Tarihi Muzaffer Muharebeler Yazar: Görkemli İnebahtı (1571) ve Unutulmuş Preveze (1538)

Year 2022, Issue: 76, 63 - 94, 16.03.2022

Zoltán Korpás

https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.202204

Abstract

Preveze ve İnebahtı deniz savaşları Avrupa’nın tarihsel hafızasında farklı biçimlerde tezahür etmektedir. İnebahtı Deniz Savaşı Avrupa’nın tarihsel hafızasında, herhangi bir mühim taktiksel yahut stratejik getiri ve toprak kazanımı sağlamamasına rağmen, yenilmez Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na karşı Hıristiyan galibiyetinin sembolüdür. Öte yandan Preveze Deniz Muharebesi unutulmaya yüz tutmuştur. Bu iki muharebede ne gibi benzerlikler ve farklılıklar gözlemlenebilir? İki muharebenin tarihsel bağlamları paralellikler kurmaya elvermektedir. Her iki muharebe de oldukça geniş filolar arasında cereyan etmiş olmakla birlikte, askeri tarih bakımından kesin ve büyük sonuçlar yaratmamıştı. En belirgin farklardan biri 1538’deki Kutsal İttifak’a katılan Avusturya Habsburgları’nın 1571’deki ittifaka katılmayışıdır. İki muharebenin cereyan edişindeki taktiksel farklara ilaveten, bazı teknik gelişmeler de göz ardı edilemez. 1571 yılında Hıristiyan filolarında savaşan kadırgalar ile 1538 yılında savaşan kadırgalar arasında mühim farklar vardır.

Keywords

Preveze Deniz Muharebesi, İnebahtı Deniz Savaşı, Akdeniz; 16. yüzyıl, Osmanlı-Hıristiyan Mücadelesi

History is Written by Victorious Battles: Glorious Lepanto (1571) and Forgotten Preveza (1538)

Abstract

The two battles - Preveza and Lepanto - are recorded in European historical memory in very different ways. In European historical memory, Lepanto has become the symbol of Christian victory over the invincible Ottoman Empire, even though it did not result in any significant tactical or strategic advantage or territorial change. The battle of Preveza, on the other hand, faded into oblivion. What similarities and differences can be drawn between the two battles? The historical context of the two battles provides an opportunity to draw parallels. Neither battle can be considered decisive in terms of military history. On 28 September 1538 and 7 October 1571, both battles saw two large enemy fleets clash. One of the most striking differences from the Holy League of 1538 was that in 1571 the Danubian Habsburg Monarchy did not join. In addition to the tactical and combat differences and analogies, we cannot ignore some technical developments: there are significant differences between the Christian galleys fighting in 1538 and 1571.

Keywords

The Battle of Preveza, The Battle of Lepanto, Mediterranean, 16th Century, Ottoman-Christian Rivalry

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