The effect of biochar obtained from waste filter coffee grounds on plant germination

Year 2024, , 561 - 570, 29.09.2024

Miraç Nur Ciner , Emine Elmaslar Özbaş , Hilal Savuk , Şeyma Günay , H. Kurtuluş Özcan , Atakan Öngen

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2024.3.9

Abstract

Nowadays, coffee consumption is quite high, and the consumption of filter coffee is steadily increasing. Consequently, there is a significant increase in waste filter coffee. This study aims to evaluate waste filter coffee grounds using a zero-waste approach. In this context, the solid product of pyrolyzed waste filter coffee grounds was added to the soil in specific ratios to improve soil quality and increase yield. The effects on the root and stem development of arugula (Eruca vesicaria) and garden cress (Lepidium sativum) plants were investigated. Waste filter coffee grounds was homogeneously mixed with soil at application rates of 1, 2, and 4 tons/ha. The results of the study observed that the pyrolysis solid product positively affected plant growth. Comparing the data, the highest yield in plants was observed in soil with added biochar, while lower yields were seen in soil with added raw waste filter coffee grounds, and the lowest yield was found in soil without biochar. Among the soils with added biochar, the most significant root and stem development was observed in plants with 2 tons/ha of added biochar.

Keywords

Waste Filter Coffee, Plant Growth, Biochar, Pyrolysis, Soil Improvement

Supporting Institution

This article is derived from the TUBITAK 2209-A Project (Investigation of the Effects of Biochar Obtained from Biomass Recovery on Plant Growth) as part of an undergraduate thesis.

Project Number

TÜBİTAK-2209

References

• Akgul, G. (2017). Biochar: Production and Usage Areas. RTEU. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 5(4): 485-499.
• Baiamonte, G., Crescimanno, G., Parrino, F., & De Pasquale, C. (2019). Effect of biochar on the physical and structural properties of a sandy soil. Catena, 175, 294-303.
• Barrios-Rodríguez, Y., Collazos-Escobar, G. A., & Gutiérrez-Guzmán, N. (2021). ATR-FTIR for characterizing and differentiating dried and ground coffee cherry pulp of different varieties (Coffea Arabica L.). Engenharia Agrícola, 41, 70-77.
• Belgiorno, V., De Feo, G., Della Rocca, C., & Napoli, R. M. A. (2003). Energy from gasification of solid wastes. Waste management, 23(1), 1-15.
• Bijarchiyan, M., Sahebi, H., & Mirzamohammadi, S. (2020). A sustainable biomass network design model for bioenergy production by anaerobic digestion technology: using agricultural residues and livestock manure. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 10, 1-17.
• Briandet, R., Kemsley, E. K., & Wilson, R. H. (1996). Discrimination of Arabica and Robusta in instant coffee by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 44(1), 170-174.
• Carvalho, M. T. M., Madari, B. E., Bastiaans, L., Van Oort, P. A. J., Leal, W. G. O., Heinemann, A. B. & Meinke, H. (2016). Properties of a clay soil from 1.5 to 3.5 years after biochar application and the impact on rice yield. Geoderma, 276, 7-18.
• Chen, L., Liu, M., Ali, A., Zhou, Q., Zhan, S., Chen, Y., Pan, X. & Zeng, Y. (2020). Effects of biochar on paddy soil fertility under different water management modes. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 20, 1810-1818.
• Demirbas, A. (2009). Pyrolysis mechanisms of biomass materials. Energy Sources, Part A, 31(13), 1186-1193.
• Farah, A. (2009). Coffee as a speciality and functional beverage. In Functional and speciality beverage technology (pp. 370-395). Woodhead Publishing.
• Gastronomi Journal (2021). Kültüründen üretim ve tüketime, rakamlarla tutkumuz kahve (in Turkish). Retrieved in July, 19, 2024 from https://www.gastronomidergisi.com
• Greinert, A., Mrówczyńska, M., & Szefner, W. (2019). The use of waste biomass from the wood industry and municipal sources for energy production. Sustainability, 11(11), 3083.
• Hardgrove, S. J., & Livesley, S. J. (2016). Applying spent coffee grounds directly to urban agriculture soils greatly reduces plant growth. Urban forestry & urban greening, 18, 1-8.
• International Coffee Organization (2019). Retrieved in July, 19, 2024 from http://www.ico.org/
• Lane, A. G. (1983). Anaerobic digestion of spent coffee grounds. Biomass, 3(4), 247-268.
• Lehmann, J., & Joseph, S. (2015). Biochar for environmental management: an introduction. In Biochar for environmental management (pp. 1-13). Routledge.
• Li, M., Wang, J., Guo, D., Yang, R., & Fu, H. (2019). Effect of land management practices on the concentration of dissolved organic matter in soil: A meta-analysis. Geoderma, 344, 74-81.
• Liu, Q., Liu, B., Zhang, Y., Lin, Z., Zhu, T., Sun, R., Wang, X., Ma, J., Bei, Q., Liu, G., Lin, X. & Xie, Z. (2017). Can biochar alleviate soil compaction stress on wheat growth and mitigate soil N2O emissions? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 104, 8-17.
• Lopes, C. D. C. A., Limirio, P. H. J. O., Novais, V. R., & Dechichi, P. (2018). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) application chemical characterization of enamel, dentin and bone. Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 53(9), 747-769.
• Machado, V. H., Barroso, A. P., Santos, C. S., & Machado, V. C. (2011, December). Coffee waste management. A case study. In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (pp. 293-297). IEEE.
• McNutt, J. (2019). Spent coffee grounds: A review on current utilization. Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry, 71, 78-88.
• Nandiyanto, A. B. D., Oktiani, R., & Ragadhita, R. (2019). How to read and interpret FTIR spectroscope of organic material. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology, 4(1), 97-118.
• Novak, J. M., Ippolito, J. A., Watts, D. W., Sigua, G. C., Ducey, T. F., & Johnson, M. G. (2019). Biochar compost blends facilitate switchgrass growth in mine soils by reducing Cd and Zn bioavailability. Biochar, 1, 97-114.
• Tophanecioğlu, S. Ö. (2009). Tarımsal atıklardan hızlı piroliz yöntemiyle sentetik sıvı yakıt eldesinde piroliz parametrelerinin etkisi (in Turkish) (Master's thesis, Anadolu University (Turkey)).
• Tsai, W. T., Liu, S. C., & Hsieh, C. H. (2012). Preparation and fuel properties of biochars from the pyrolysis of exhausted coffee residue. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 93, 63-67.
• Villagra-Mendoza, K., & Horn, R. (2018). Effect of biochar addition on hydraulic functions of two textural soils. Geoderma, 326, 88-95.
• Wang, S., Dai, G., Yang, H., & Luo, Z. (2017). Lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis mechanism: A state-of-the-art review. Progress in energy and combustion science, 62, 33-86.
• Weber, K., & Quicker, P. (2018). Properties of biochar. Fuel, 217, 240-261.
• Zardzewiały, M., Bajcar, M., Puchalski, C., & Gorzelany, J. (2023). The possibility of using waste biomass from selected plants cultivated for industrial purposes to produce a renewable and sustainable source of energy. Applied Sciences, 13(5), 3195.
• Zhang, J., Amonette, J. E., & Flury, M. (2021). Effect of biochar and biochar particle size on plant-available water of sand, silt loam, and clay soil. Soil and Tillage Research, 212, 104992.