Journal of Empirical Economics and Social Sciences

Journal of Empirical Economics and Social Sciences (JEESS) is committed to real and immediate open access for academic work. Journal of Empirical Economics and Social Sciences (JEESS) is a peer-reviewed and periodical journal published twice(January and June) a year. JEESS may publish additional or special issue in some periods. JEESS publishes research articles in Turkish and English languages and assigns the DOI number to all published articles automatically. Manuscripts sent to JEESS for evaluation should not be published before, not accepted for publication, and not in the process of being evaluated for publication on any other journal. Responsibility of the manuscripts are in the evaluation period and published are entirely up to the author (s). Our Issues are published electronically. The copyright of the published articles belong to JEESS.

Journal of Empirical Economics and Social Sciences (JEESS) aims to publish high quality research articles which can contribute to the theoretical and applied fields in economics, business administration, public administration, finance, econometrics, labor economics, law and political science. Articles submitted to the JEESS are sent to at least two remarks for blind-review after preliminary examination in terms of form and content. Positive feedback from the referees is taken to the publishing process. If a positive and a negative report is received from the blind-review process, a third trial will be sent if it is deemed appropriate by the Journal Editor.

PUBLICATION GUIDELINES.

1. The manuscripts sent to the JEESS should not have been published anywhere before and should not be available for publication at the present time.

2. Manuscripts from any of the languages of Turkish and English is published in JEESS. Scientific and linguistic responsibility for the manuscript published in the JEESS belongs to the author(s)

3. Manuscripts will be evaluated not only by academicians, but also by researchers and practitioners.

4. Manuscripty that has been previously presented at conferences and has not been published in full proceeding but only the abstract can be accepted into the publication evaluation process as indicated in the study.

5. Submissions of Manuscripts should be sent electronically via dergipark.org.tr/journaleess. To be able to submit the articles online through the website and to track the process of the manuscripts during the referee evaluation process, membership to dergipark and login should be made.Personal information registered into the site of JEESS will only be used for the stated purpose of the journal and will not be accessible for any other purpose or for any other party.

6. Articles sent to JEESS are available to the authors through the dergipark system and the evaluation reports can be easily followed by the authors through there.

7. Manuscript file will be uploaded to the system without author information during submission. Author information should be uploaded as a separate file with the name of the article in the form of identification. Identification file should include ORCID Number(s) of Author(s). Submission should be in Microsoft Word Format. Submissions do not comply with the Journal Rules are not included in the evaluation process. In Articles ready for publication, the author names should be written on the right under Heading in Turkish, 11 Font size, Bold, Title and Surname UPPERCASE. The copyright information of author(s) should be added to the bottom of the first page in 9 font size with star(*) footnotes.

8. JEESS is based on the principle of not knowing the author(s) (blind-review). Manuscripts submitted to the referee,  information about the author's identity is kept secret.

9. Articles submitted to the JEESS are sent to at least two remarks for blind-review after preliminary examination in terms of form and content. Positive feedback from the referees is taken to the publishing process. If a positive and a negative report is received from the blind-review process, a third trial will be sent if it is deemed appropriate by the Journal Editor.

10. Author(s) who submitted articles to JEESS are deemed to have accepted the terms and conditions of the referee evaluation of the JEESS.

11. Article(s) do not comply with the rules of spelling or linguistic information are returned to the author(s) without being sent to the referees in the JEESS after the preliminary examination. Any form and content changes may be requested from the authors of the preliminary examination.

12. During layout work, the author(s) must respond to the checks and corrections made during the specified period. The author (s) who do not respond within the specified period will be postponed to be evaluated at the next issue.

13. Assessment process completed articles are listed as of the date of submission and published in the relevant issue of JEESS. Acceptance letter is sent to the authors for the accepted articles in case of request. Same author(s) will not publish two articles in one issue at a time.

14. JEESS publishes translations outside of the original research. The copy showing where the translation has been published should be sent as a supplement to the manuscript with the approval of the author(s) and the manuscript of the first publication.

15. In the direction of the reports from the blind-reviews, it is decided whether or not the author is required to make corrections, additional information and abbreviations in the report frame or publishing the articles. This decision is reported to the author(s) through the system. The author(s) have to make all changes requested by the referees. Articles will not be published until the desired changes are made.

16. All the publications accepted and published in JEESS, the publishing rights in the written and electronic environment belong to JEESS.

17. No copyright payments are made to author(s) for articles published in JEESS. Regarding the articles accepted or published, the author(s) shall transfer the copyright directly to JEESS without any procedure.

18. Opinions expressed in the editorial and the responsibility of articles belong to the authors.

19. Articles accepted or published for publication may not be reproduced or published in any form without written permission of JEESS. Quotation is allowed as long as a citation is provided.

20. It is not possible for the author(s) to withdraw the submission sent to JEESS during referee process  and to cancel to initiate the referee process, nor does it conform to scientific ethics. Taking this fact into consideration by the authors when submitting a manuscripts will also prevent the academic ethical grievances of the parties with possible work and time loss.

21. If the research article or manuscript is supported by an institution or is produced from a thesis, it should be indicated on the same page as a footnote (1) on the last word of the title.

AUTHOR GUIDELINES:

Font Type and Page Layout;

1. Manuscripts submitted to the journal should have a maximum of 20 A4 pages with 1,5-line spacing including bibliographies, tables and figures. The manuscript should be prepared in 11 fontsize, Times New Roman font and English language font. Space between each paragraph (after 6 nk) must be left blank. The number of pages of the manuscript may exceed the upper limit after corrections demands from the blind reviewers with publication page layouts, citation, logo and similar arrangements.

2. For each side of the page structure (right-left, top-bottom) the margins should be 2.5 cm. Page numbers should be located at the bottom right corner of the page

Main Body;

3. The author information includes the manuscript file on the first page; English title, English abstract, keywords under the abstracts, JEL Classification Codes and the Introduction should be composed of main text, results, bibliography and appendices.

Title of Article;

4. Titles should be typed in Times New Roman, 11 fontsize and bold, with a capital letter, centered on the abstract section, with 1.5 pt line spacing.

Abstract, Keywords & JEL Classification

5. All submitted manuscripts should have an abstract in English with Italic fonts. Keywords should be in English below the abstracts. The first letter of the key words should be Uppercase, left-aligned with the JEL codes. Abbreviation should not be used in the abstracts and should not exceed 150 words. Also in abstract section, attention should be paid to the inclusion of purpose, method, findings and conclusions.

6. At least three (3) JEL (Journal of Economic Literature) classification codes should be written on the two-digit level (eg Q11) in the submitted manuscripts. For JEL classifications that should be selected according to the topic of the manuscript, please refer to http://www.aeaweb.org/journal/jel_class_system.php .

7. Abstracts, Keywords and JEL codes should be in Times New Roman, 11 pt, 1.5 line spacing, italicized. Only the titles of these sections should be bold.

Main Body & Section Heading;

8. The main body of manuscripts should be written as 11 pt, 1,5 line spaced and justified using Times New Roman font. The first lines of paragraphs indentation should be 1 cm. Main title and subheadings of manuscripts should be numbered and bold, starting from the Introduction (except references), in decimal form as in 1, 1.1, 1.1.1. Subdivisions should be opened up to the third level (such as 1.2.3.) in manuscripts, and if necessary, the lower level headings should be written in italic and bold without numbering. The heading must be left-justified with the first heading number associated with this heading, and the subheadings associated with this heading indentation must be 1 cm from the numbering. Only main titles should be written in capital letters, and only the first letter of sub headings should be Uppercase. 12 nk before, then 6 nk lining space should be left for each Main Titles. 6 nk lining space should be left for each paragraph.

Tables, Figures & Graphs;

9. Tables, figures and charts should be displayed consecutively (Table 1, Table2, Figure 1, Figure 2, Chart 1, Chart 2) in appropriate place of the manuscripts, centered on the page. Each table, figure or chart should be given a caption. The caption must appear on the table, figure or chart, with Times New Roman, 11 pt, bold, centered on the page. A table, figure or graphic caption name should be written with a single dot after it is given together with a writing number of the table, figure or graphic. The lining space of the table, figure or chart caption  should be (after 6 nk). Tables, Figures or Charts can also be used horizontally if needed. The text in the table, figure and chart should be in 10 pt fontsize and 9 pt fontsize for reference of table, figure or chart. 

10. The tables should be used with output of the software program, the author(s) should edit the tables and results themselves. Tables should be arranged as far as possible for A4 paper size. Shapes shouldn't be computer software program output, should be drawing and not exceeding A4 paper size.

Mathematical Equations & Formulas;

11. Mathematical equations and formulas in main body should be centered and ordered by number. Numbering should be done in parenthetical at the right of the line. Formulas and Equations should be written via Math Type or Word Equation Editor.

In-text Referencing;

12. Citation should be made in accordance with the APA (American Psychological Association) reference format using link method in the main body. Explanatory notes should be given as footnote 9 pt font size at the bottom of the page(Each footnote should be 9 pt as well). Sources in main body should include the surname, publication date, and page number of the author(s) who is/are included in the article. For instance, (Çetinoğlu, 2002)...; (Çetin, 2002: 182)...; (Eliçin, 2001: 182-186). If the author(s) surname is/are used in the sentence, it is sufficient to post the publication date only in parentheses after the name. For instance, According to Özer and Birkan(2000)...; According to Birtan(2007)...; Özer and Birkan (2004)...; Özkul, Biran and Akın (2004). Both authors surname should be written if referenced to two authors studies. For Instance; (Yamak and Maraş, 2009: 47). If referring to a study for the first time with the number of authors is between three and five, the surnames of all authors should be written. For Instance, (Özkul, Uzun, Güzel, Özer and Soysal, 1992: 154-198). In later references to the same source, only the first author's surname and "et al." should be written. For Instance (Özkul et al., 1992: 154-198). When referring to a study with six or more authors, the surname of the first author should be written in the first place and the next citation in the text, and the expression "et al."should be used. For Instance (Özkul et al., 2005: 154-198). If the author(s) refer to more than one work published in the same year, symbols (a, b, c, ..) should be written at the end of the publication year. For instance (Darıcı, 2015a) or (Darıcı, 2015b: 125). If referring more than one study at the end of a sentence hese sources should be listed parenthetical according to the publication date and a semicolon (;) must be placed between them. For instance, (Bozok, 2009, Mert, 2008: 25, Özer and others, 2005, Vahitoglu, Gürler and Özdağ, 2003: 61). If there is no author name, the institution name should be used instead of author. (DPT, 2004: 32). For Internet resources date of access should be written. (TUBITAK; 23.04.2015)

Bibliography (References)

14. References should be placed in alphabetical order by considering the surnames of the authors and at the end of the article in 11 pt. Paragraph spacing between each reference should be before and after (6 pt). If more than one study of the author (s) has been used in the same year, these works should be listed in front of the year of publication like (a, b, c, ..). The bibliography should be organized as shown below

(i) Reference to a book:

Stopford, M. (1997). Maritime Economics. New York: Routledge. 

(ii) Translated book:

Davison, A. (2006). Türkiye’de Sekülerizm ve Modernlik. Tuncay Birkan (Trans.). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.

(iii) Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

Esen, Ö., & Aydın, C. (2018). Tunisia. In: S. Özdemir, S. Erdoğan, & A. Gedikli (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Sociopolitical Factors Impacting Economic Growth in Islamic Nations (pp. 68-94). USA: IGI Global.

(iv) Reference to a journal publication:

Esen, Ö. (2016). Security of the energy supply in Turkey: Prospects, challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 6(2), 281-289

(v) Two authors:

Aydin, C., & Esen, Ö. (2018). Does the level of energy intensity matter in the effect of energy consumption on the growth of transition economies? Evidence from dynamic panel threshold analysis. Energy Economics, 69, 185-195.

(vi) Theses and dissertations:

Esen, Ö. (2013). Sürdürülebilir Büyüme Bağlamında Türkiye’nin Enerji Açığı Sorunu: 2012-2020 Dönemi Enerji Açığı Projeksiyonu. Doctoral Dissertation. Erzurum: Atatürk University.

(vii) Internet Based Sources

IATA (2016). Annual Reports Review. (15.10.2017), Retrieved from https://www.iata.org/about/Documents/iata-annual-review-2016.pdf

(vii) Symposium or Congress Presentation

Darıcı, B. (2018). Ekolojik Ayakizi ile Reel Gelir Arasındaki İlişki. International Conference on Empirical Economics Social Sciences, Bandırma-Balıkesir.

(ix) Official Document, statement etc.

DPT (2003). Ekonomik Rapor.DPT Yayınları No: 2003-77, Ankara.

• Author(s) must submit original studies to the journal. If they utilize or use other studies, they must make the in-text and end-text references accurately and completely.
• People who have not contributed to the study at the intellectual level should not be indicated as author.
• If the manuscripts submitted to be published are subject of conflicting interests or relations, these must be explained.
• During the review process of their manuscripts, author(s) may be asked to supply raw data. In such a case, author(s) should be ready to submit such data and information to the editorial and scientific boards.
• Author(s) should document that they have the participants' consent and the necessary permissions related with the sharing and research/analysis of the data that are used.
• Author(s) bears the responsibility to inform the editor of the journal or publisher if they happen to notice a mistake in their study which is in early release or publication process and to cooperate with the editors during the correction or withdrawal process.
• Authors cannot submit their studies to multiple journals simultaneously. Each submission can be made only after the previous one is completed. A study published in another journal cannot be submitted to JEESS. Author responsibilities given in a study (e.g.: adding an author, reordering of author names) whose review process has begun cannot be changed.

• Making efforts to meet the demand for knowledge from readers and authors,
• Ensuring the continuous development of the journal,
  
• Managing the procedures aimed to improve the quality of the studies published in the journal,
  
• Supporting freedom of expression,
  
• Ensuring academic integrity,
  
• Following the procedures without making concessions on intellectual property rights and ethical standards,
  
• Being transparent and clear in issues that require correction or explanation.

Relationships with Reviewers

Editors have the following duties and responsibilities in their relations with reviewers:

Editors must

• Choose reviewers according to the subject of the study.
• Provide the information and guidance reviewers may need during the review process.
• Observe whether there are conflicting interests between reviewers and authors.
• Keep the identities of reviewers confidential in blind review.
• Encourage the reviewers to review the manuscript in an unbiased, scientific and objective tone.
• Develop practices and policies that increase the performance of reviewers.
• Take necessary steps to update the reviewer pool dynamically.
• Prevent unkind and unscientific reviews.
• Make effort to ensure the reviewer pool has a wide range.
  

Relationships with the Editorial Board

Editors must make sure that the members of the editorial board follow the procedures in accordance with the publication policies and guidelines, and must inform the members about the publication policies and developments. Moreover, editors must

• Ensure that the members of the editorial board review the manuscripts in an unbiased and independent manner.
• Select the new members of the editorial board from those who can contribute to the journal and are qualified enough.
• Send manuscripts for review based on the subject of expertise of the editorial board members.
• Regularly communicate with the editorial board.Arrange regular meetings with the editorial board for the development of publication policies and the journal.

Relationships with the Journal's Owner and Publisher

The relationship between the editors and publisher is based on the principle of the independency of editors. All the decisions made by the editors are independent of the publisher and the owner of the journal as required by the agreement made between editors and publisher.

Editorial and Blind Review Processes

Editors are obliged to comply with the policies of "Blind Review and Review Process" stated in the journal's publication policies. Therefore, the editors ensure that each manuscript is reviewed in an unbiased, fair and timely manner.

Quality Assurance

Editors must make sure that articles in the journal are published in accordance with the publication policies of the journal and international standards.

Protection of Personal Information

Editors are supposed to protect the personal information related with the subjects or visuals in the studies being reviewed, and to reject the study if there is no documentation of the subjects' consent. Furthermore, editors are supposed to protect the personal information of the authors, reviewers and readers.

Encouraging Ethical Rules and Protection of Human and Animal Rights

Editors are supposed to protect human and animal rights in the studies being reviewed and must reject the experimental studies which do not have ethical and related committee’s approval about the population given in such studies.

Precautions against possible Abuse and Malpractice

Editors are supposed to take precautions against possible abuse and malpractice. They must conduct investigations meticulously and objectively in determining and evaluating complaints about such situations. They must also share the results of the investigation.

Ensuring Academic Integrity

Editors must make sure that the mistakes, inconsistencies or misdirections in studies are corrected quickly.

Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Editors are responsible for protecting the intellectual property rights of all the articles published in the journal and the rights of the journal and author(s) in cases where these rights are violated. Also, editors must take the necessary precautions in order to prevent the content of all published articles from violating the intellectual property rights of other publications.

Constructiveness and Openness to Discussion

Editors must

• Pay attention to the convincing criticism about studies published in the journal and must have a constructive attitude towards such criticism.
• Grant the right of reply to the author(s) of the criticized study.
• Not ignore or exclude the study that include negative results.

Complaints

Editors must examine the complaints from authors, reviewers or readers and respond to them in an explanatory and enlightening manner.

Political and Economic Apprehensions

Neither the owner of the journal, publisher or any other political or economical factor can influence the independent decision taking of the editors.

Conflicting Interests

Editors, acknowledging that there may be conflicting interests between reviewers and other editors, guarantee that the publication process of the manuscripts will be completed in an independent and unbiased manner

Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers

The fact that all manuscripts are reviewed through "Blind Review" has a direct influence on the publication quality. This process ensures confidentiality by objective and independent review. The review process at JEESS is carried out on the principle of double blind review. Reviewers do not contact the authors directly, and the reviews and comments are conveyed through the journal management system. In this process, the reviewer views on the evaluation forms and full texts are assigned to the author(s) by the editor. Therefore, the reviewers doing review work for JEESS are supposed to bear the following ethical responsibilities:

Reviewers must

• Agree to review only in their subject of expertise.
• Review in an unbiased and confidential manner.
• Inform the editor of the journal if they think that they encounter conflict of interests and decline to review the manuscript during the review process.
• Dispose the manuscripts they have reviewed in accordance with the principle of confidentiality after the review process. Reviewers can use the final versions of the manuscripts they have reviewed only after publication.
• Review the manuscript objectively and only in terms of its content and ensure that nationality, gender, religious and political beliefs, and economic apprehension do not influence the review.
• Review the manuscript in a constructive and kind tone, avoid making personal comments including hostility, slander and insult.
• Review the manuscript they have agreed to review on time and in accordance with the ethical rules stated above.

Ethical Responsibilities of Publisher

Bandirma Onyedi Eylül University, Faculty of Administrative and Economy, publisher of JEESS

The Editors and the Editorial Board of JEESS are conscious of the fact that they must observe the ethical responsibilities below and act accordingly:

• Editors are responsible for all the processes that the manuscripts submitted to JEESS will go through. Within this framework, ignoring the economic or political interests, the decision-makers are the editors.
• The publisher undertakes to have an independent editorial decision made.
• The publisher protects the intellectual property rights of all the articles published in JEESS and holds the responsibility to keep a record of each unpublished article.
• The publisher bears all the responsibility to take the precautions against scientific abuse, fraud and plagiarism.

Unethical Behaviour

Should you encounter any unethical act or content in JEESS apart from the ethical responsibilities listed above, please notify the journal by e-mail at burakdarici@gmail.com.

All expenses of the journal are covered by the Journal of Empirical Economics and Social Sciences (JEESS). Processing and publication are free of charge with the journal. There is no article processing charges or submission fees for any submitted or accepted articles.