In this study the investigators used two different approaches to investigate preservice teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) competencies and self-regulated learning skills (SRL). The first study was conducted at Ahmet Keleşoğlu Education Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University (NEU), Konya, Turkiye and the second study was conducted at Arkansas Tech University (ATU), Arkansas, the United States. The data from the participants at NEU was collected from 375 preservice teachers to examine the correlation among preservice teachers’ TPACK competencies, SRL and their gender and years of study. Although the findings revealed that preservice teachers’ TPACK competencies differed by their gender and year of study, there was no significant difference in their SRL skills. Finally, the results indicated that there were positive and significant relationships between the preservice teachers’ TPACK competencies and their self-regulated learning skills. The data from the ATU participants was collected from 66 preservice teachers (54 undergraduates, 12 graduate). The ATU study examined the impact of employing project-based learning (PBL) on students’ TPACK competencies, self-efficacy (SE), and SRL in different learning environments. The findings indicated that the use of PBL does enhance preservice teachers’ SRL skills in all learning environments. Finally, the findings indicated that students’ TPACK competencies significantly increased after using PBL.
Akgun, O. E., & Öztürk, E. (2014). The psychometric properties of the technological pedagogical content knowledge scale. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(3), 544-557. http://dx.doi.org/10.15345/iojes.2014.03.004
Arslan, A. (2014). Determining the perceptions of primary school English teachers on subject area competencies. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(4), 203-232.
Arslan, S., & Gelişli, Y. (2015). Development of perceived self-regulation scale: validity and reliability study. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 5(3), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.19126/suje.07146
Bakaç, E., & Raşit, Ö. (2018). The relationship between preservice teachers’ self-directed learning readiness levels and technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) competencies. Education Sciences, 13(2), 90-105. https://www.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2018.13.2.1C0682
Bandura, A. (2006). Toward a psychology of human agency. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(2), 164-180.
Blumenfeld, P. C., Soloway, E., Marx, R. W., Krajcik, J. S., Guzdial, M., & Palincsar, A. (1991). Motivating project-based learning: Sustaining the doing, supporting the learning. Educational psychologist, 26(3-4), 369-398.
Callister, T., & Dunne, F. (1992). The computer as doorstop: Technology as disempowerment. Phi Delta Kappan, 74(4), 324–326.
Chai, C. S., Chin, C. K., Koh, J. H. L., & Tan, C. L. (2013). Exploring Singaporean Chinese language teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge and its relationship to the teachers’ pedagogical beliefs. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 22(4), 657-666. https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs40299-013-0071-3
Chen, C.-H., & Yang, Y.-C. (2019). Revisiting the effects of project-based learning on students’ academic achievement: A meta-analysis investigating moderators. Educational Research Review, 26, 71-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2018.11.001
Cosnefroy, L., & Carré, P. (2014). Self-regulated and self-directed learning: Why don't some neighbors communicate? International Journal of Self-Directed Learning, 11,1-12.
Cox, S. (2008). A conceptual analysis of technological pedagogical content knowledge. Brigham Young University.
Dogru, O. (2020). An investigation of pre-service visual arts teachers' perceptions of computer self-efficacy and attitudes towards web-based instruction. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 6(4), 629-637. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijres.v6i4.1454
Drugova, E., Zhuravleva, I., Aiusheeva, M., & Grits, D. (2021). Toward a model of learning innovation integration: TPACK-SAMR based analysis of the introduction of a digital learning environment in three Russian universities. Education and information technologies, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10514-2
Duke, N. K., Halvorsen, A.-L., & Strachan, S. L. (2016). Project-based learning not just for STEM anymore. Phi Delta Kappan, 98(1), 14-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/00317217166660
Graham, C. R. (2011). Theoretical considerations for understanding technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Computers & Education, 57(3), 1953-1960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.04.010
Gülcü, A., Solak, M., Aydın, S., & Koçak, Ö. (2013). Opinions about using technology in educations of branch teachers working at primary schools. Electronic Turkish Studies, 8(6),195-213. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.21.95.8.4
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International journal of educational research, 102, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Gürşimşek, I. (2002). Öğretmen adaylarında öğrenmeye ilişkin motivasyonel inançlar ve strateji kullanımı [Motivational beliefs on learning and strategy use in pre-service teachers]. Muğla Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8, 135-155.
Hammann, L., & Stevens, R. (1998). Metacognitive awareness assessment in self-regulated learning and performance measures in an introductory educational psychology course.
Heo, H. (2000). Theoretical underpinnings for structuring the classroom as self-regulated learning environment. Educational Technology International, 2(1), 31-51.
Hodges, C. B., Moore, S., Lockee, B. B., Trust, T., & Bond, M. A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. Retrived September 2, 2020, from https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning
Kaleli, Y. S. (2020). The effect of computer-assisted instruction on piano education: an experimental study with pre-service music teachers. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science, 4(3), 235-246. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.v4i3.115
Kara, S. (2020). Prospective visual arts teachers' innovation skills and attitudes towards computer assisted instruction. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science, 4(2), 98-107. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.v4i2.60
Karakaya, F., & Yazici, M. (2017). Examination of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) self-efficacy for pre-service science teachers on material development. European Journal of Education Studies. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292928
Kavussanu, A. K. M. (2011). Acquisition of sport knowledge and skill: The role of self-regulatory processes George Mason university. In Handbook of Self-Regulation of Learning and Performance (pp. 231-247). Routledge.
Koyuncuoglu, Ö. (2021). An investigation of graduate students' technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK). International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 9(2), 299-313. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.1446
Mahmutoğlu, S. A. (2019). Görsel sanatlar öğretmenlerinin özel alan yeterliklerinin incelenmesi [Investigation of visual arts teachers' special field competencies] Marmara Universitesi (Turkiye)].
Min-hsun, M. S., & Duo, P.-C. (2010). EFL learners' language learning strategy use as a predictor for self-directed learning readiness. Journal of Asia TEFL, 7(2).
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017-1054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
Mishra, P., Koehler, M. J., & Kereluik, K. (2009). Looking back to the future of educational technology. TechTrends, 53(5), 49.
Montague, M. (2007). Self‐regulation and mathematics instruction. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 22(1), 75-83.
Önal, N. (2016). Development, validity, and reliability of TPACK scale with pre-service mathematics teachers. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences. http://dx.doi.org/10.15345/iojes.2016.02.009
Pajares, F., & Urdan, T. (2006). Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents. IAP-Information Age Pub., Incorporated.
Panadero, E. (2017). A review of self-regulated learning: Six models and four directions for research. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 422. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00422
Schraw, G., & Dennison, R. S. (1994). Assessing metacognitive awareness. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 19(4), 460-475.
Sperling, R., Howard, B., Staley, R., & DuBois, N. (2004). Metacognition and self-regulated learning constructs. Educational Research and Evaluation, 10(2), 117-139.
Terpstra, M. A. (2009). Developing technological pedagogical content knowledge: Preservice teachers' perceptions of how they learn to use educational technology in their teaching. Michigan State University.
Tuncer, M., & Bahadır, F. (2016). Evaluations of prospective teachers according to their attıtudes towards teaching profession and technopedagogic content knowledge competencies. Electronic Turkish Studies, 11(9).
Üredi, İ., & Üredi, L. (2005). The predictive power of 8th grade primary school students' self-regulation strategies and motivational beliefs on mathematics achievement. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2), 250-260.
Vancouver, J. B., Halper, L. R., & Bayes, K. A. (2017). Regulating our own learning: Stuff you did not realize you needed to know. Autonomous learning in the workplace, 95-116. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.4324/9781315674131-6
Zimmerman, B. (2008). Investigating self-regulation and motivation: Historical background, methodological developments, and future prospects. American Educational Research Journal, 45(1), 166-183.
Two Approaches to Investigate Preservice Teachers’ TPACK Competencies and Self-Regulated Learning Skills in Turkiye and the United States
Year 2022,
Volume: 10 Issue: 20, 531 - 546, 21.12.2022
In this study the investigators used two different approaches to investigate preservice teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) competencies and self-regulated learning skills (SRL). The first study was conducted at Ahmet Keleşoğlu Education Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University (NEU), Konya, Turkiye and the second study was conducted at Arkansas Tech University (ATU), Arkansas, the United States. The data from the participants at NEU was collected from 375 preservice teachers to examine the correlation among preservice teachers’ TPACK competencies, SRL and their gender and years of study. Although the findings revealed that preservice teachers’ TPACK competencies differed by their gender and year of study, there was no significant difference in their SRL skills. Finally, the results indicated that there were positive and significant relationships between the preservice teachers’ TPACK competencies and their self-regulated learning skills. The data from the ATU participants was collected from 66 preservice teachers (54 undergraduates, 12 graduate). The ATU study examined the impact of employing project-based learning (PBL) on students’ TPACK competencies, self-efficacy (SE), and SRL in different learning environments. The findings indicated that the use of PBL does enhance preservice teachers’ SRL skills in all learning environments. Finally, the findings indicated that students’ TPACK competencies significantly increased after using PBL.
Akgun, O. E., & Öztürk, E. (2014). The psychometric properties of the technological pedagogical content knowledge scale. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(3), 544-557. http://dx.doi.org/10.15345/iojes.2014.03.004
Arslan, A. (2014). Determining the perceptions of primary school English teachers on subject area competencies. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(4), 203-232.
Arslan, S., & Gelişli, Y. (2015). Development of perceived self-regulation scale: validity and reliability study. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 5(3), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.19126/suje.07146
Bakaç, E., & Raşit, Ö. (2018). The relationship between preservice teachers’ self-directed learning readiness levels and technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) competencies. Education Sciences, 13(2), 90-105. https://www.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2018.13.2.1C0682
Bandura, A. (2006). Toward a psychology of human agency. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(2), 164-180.
Blumenfeld, P. C., Soloway, E., Marx, R. W., Krajcik, J. S., Guzdial, M., & Palincsar, A. (1991). Motivating project-based learning: Sustaining the doing, supporting the learning. Educational psychologist, 26(3-4), 369-398.
Callister, T., & Dunne, F. (1992). The computer as doorstop: Technology as disempowerment. Phi Delta Kappan, 74(4), 324–326.
Chai, C. S., Chin, C. K., Koh, J. H. L., & Tan, C. L. (2013). Exploring Singaporean Chinese language teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge and its relationship to the teachers’ pedagogical beliefs. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 22(4), 657-666. https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs40299-013-0071-3
Chen, C.-H., & Yang, Y.-C. (2019). Revisiting the effects of project-based learning on students’ academic achievement: A meta-analysis investigating moderators. Educational Research Review, 26, 71-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2018.11.001
Cosnefroy, L., & Carré, P. (2014). Self-regulated and self-directed learning: Why don't some neighbors communicate? International Journal of Self-Directed Learning, 11,1-12.
Cox, S. (2008). A conceptual analysis of technological pedagogical content knowledge. Brigham Young University.
Dogru, O. (2020). An investigation of pre-service visual arts teachers' perceptions of computer self-efficacy and attitudes towards web-based instruction. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 6(4), 629-637. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijres.v6i4.1454
Drugova, E., Zhuravleva, I., Aiusheeva, M., & Grits, D. (2021). Toward a model of learning innovation integration: TPACK-SAMR based analysis of the introduction of a digital learning environment in three Russian universities. Education and information technologies, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10514-2
Duke, N. K., Halvorsen, A.-L., & Strachan, S. L. (2016). Project-based learning not just for STEM anymore. Phi Delta Kappan, 98(1), 14-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/00317217166660
Graham, C. R. (2011). Theoretical considerations for understanding technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Computers & Education, 57(3), 1953-1960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.04.010
Gülcü, A., Solak, M., Aydın, S., & Koçak, Ö. (2013). Opinions about using technology in educations of branch teachers working at primary schools. Electronic Turkish Studies, 8(6),195-213. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.21.95.8.4
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International journal of educational research, 102, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Gürşimşek, I. (2002). Öğretmen adaylarında öğrenmeye ilişkin motivasyonel inançlar ve strateji kullanımı [Motivational beliefs on learning and strategy use in pre-service teachers]. Muğla Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8, 135-155.
Hammann, L., & Stevens, R. (1998). Metacognitive awareness assessment in self-regulated learning and performance measures in an introductory educational psychology course.
Heo, H. (2000). Theoretical underpinnings for structuring the classroom as self-regulated learning environment. Educational Technology International, 2(1), 31-51.
Hodges, C. B., Moore, S., Lockee, B. B., Trust, T., & Bond, M. A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. Retrived September 2, 2020, from https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning
Kaleli, Y. S. (2020). The effect of computer-assisted instruction on piano education: an experimental study with pre-service music teachers. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science, 4(3), 235-246. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.v4i3.115
Kara, S. (2020). Prospective visual arts teachers' innovation skills and attitudes towards computer assisted instruction. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science, 4(2), 98-107. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.v4i2.60
Karakaya, F., & Yazici, M. (2017). Examination of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) self-efficacy for pre-service science teachers on material development. European Journal of Education Studies. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292928
Kavussanu, A. K. M. (2011). Acquisition of sport knowledge and skill: The role of self-regulatory processes George Mason university. In Handbook of Self-Regulation of Learning and Performance (pp. 231-247). Routledge.
Koyuncuoglu, Ö. (2021). An investigation of graduate students' technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK). International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 9(2), 299-313. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.1446
Mahmutoğlu, S. A. (2019). Görsel sanatlar öğretmenlerinin özel alan yeterliklerinin incelenmesi [Investigation of visual arts teachers' special field competencies] Marmara Universitesi (Turkiye)].
Min-hsun, M. S., & Duo, P.-C. (2010). EFL learners' language learning strategy use as a predictor for self-directed learning readiness. Journal of Asia TEFL, 7(2).
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017-1054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
Mishra, P., Koehler, M. J., & Kereluik, K. (2009). Looking back to the future of educational technology. TechTrends, 53(5), 49.
Montague, M. (2007). Self‐regulation and mathematics instruction. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 22(1), 75-83.
Önal, N. (2016). Development, validity, and reliability of TPACK scale with pre-service mathematics teachers. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences. http://dx.doi.org/10.15345/iojes.2016.02.009
Pajares, F., & Urdan, T. (2006). Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents. IAP-Information Age Pub., Incorporated.
Panadero, E. (2017). A review of self-regulated learning: Six models and four directions for research. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 422. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00422
Schraw, G., & Dennison, R. S. (1994). Assessing metacognitive awareness. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 19(4), 460-475.
Sperling, R., Howard, B., Staley, R., & DuBois, N. (2004). Metacognition and self-regulated learning constructs. Educational Research and Evaluation, 10(2), 117-139.
Terpstra, M. A. (2009). Developing technological pedagogical content knowledge: Preservice teachers' perceptions of how they learn to use educational technology in their teaching. Michigan State University.
Tuncer, M., & Bahadır, F. (2016). Evaluations of prospective teachers according to their attıtudes towards teaching profession and technopedagogic content knowledge competencies. Electronic Turkish Studies, 11(9).
Üredi, İ., & Üredi, L. (2005). The predictive power of 8th grade primary school students' self-regulation strategies and motivational beliefs on mathematics achievement. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2), 250-260.
Vancouver, J. B., Halper, L. R., & Bayes, K. A. (2017). Regulating our own learning: Stuff you did not realize you needed to know. Autonomous learning in the workplace, 95-116. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.4324/9781315674131-6
Zimmerman, B. (2008). Investigating self-regulation and motivation: Historical background, methodological developments, and future prospects. American Educational Research Journal, 45(1), 166-183.
Aydoğmuş, M., & Ibrahim, M. (2022). Two Approaches to Investigate Preservice Teachers’ TPACK Competencies and Self-Regulated Learning Skills in Turkiye and the United States. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 10(20), 531-546. https://doi.org/10.18009/jcer.1107419
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