The Determination of Sapling Characteristics and Affinity Situations of Some Local Cultivars on Some American Rootstocks in Grafted Vine Sapling Production
Abstract
The Gelin, Pembe Salman, and Osmanca cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. have traditionally been grown on their own roots using Goblet training systems in the Aydın province. These cultivars are sensitive to Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, making it necessary to graft nursery plants of these cultivars in future plantings. The compatibility between cultivars and rootstocks is one of the most important factors in selecting a suitable rootstock. This study evaluated the graft affinity of the Gelin, Pembe Salman, and Osmanca cultivars with five rootstocks: 41B, 110R, 140Ru, 1103P, and Fercal. After the callusing process, grafting success and rooting ratios were assessed. In autumn, the ratios of first-grade saplings and total saplings were determined. When comparing the rootstocks, the highest first-grade sapling ratio was found in 1103P at 35.9%, while the lowest ratio was in 110R at 23.5%. The middle values were recorded for the 140Ru, 41B, and Fercal rootstocks, which had percentages of 28.2%, 32.6%, and 34.7%, respectively. Among the cultivars, the Osmanca cv. had the highest first-grade sapling ratio at 35.5%. Gelin and Pembe Salman followed with ratios of 27.9% and 29.3%, respectively. Furthermore, Osmanca cv. exhibited the thickest shoots compared to the other two cultivars. Root analyses of mature saplings indicated that 110R and 140Ru exhibited the lowest values, while Fercal and 1103P had the highest values; 41B showed intermediate results. After 260 days, anatomical examinations of the graft unions revealed continuous cambial connections and well-developed conductive tissues, including xylem and phloem.
Keywords
Bench Grafting, Affinity, Compatibility, Rootstock, Vine, Grape, Seedling ratio
Supporting Institution
Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Scientific Researches Foundation
Thanks
The authors thank Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Scientific Researches Foundation with no: ZRF 08004
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