar
• Keer, E.V. (2004). The Myth of Marsyas in Ancient Greek Art. Musical and Mythological Iconography, XXIX, 20-37. google scholar
• Köktan, Y. (2014). Mitoloji, Dans ve Müzik. TÜRÜK Dil, Edebiyat ve Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(3), 261-271. google scholar
• Levante, E. (1986). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Switzerland I, Levante - Cilicia (SNG Levante). Berne: Credit Suisse Berne. google scholar
• Levante, E. (1993). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum: France 2: Cilicie (SNG France II). Paris: Bibliotheque Nationale & Numismatica Ars Classica. google scholar
• Levante, E. (1993). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Switzerland I, Levante - Cilicia, Supplement 1 (SNG Levante Suppl.). Zurich: Numismatica Ars Classica. google scholar
• Mattingly, H., Sydenham, E. A. & Sutherland, C.H.V. (1938). The Roma Imperial Coinage (RIC) Vol. IV Part II. London: Spink and Son Ltd. google scholar
• Mendel, G. (1914). Catalogue des Scultures. Constantinople: En Vente Au Musee Imperial. google scholar
• Ovid, (1987). Metamorphoses (A.D. Melville, Trans.). New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
• Özgan, R. (2018). Helenistik Devir Heykeltraşlığı III. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları. google scholar
• Pausanias, (1918). Description of Greece (W.H.S. Jones, Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press. google scholar
• Sande, S. (1982). The Myth of Marsyas: Pieces of a Sculptural Jigsaw. The Metropolitan Musuem Journal, 16, 55-73. google scholar
• Schertz, P. J. M. (2005). Seer or Victim? The figure of Marsyas in Roman Art, Religion, and Politics. (Doctoral Thesis). University of Southern California, California. google scholar
• Strabo, (1928). Geography-Vol. 5. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. google scholar
• Tuchelt, K. (1970). Pan ve Anadolu’da Pan Kültü (H. Boyana, Çev.). Istanbuler Mitteilungen Band ,19/20, 223-236. google scholar
• Üreten, H. (2013). Mitolojinin ve Tarihin Simgesi: Manisa Müzesi’ndeki Marsyas Heykeli. Adnan Menderes Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1, 1-14. google scholar
• Ziegler, R. (1988). Münzen Kilikiens aus kleineren deutschen Sammlungen. München: C. H. Beck’sche. google scholar
• Ziegler, R. (2001). Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Pfalzer Privatsammlungen 6, Band, Isaurien undKilikien (SNG Pfalzer 6). München: Hirmer Verlag. google scholar
• OCRE: Online Coins of the Roman Empire, https://numismatics.org/ocre/results?q =maximinus%20 i&start=60 (24.08.2023). google scholar
• https://collections.louvre.fr google scholar
• https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk google scholar
• https://www.wildwinds.com google scholar
• https://www.cngcoins.com google scholar
• https://numismatics.org google scholar