Cultural Intelligence and Adaptation in Global Aviation: Insights from Turkish Expatriates

Abstract

This study examines the intercultural communication and adaptation processes of Turkish aviation professionals working abroad, illuminating the challenges they face and the strategies they employ to navigate these complexities. Through in-depth interviews with 32 participants analyzed using MAXQDA software, the research identified eight key themes that significantly influence adaptation: cultural differences, material and social rights, security, xenophobia, international experience, language competence, duration of stay abroad, and personal traits. The study’s key findings emphasize the importance of cultural intelligence (CQ), language proficiency, and psychosocial resilience as crucial factors for successful adaptation, complemented by external factors such as material benefits and safety. Additionally, it underscores the valuable role of prior international experience and family support in enhancing adjustment capabilities, while xenophobia and security concerns are noted as substantial barriers to effective adaptation. These findings align with established theories, including Hall’s communication contexts and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, contributing to the literature on expatriate management and intercultural communication. Practical recommendations emphasize the need for pre-departure cultural training, host language support, family integration, and inclusive policies to mitigate xenophobia, thereby providing a robust framework to enhance intercultural adaptation in the aviation sector and guide future research on global labor mobility.

Keywords

• intercultural communication
• cultural adaptation
• cultural intelligence (CQ)
• emotional intelligence (EQ)
• expatriates
• aviation industry
• Turkish professionals

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