Gebelik döneminde beden imajını etkileyen sosyodemografik, obstetrik ve kas-iskelet sistemi ile ilişkili faktörlerin araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, gebelik döneminde beden imajını etkileyen çeşitli sosyodemografik, obstetrik ve kas-iskelet sistemi ağrısıyla ile ilişkili faktörlerin araştırılmasıydı. Yöntem: Çalışma, yaşları 18-40 arasında olan ve gebeliğin en az 12. haftasında bulunan 107 gebe ile gerçekleştirildi. Gebelerin yaş, boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, eğitim durumu ve obstetrik öyküleri (gebelik haftası, gebelik ve doğum sayısı) yarı yapılandırılmış bir değerlendirme formu kullanılarak toplandı. Beden imajı, “Gebelikte Beden İmajı Ölçeği” ile değerlendirildi. Gebelerin çeşitli vücut bölgelerinde yaşadıkları ağrılar ayrıntılı olarak sorgulandı ve ağrılı bölge sayısı kaydedildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan gebelerin ortalama yaşı 28,53±4,98 yıldı. Gebelerin %47,70’i üniversite mezunu iken %41,10’u lise mezunuydu. Gebelik haftası, ortanca olarak 25 hafta olup 14 ve 39 hafta arasında değişmekteydi. Beden imajı ile gebelik haftası, gebelik ve doğum sayısı arasında ilişki olmadığı bulundu (r=-0,062, p=0,52; r=-0,016, p=0,87; r=-0,109 p=0,26 sırasıyla). Beden imajı ölçek toplam skorunun; eğitim durumu (r=0,220, p=0,02), ağrılı bölge sayısı (r=0,451, p=0,00) ve gebelikte Vücut Kitle İndeksi (VKİ) (r=0,191, p=0,049) ile pozitif ilişkili olduğu ortaya konuldu. Regresyon modeli, beden imajındaki varyansın %25,60’sını açıkladı ve eğitim durumu, ağrılı bölge sayısı ve gebelik VKİ’nin beden imajını anlamlı şekilde yordadığı bulundu (R=0,506; R2:0,256, Adj. R2=0,235, F=11,385; p<0,01). Sonuç: Bu bulgular, gebelikte eğitim seviyesinin yükselmesinin, kas-iskelet sistemi ağrısının fazla sayıda bölgede hissedilmesinin ve yüksek VKİ’nin, beden imajını daha olumsuz etkilediğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Prenatal
• Anne sağlığı
• Biyopsikososyal

Investigation of sociodemographic, obstetric, and musculoskeletal system-related factors affecting body image during pregnancy

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate sociodemographic, obstetric, and musculoskeletal pain-related factors affecting body image during pregnancy. Methods: The study included 107 pregnant women aged 18–40 years and at least 12 weeks pregnant. Age, height, weight, educational status, and obstetric history (gestational week, number of pregnancies, and births) were recorded using a semi-structured evaluation form. Body image was assessed with the Body Image in Pregnancy Scale. The pregnant women were questioned in detail about the pain they experienced in various body parts, and the number of painful areas was recorded. Results: The mean age of participants was 28.53±4.98 years. Of the participants, 47.70% were university graduates, and 41.10% were high school graduates. The median gestational week was 25 (range: 14–39 weeks). Body image scale total score was not associated with gestational week, number of pregnancies, or births (r=-0,062, p=0,52; r=-0,016, p=0,87; r=-0,109 p=0,26 respectively). However, it was positively correlated with educational status (r=0.220, p=0.02), number of painful areas (r=0.451, p=0.00), and Body Mass Index (BMI) during pregnancy (r=0.191, p=0.04). The regression model explained 25.60% of the variance in body image, with educational level, number of painful areas, and BMI emerging as significant predictors (R=0,506; R2:0,256, Adj. R2=0,235, F=11,385; p<0,01). Conclusion: These findings indicate that higher education levels, more musculoskeletal pain, and higher BMI during pregnancy are associated with a more negative body image.

Keywords

• Prenatal
• Maternal health
• Biopsychosocial.

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