Research Article

First evidence of microplastic deposition in snow from Turkey

Volume: 8 Number: 1 March 31, 2023
EN TR

First evidence of microplastic deposition in snow from Turkey

Abstract

Microplastic pollution in snow was investigated in top of the Amanos Mountain in Hatay region, southern Turkey. Snow samples were collected from four stations located in different heights and fronts of the mountain. Abundance of microplastic ranged from 10.5 to 16 MP per liter and a total of 519 microplastic particles (MPs) were identified in snow samples. The majority of identified microplastic were fiber (>99%), black in color and 0.5 – 2.5 mm (62%) size class and polyester (35%). This is the first study examining the microplastic pollution in snow from Turkey. Local wind and trajectory analyses revealed that MPs appeared in the sampling region originated from closely located Amik Plain and/or were transported from remote areas with northwesterly and southerly airflows.

Keywords

Microplastics, Snow, Atmospheric transport, Amanos Mountain, Pollution

Thanks

We acknowledge the use of imagery from the NASA Worldview application (https://worldview.earthdata.nasa.gov), part of the NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS)

References

  1. Abbasi, S. (2021). Microplastics washout from the atmosphere during a monsoon rain event. Journal of Hazardous Matererials Advances, 4, 100035. DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2021.100035.
  2. Abbasi, S., Alirezazadeh, M., Razeghi, N., Rezaei, M., Pourmahmood, H., Dehbandi, R., Mehr, M. R., Ashayeri, S.Y., Oleszczuk, P. & Turner, A. (2022). Microplastics captured by snowfall: A study in Northern Iran. Science of the Total Environment, 822, 153451. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153451.
  3. Al-Jaibachi, R., Cuthbert, R.N. & Callaghan, A. (2019). Examining effects of ontogenic microplastic transference on Culex mosquito mortality and adult weight. Science of the Total Environment, 651, 871-876. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.236.
  4. Allen, S., Allen, D., Baladima, F., Phoenix, V.R., Thomas, J.L., Le Roux, G. & Sonke, J.E. (2021). Evidence of free tropospheric and long- range transport of microplastic at Pic du Midi Observatory. Nature Communication, 12. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27454-7.
  5. Allen, S., Allen, D., Phoenix, V.R., Le Roux, G., Jimenez, P.D., Simonneau, A., Binet, S. & Galop, D. (2019). Atmospheric transport and deposition of microplastics in a remote mountain catchment. Nature Geoscience, 12, 339-344.
  6. Atamanalp, M., Köktürk, M., Parlak, V., Ucar, A., Arslan, G. & Alak, G. (2022). A new record for the presence of microplastics in dominant fish species of the Karasu River Erzurum, Turkey. Environmental Sciences and Pollution Research, 29, 7866-7876. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021- 16243-w.
  7. Bergmann, M., Mützel, S., Primpke, S., Tekman, M.B., Trachsel, J. & Gerdts, G. (2019). White and wonderful? Microplastics prevail in snow from the Alps to the Arctic. Science Advances, 5, 1-11. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax1157.
  8. Betts, K. (2008). Why small plastic particles may pose a big problem in the oceans. Environmental Science & Technology, 42, 8995.
  9. Boerger, C.M., Lattin, G. L., Moore, S.L. & Moore, C. J. (2010). Plastic ingestion by planktivorous fishes in the North Pacific central gyre. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60, 2275-2278.
  10. Brahney, J., Hallerud, M., Heim, E., Hahnenberger, M. & Sukumaran, S. (2020). Plastic rain in protected areas of the United States. Science, 80, 368, 1257-1260. DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz5819.
APA
Yücel, N., Tutsak, E., & Kılıç, E. (2023). First evidence of microplastic deposition in snow from Turkey. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 8(1), 95-102. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1233006
AMA
1.Yücel N, Tutsak E, Kılıç E. First evidence of microplastic deposition in snow from Turkey. JAES. 2023;8(1):95-102. doi:10.35229/jaes.1233006
Chicago
Yücel, Nebil, Ersin Tutsak, and Ece Kılıç. 2023. “First Evidence of Microplastic Deposition in Snow from Turkey”. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences 8 (1): 95-102. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1233006.
EndNote
Yücel N, Tutsak E, Kılıç E (March 1, 2023) First evidence of microplastic deposition in snow from Turkey. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences 8 1 95–102.
IEEE
[1]N. Yücel, E. Tutsak, and E. Kılıç, “First evidence of microplastic deposition in snow from Turkey”, JAES, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 95–102, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.35229/jaes.1233006.
ISNAD
Yücel, Nebil - Tutsak, Ersin - Kılıç, Ece. “First Evidence of Microplastic Deposition in Snow from Turkey”. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences 8/1 (March 1, 2023): 95-102. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1233006.
JAMA
1.Yücel N, Tutsak E, Kılıç E. First evidence of microplastic deposition in snow from Turkey. JAES. 2023;8:95–102.
MLA
Yücel, Nebil, et al. “First Evidence of Microplastic Deposition in Snow from Turkey”. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, vol. 8, no. 1, Mar. 2023, pp. 95-102, doi:10.35229/jaes.1233006.
Vancouver
1.Nebil Yücel, Ersin Tutsak, Ece Kılıç. First evidence of microplastic deposition in snow from Turkey. JAES. 2023 Mar. 1;8(1):95-102. doi:10.35229/jaes.1233006