Determination of fruit characteristics of some fig genotypes (Ficus carica L.) obtained by selection breeding in the eastern Mediterranean region
Abstract
Fig (Ficus carica L.) is a fruit species whose cultural history is old, what is making it related to the Ficus genus of the Moraceae (Mulberry) family. The study was conducted in Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye, that are located in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, in 2016-2022. Fig cultivation is extensive in that area and at the same time in the natural fig plantation regions. Pomological and phenological analyzes were carried out on 20 fig genotypes determined in the research. The fruit weight of the fig genotypes varied between 80.79 - 40.37 g, and the average peel thickness was between 3.79-2.28 mm. The highest soluble solids value is in the genotypes 46-OS-1 at 25%, whereas the lowest soluble solids value is in the genotypes 46-TR-9 and 80-DZ-2 at 17%, and the highest acidity value is 46-OS-3 at 0.37%. The Figs genotypes were divided into two main groups in terms of fruit shape: flattened spherical and round. All genotypes were either short or moderately necked apart from one genotype. The majority of genotypes were found in yellow tones, some in purple tones, and the color of the fruit flesh was mostly in amber tones in terms of the color of the fruit skin. As a result of the study, it was revealed that Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye provinces in the Eastern Mediterranean Region have fig natural distribution areas and new varieties can be developed by selection breeding in these localities.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy (Eastern Mediterranean Transition Zone Agricultural Research Institute)
Project Number
Project TAGEM/BBAD/16/A08/H07/1-3
Thanks
As all authors, we would like to thank the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy (Eastern Mediterranean Transition Zone Agricultural Research Institute) for supporting this project.
References
- Aksoy, U., Can, H.Z., Misirli, A., Kara, S., Seferoglu, G., Sahin, N. (2003). Fig (Ficus carica L.) selection study for fresh market in Western Turkey. Acta Hort 605: 197-203. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2003.605.29
- Aksoy, U., Seferoglu, G., Mısırlı, A., Kara, S., Sahin, N., Bulbul, S., Duzbastılar, M. (1992). Selection of the table fig genotypes suitable for Egean Region. I. In: Proceedings of the First National Horticultural Congress.pp. 545–548. https://www.actahort.org/books/441/441_51.htm
- Aljane, F. and Ferchichi, A. 2007b. Morphological, chemical and sensory characterization of Tunisian fig (Ficus carica L.) cultivars based on dried fruits. Acta Hort. 741:81-85. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.741.10
- Alper, M. S. (2006). Determination of morphologic and pomologic features of ficus types growing in Sanliurfa. Harran University. Harran Üniv. Institute of science. Horticulture department. Master's thesis 55 s. http://acikerisim.harran.edu.tr:8080/jspui/handle/11513/766
- Bostan, Z. S. (2002). Interrelationships among fruit and leaf traits important in fig selection. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Cilt: 33, Sayı 3.
- Caliskan, O. 2003. Determination of phenological, morphological and fruit quality characteristics of some fig cultivars and types under Dörtyol conditions. Unpublished MSc thesis, Institute of Natural Science, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey. 178 p.
- Caliskan, O. And Polat, A.A. (2008). Fruit characteristics of fig cultivars and genotypes grown in Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 115: 360-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2007.10.017
- Caliskan, O. (2010). Hatay’da yetiştirilen incir genotiplerinin morfolojik ve meyve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve moleküler karakterizasyonu. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü (Doktora Tezi), Hatay, 473s. (in Turkish).
- Caliskan, O., Polat, A. (2012a). Morphological Diversity among Fig (Ficus carica L.) Accessins Sampled From Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Turkish Journal and Agricultural Forestry. 36:179-193. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1102-33
- Caliskan, O., Polat, A. (2012b). Effects of genotype and harvest year on phytochemical and fruit quality properties of Turkish fig genotypes. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 10 (4): 1048-1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2012104-2652
