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New Rural Development Versus the Familiar Rural Motherhood: The Commercialization of Local Foods and Its Effect on Gender Roles

Year 2020, Volume: 40 Issue: 1, 79 - 108, 23.07.2020

Abstract

In recent years, promoting local foods and local cuisine has become an essential feature of rural development projects, which aim to empower women in rural areas and generate supplementary income (from agricultural production) to smallsize farming units. This study aims to discuss the ideological, cultural, social, and economic barriers that shape the ways in which rural women conduct their entrepreneurial activities based on the sale of local homemade foods. By focusing on women’s daily practices in domestic and professional life and how these shape and constrain their entrepreneurship, the study aims to debate the impacts commercializing local foods has had on existing gender roles. For this purpose, a case study has been conducted on the local food markets in Seferihisar, İzmir where rural women sell homemade food products (dolmas, stuffed artichoke, pastry, sweet pastry, bread, and tomato sauce). The source data, drawn from 27 in-depth and 131 survey interviews, have been triangulated in order to develop the body of the findings. Women’s entrepreneurship is argued to be able to contribute to a fairer food system, but this is based on having political programs where women participate in the decision-making process. Such factors in turn influence the process of feminizing agriculture and strengthening women as actors of rural change and the corresponding decline in the stereotypical images of “rural motherhood” that reinforce traditional gender roles. Within this context, the most important impact and consequence of the local markets in Seferihisar is not the visibility of local foods in the markets through women’s efforts but rather women’s increase visibility in the public sphere due to their producing local foods.

References

  • Anthopoulou, T. (2010). Rural women in local agrofood production: Between entrepreneurial initiatives and family strategies. A case study in Greece. Journal of Rural Studies, 26, 394–403. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2010.03.004
  • Atılgan, S. (2007). Evden içeri bir ev: Ev eksenli üretim ve kadın emeği. Birikim Dergisi, 217, 134–140.
  • Baylina, M., & Schier, M. (2002). Homework in Germany and Spain: Industrial restructuring and the meaning of homework for women. GeoJournal, 56, 295–304. https://dx.doi. org/10.1023/A:1025962716990
  • Bessière, J. (1998). Local development and heritage: Traditional food and cuisine as tourist attractions in rural areas. Sociologia Ruralis, 38, 21–34. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00061
  • Bock, B. B. (2004). Fitting in and multi-tasking: Dutch farm women’s Strategies in rural entrepreneurship. Sociologia Ruralis, 44(3), 245–260. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2004.00274.x
  • Bruni, A., Gherardi, S., & Poggio, B. (2004). Doing gender, doing entrepreneurship: An ethnographic of interwined practices. Gender, Work and Organization, 11, 406–428. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ j.1468-0432.2004.00240.x
  • Clark Muntean, S., & Ozkazanc-Pan, B. (2016). Feminist perspectives on social entrepreneurship: Critique and new directions. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 8(3), 221– 241. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-10-2014-0034 Çelik, C., & Balta, E. (2017). Soma maden havzasında görünmeyen emek: Kadın. Ayrıntı Dergisi, 20. Retreived from: http://ayrintidergi.com.tr/soma-maden-havzasinda-gorunmeyen-emek-kadin/
  • Çelik, Z. (2013) Tarımsal biyoçeşitliliğin korunmasında yerel tohum bankalarının rolü üzerine bir araştırma: Karaot Köyü Tohum Derneği ve yöresi örneği (Doktora tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Cliff, J. E. (1998). Does one size fit all? Exploring the relationship between attitudes towards growth, gender and business size. Journal of Business Venturing, 13, 523–542. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0883-9026(97)00071-2
  • Cornwall, A. (2000). Making a difference? Gender and participatory development. IDS Discussion Paper #378 from the Institute of Development Studies. https://www.participatorymethods.org/ sites/participatorymethods.org/files/Dp378.pdf
  • Dedeoğlu, S. (2010). Visible hands – invisible women: Garment production in Turkey. Feminist Economics, 16, 1–32. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2010.530606
  • Driga, O., Lafuente, E., & Vaillant, Y. (2009). Reasons for the relatively lower entrepreneurial activity levels of rural women in Spain. Sociologia Ruralis, 49, 70–96. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00475.x
  • Dolan, C. S. (2004). On farm and packhouse: Employment at the bottom of a global value chain. Rural Sociology, 69, 99–126.
  • https://dx.doi.org/10.1526/003601104322919928 DuPuis, E. M., & Goodman, D. (2005). Should we go ‘home’ to eat? Toward a reflexive politics of localism. Journal of Rural Studies, 21, 359–371. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2005.05.011
  • Heggem, R. (2014). Diversification and re-feminisation of Norwegian farm properties. Sociologia Ruralis, 54, 439–459. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/soru.12044
  • Ilbery, B., & Kneafsey, M. (2000). Producer constructions of quality in regional speciality food production: A case study from Southwest England. Journal of Rural Studies, 16, 217–230.https:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(99)00041-8
  • İnce, Ş. (2015). İki kadın bir mutfak: Kadınlar arası iktidar ilişkileri. Moment Dergi-Hacettepe Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Kültürel Çalışmalar Dergisi, 2(2), 135–156. https://dx.doi. org/10.17572/mj2015.2.135156
  • Fonte, M., & Cucco, I. (2017). Cooperatives and alternative food networks in Italy. The long road towards a social economy in agriculture. Journal of Rural Studies, 53, 291–302. https://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.01.019
  • Goodman, D. (2003). The quality ‘turn’ and alternative food practices: reflections and agenda. Journal of Rural Studies, 19, 1–7. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(02)00043-8
  • Guthman, J. (2002). Commodified meanings, meaningful commodities: Re-thinking productionconsumption links through the organic system of provision. Sociologia Ruralis, 42, 295–311. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00218
  • Guthman, J. (2008). Neoliberalism and the making of food politics in California. Geoforum, 39, 1171–1183. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2006.09.002
  • Guthman, J. (2009). Unveiling the unveiling: Commodity chains, commodity fetishism, and the “value” of voluntary, ethical food labels. In J. Bair (Ed.), Frontiers of commodity chain research (pp. 190–206). London, UK: Stanford University Press.
  • Gündüz Hoşgör, A., & Suziki Him, M. (2016). Küreseleşme ve Türkiye’de kırsal kadının ücretli emeği: Rapana venosa üretim zinciri üzerinden Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde bir vaka analizi. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi/Journal of Soci ological Research, 19(2), 108–130.
  • Kavuş, H . (2019). Diasporada güzellik: Almanya’da kadın etnik girişimciliği. Kültür ve İletişim, 44, 95–124. https://dx.doi.org/10.18691/kulturveiletisim.629060
  • KEİG [Women’s Labor and Employment Initiative] (2018). Türkiye’de insanlar zaman yoksulu, kadınlar daha da yoksul. http://www.Women’sLaborandEmploymentInitiative.org/wp-content/ uploads/2019/01/Calisma-Zamani_KEIG-Bilgi-Notu-1.pdf
  • Little, J., & Austin, P. (1996). Women and the rural idyll. Journal of Rural Studies, 12, 101–111. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(96)00004-6
  • Little, J., Ilbery, B., & Watts, D. (2009). Gender, consumption and the relocalisation of food: A research agenda. Sociologia Ruralis, 49, 201–217. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2009.00492.x
  • Manzanera-Ruiz, R., Lizarraga, C., & Mwaipopo, R. (2016). Gender inequality, processes of adaptation, and female local initiatives in cash crop production in Northern Tanzania. Rural Sociology, 81, 143–171. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ruso.12090
  • Markantoni, M., & van Hoven, B. (2012). Bringing ‘invisible’ side activities to light. A case study of rural female entrepreneurs in the Veenkoloniën, the Netherlands. Journal of Rural Studies, 28, 507–516. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2012.05.006
  • Marsden, T. (1998). New rural territories: regulating the differentiated rural spaces. Journal of Rural Studies, 14, 107–117. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(97)00041-7
  • Mudege, N. N., Nyekanyeka, T., Kapalasa, E., Chevo, T., & Demo, P. (2015). Understanding collective action and women’s empowerment in potato farmer groups in Ntcheu and Dedza in Malawi. Journal of Rural Studies, 42, 91–101. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.09.002
  • Murdoch, J. (2000). Networks- A new paradigm of rural development? Journal of Rural Studies, 16, 407–419. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(00)00022-X
  • Oberhauser, A. M. (1995). Gender and household economic strategies in rural Appalachia. Gender, Place & Culture, 2, 51–70. doi.org: 10.1080/09663699550022080 Renting, H., Marsden, T. K., & Banks, J. (2003). Understanding alternative food networks: Exploring the role of short food supply chains in rural development. Environment and Planning A, 35, 393–411. https://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3510 S
  • hortall, S. (2002). Gendered agricultural and rural restructuring: A case study of Northern Ireland. Sociologia Ruralis, 42, 160–175. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00208
  • Sofer, M., & Saada, M.A.T. (2017). Entrepreneurship of women in the rural apace in Israel: Catalysts and obstacles to enterprise development. Sociologia Ruralis, 57, 769–790. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/soru.12125
  • Soyer, N. (2019). Türkiye’de kooperatifçiliğin tarihsel mirası ve Seferihisar örneği. M. Ergen (Ed.), Kent hakkı, müşterekler ve olasılıklar içinde (s.119–127). Yakın.
  • Whatmore, S. (2008). From women’s roles to gender relations. Developing perspectives in the analysis of farm women. Sociologia Ruralis, 28, 239–247. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.1988.tb00342.x
  • Yaman, M. (2020) Tarımsal üretimde kadın emeği: Tarihte kısa bir gezinti. Aramızda kalmasın: Kır, kent ve ötesinde toplumsal cinsiyet içinde (s. 57–61). Aramızda Toplumsal Cinsiyet Araştırmaları Derneği Yayınları. https://aramizda.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Aram%C4%B1zda_ Kalmas%C4%B1n.pdf

Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 40 Issue: 1, 79 - 108, 23.07.2020

Abstract

Kırsal alanlarda kadınların güçlendirilmesi ve küçük ölçekli tarımsal işletmelerin tarım dışı gelirlerinin artırılması için son yıllarda yerel gıda, yöresel mutfakları teşvik eden kırsal kalkınma projeleri hız kazanmıştır. Bu makale kırsal alanlardaki kadınların yöresel yemek ve ev eksenli üretime dayalı girişimcilik serüvenini biçimlendiren ideolojik, kültürel, sosyal ve ekonomik bariyerleri tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, kadınların girişimcilik faaliyetlerini biçimlendiren ve sınırlandıran hane-içi ve iş yaşamındaki gündelik yaşam pratiklerine odaklanarak yöresel yemeklerin ticarileşmesinin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerini dönüştürücü etkisini tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, İzmir’in Seferihisar ilçesinde, kırsal kadınların daha çok ev eksenli üretimine dayalı olarak ürettikleri gıda ve yemeklerin (sarma, enginar dolması, börek, baklava, ekmek, salça gibi) ağırlıklı olarak satıldığı köy pazarları vaka analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Pazarlara üretici olarak katılan kadınlarla yürütülen 27 “derinlemesine mülakat” ve 131 anket görüşmesiyle elde edilen veriler birbiriyle kıyaslanarak analiz edilmiş ve bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın temel bulguları şöyledir: Kadınların girişimcilik faaliyetleri adil bir gıda sisteminin tasarlanmasına katkıda bulunabilir. Bunun için kadını geleneksel toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine hapseden annelik gibi imgelerin (“kırsal anne”) yeniden üretimi yerine kadınları kırsal değişimin temel aktörü kılacak, tarımın yeniden kadınlaşmasını sağlayacak karar alma süreçlerine dahil eden politikaları inşa etmek önemlidir. Bu kapsamda Seferihisar köy pazarlarının yarattığı en önemli etki, yöresel yemeklerin/yerel gıdaların kırsal yaşamdaki kadınlar ile birlikte piyasada görünüyor olması değil, bu gıdalarla birlikte kırsal yaşamdaki kadının kamusal alanda yeniden görünür olabilmesidir.

References

  • Anthopoulou, T. (2010). Rural women in local agrofood production: Between entrepreneurial initiatives and family strategies. A case study in Greece. Journal of Rural Studies, 26, 394–403. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2010.03.004
  • Atılgan, S. (2007). Evden içeri bir ev: Ev eksenli üretim ve kadın emeği. Birikim Dergisi, 217, 134–140.
  • Baylina, M., & Schier, M. (2002). Homework in Germany and Spain: Industrial restructuring and the meaning of homework for women. GeoJournal, 56, 295–304. https://dx.doi. org/10.1023/A:1025962716990
  • Bessière, J. (1998). Local development and heritage: Traditional food and cuisine as tourist attractions in rural areas. Sociologia Ruralis, 38, 21–34. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00061
  • Bock, B. B. (2004). Fitting in and multi-tasking: Dutch farm women’s Strategies in rural entrepreneurship. Sociologia Ruralis, 44(3), 245–260. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2004.00274.x
  • Bruni, A., Gherardi, S., & Poggio, B. (2004). Doing gender, doing entrepreneurship: An ethnographic of interwined practices. Gender, Work and Organization, 11, 406–428. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ j.1468-0432.2004.00240.x
  • Clark Muntean, S., & Ozkazanc-Pan, B. (2016). Feminist perspectives on social entrepreneurship: Critique and new directions. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 8(3), 221– 241. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-10-2014-0034 Çelik, C., & Balta, E. (2017). Soma maden havzasında görünmeyen emek: Kadın. Ayrıntı Dergisi, 20. Retreived from: http://ayrintidergi.com.tr/soma-maden-havzasinda-gorunmeyen-emek-kadin/
  • Çelik, Z. (2013) Tarımsal biyoçeşitliliğin korunmasında yerel tohum bankalarının rolü üzerine bir araştırma: Karaot Köyü Tohum Derneği ve yöresi örneği (Doktora tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Cliff, J. E. (1998). Does one size fit all? Exploring the relationship between attitudes towards growth, gender and business size. Journal of Business Venturing, 13, 523–542. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0883-9026(97)00071-2
  • Cornwall, A. (2000). Making a difference? Gender and participatory development. IDS Discussion Paper #378 from the Institute of Development Studies. https://www.participatorymethods.org/ sites/participatorymethods.org/files/Dp378.pdf
  • Dedeoğlu, S. (2010). Visible hands – invisible women: Garment production in Turkey. Feminist Economics, 16, 1–32. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2010.530606
  • Driga, O., Lafuente, E., & Vaillant, Y. (2009). Reasons for the relatively lower entrepreneurial activity levels of rural women in Spain. Sociologia Ruralis, 49, 70–96. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00475.x
  • Dolan, C. S. (2004). On farm and packhouse: Employment at the bottom of a global value chain. Rural Sociology, 69, 99–126.
  • https://dx.doi.org/10.1526/003601104322919928 DuPuis, E. M., & Goodman, D. (2005). Should we go ‘home’ to eat? Toward a reflexive politics of localism. Journal of Rural Studies, 21, 359–371. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2005.05.011
  • Heggem, R. (2014). Diversification and re-feminisation of Norwegian farm properties. Sociologia Ruralis, 54, 439–459. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/soru.12044
  • Ilbery, B., & Kneafsey, M. (2000). Producer constructions of quality in regional speciality food production: A case study from Southwest England. Journal of Rural Studies, 16, 217–230.https:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(99)00041-8
  • İnce, Ş. (2015). İki kadın bir mutfak: Kadınlar arası iktidar ilişkileri. Moment Dergi-Hacettepe Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Kültürel Çalışmalar Dergisi, 2(2), 135–156. https://dx.doi. org/10.17572/mj2015.2.135156
  • Fonte, M., & Cucco, I. (2017). Cooperatives and alternative food networks in Italy. The long road towards a social economy in agriculture. Journal of Rural Studies, 53, 291–302. https://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.01.019
  • Goodman, D. (2003). The quality ‘turn’ and alternative food practices: reflections and agenda. Journal of Rural Studies, 19, 1–7. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(02)00043-8
  • Guthman, J. (2002). Commodified meanings, meaningful commodities: Re-thinking productionconsumption links through the organic system of provision. Sociologia Ruralis, 42, 295–311. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00218
  • Guthman, J. (2008). Neoliberalism and the making of food politics in California. Geoforum, 39, 1171–1183. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2006.09.002
  • Guthman, J. (2009). Unveiling the unveiling: Commodity chains, commodity fetishism, and the “value” of voluntary, ethical food labels. In J. Bair (Ed.), Frontiers of commodity chain research (pp. 190–206). London, UK: Stanford University Press.
  • Gündüz Hoşgör, A., & Suziki Him, M. (2016). Küreseleşme ve Türkiye’de kırsal kadının ücretli emeği: Rapana venosa üretim zinciri üzerinden Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde bir vaka analizi. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi/Journal of Soci ological Research, 19(2), 108–130.
  • Kavuş, H . (2019). Diasporada güzellik: Almanya’da kadın etnik girişimciliği. Kültür ve İletişim, 44, 95–124. https://dx.doi.org/10.18691/kulturveiletisim.629060
  • KEİG [Women’s Labor and Employment Initiative] (2018). Türkiye’de insanlar zaman yoksulu, kadınlar daha da yoksul. http://www.Women’sLaborandEmploymentInitiative.org/wp-content/ uploads/2019/01/Calisma-Zamani_KEIG-Bilgi-Notu-1.pdf
  • Little, J., & Austin, P. (1996). Women and the rural idyll. Journal of Rural Studies, 12, 101–111. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(96)00004-6
  • Little, J., Ilbery, B., & Watts, D. (2009). Gender, consumption and the relocalisation of food: A research agenda. Sociologia Ruralis, 49, 201–217. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2009.00492.x
  • Manzanera-Ruiz, R., Lizarraga, C., & Mwaipopo, R. (2016). Gender inequality, processes of adaptation, and female local initiatives in cash crop production in Northern Tanzania. Rural Sociology, 81, 143–171. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ruso.12090
  • Markantoni, M., & van Hoven, B. (2012). Bringing ‘invisible’ side activities to light. A case study of rural female entrepreneurs in the Veenkoloniën, the Netherlands. Journal of Rural Studies, 28, 507–516. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2012.05.006
  • Marsden, T. (1998). New rural territories: regulating the differentiated rural spaces. Journal of Rural Studies, 14, 107–117. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(97)00041-7
  • Mudege, N. N., Nyekanyeka, T., Kapalasa, E., Chevo, T., & Demo, P. (2015). Understanding collective action and women’s empowerment in potato farmer groups in Ntcheu and Dedza in Malawi. Journal of Rural Studies, 42, 91–101. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.09.002
  • Murdoch, J. (2000). Networks- A new paradigm of rural development? Journal of Rural Studies, 16, 407–419. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(00)00022-X
  • Oberhauser, A. M. (1995). Gender and household economic strategies in rural Appalachia. Gender, Place & Culture, 2, 51–70. doi.org: 10.1080/09663699550022080 Renting, H., Marsden, T. K., & Banks, J. (2003). Understanding alternative food networks: Exploring the role of short food supply chains in rural development. Environment and Planning A, 35, 393–411. https://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3510 S
  • hortall, S. (2002). Gendered agricultural and rural restructuring: A case study of Northern Ireland. Sociologia Ruralis, 42, 160–175. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00208
  • Sofer, M., & Saada, M.A.T. (2017). Entrepreneurship of women in the rural apace in Israel: Catalysts and obstacles to enterprise development. Sociologia Ruralis, 57, 769–790. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/soru.12125
  • Soyer, N. (2019). Türkiye’de kooperatifçiliğin tarihsel mirası ve Seferihisar örneği. M. Ergen (Ed.), Kent hakkı, müşterekler ve olasılıklar içinde (s.119–127). Yakın.
  • Whatmore, S. (2008). From women’s roles to gender relations. Developing perspectives in the analysis of farm women. Sociologia Ruralis, 28, 239–247. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.1988.tb00342.x
  • Yaman, M. (2020) Tarımsal üretimde kadın emeği: Tarihte kısa bir gezinti. Aramızda kalmasın: Kır, kent ve ötesinde toplumsal cinsiyet içinde (s. 57–61). Aramızda Toplumsal Cinsiyet Araştırmaları Derneği Yayınları. https://aramizda.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Aram%C4%B1zda_ Kalmas%C4%B1n.pdf
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sociology
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLES
Authors

Derya Nizam Bilgiç This is me 0000-0002-2438-8818

Publication Date July 23, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 40 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Nizam Bilgiç, D. (2020). Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, 40(1), 79-108.
AMA Nizam Bilgiç D. Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology. July 2020;40(1):79-108.
Chicago Nizam Bilgiç, Derya. “Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi”. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology 40, no. 1 (July 2020): 79-108.
EndNote Nizam Bilgiç D (July 1, 2020) Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology 40 1 79–108.
IEEE D. Nizam Bilgiç, “Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi”, İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 79–108, 2020.
ISNAD Nizam Bilgiç, Derya. “Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi”. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology 40/1 (July 2020), 79-108.
JAMA Nizam Bilgiç D. Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology. 2020;40:79–108.
MLA Nizam Bilgiç, Derya. “Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi”. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, vol. 40, no. 1, 2020, pp. 79-108.
Vancouver Nizam Bilgiç D. Yeni Bir Kırsal Kalkınma, Bilindik Bir Kırsal Annelik: Ticarileşen Yöresel Yemeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Etkisi. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology. 2020;40(1):79-108.