Ultra işlenmiş besinlerin bazı hastalıklar ile ilişkisi

Abstract

Ultra işlenmiş besinler şeker, tuz, sıvı ve katı yağların ana ürün olduğu kimyasal gıda katkı maddelerini de içeren çok bileşenli endüstriyel formülasyonlar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Ultra işlenmiş besinlerin genel üretim amaçları; düşük maliyetli ve toplu üretim, uzun raf ömürlü ve markalı ürünler elde etmektir. Ultra işlenmiş besinleri ifade etmek için NOVA Grup 4 sınıflaması kullanılmaktadır. Paketli atıştırmalıklar (cips, kek, kraker, şeker vb.), yemeye ve ısıtılmaya hazır dondurulmuş ürünler, et ve tavuk ekstraktı ürünleri (bulyon, toz karışımlar), işlenmiş et ürünleri (sosisli sandiviç, nuggetstar), gazlı içecekler, meşrubatlar, paket süt ve kakaolu içecekler vb. ürünler ultra işlenmiş besinleri oluşturmaktadır. Ultra işlenmiş özellikle saf şeker içerikli besinlerin fazla tüketilmesi boş enerji alımına neden olduğundan elzem birtakım besin ögelerinin alımında yetersizliğe sebep olmaktadır. Ayrıca ultra işlenmiş besinler günlük diyetin enerji yoğunluğunu, şeker, doymuş yağ ve trans yağ asidi seviyelerini arttırmaktadır. Yüksek enerji yoğunluklu beslenme düzeni ise insanların vücut ağırlıklarında artışa sebep olmaktadır. Ayrıca yetersiz posa alımı ve obeziteye bağlı olarak diyabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıkları, hipertansiyon, böbrek hastalıkları, kolon, rektal ve meme kanseri gibi kronik hastalıklar da ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu nedenle küresel gıda sektörünün gelişmesine karşılık ülkeler kendi ulusal politikalarını geliştirmeli ve halk sağlığı için ultra işlenmiş besinlerin tüketimini azaltıcı çalışmalar yapmaları gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• NOVA grup 4
• Obezite
• Sağlık
• Ultra işlenmiş besinler

The relationship of ultra-processed foods with some diseases

Abstract

Ultra-processed foods are defined as multi-component industrial formulations that include chemical food additives in food production where sugar, salt, oils and fats are the main products. General production purposes of ultra-processed foods are to obtain low-cost and mass production, long shelf-life and branded products. NOVA Group 4 classification is used to express ultra-processed foods. Packaged snacks (chips, cake, crackers, candy, etc.), frozen products, meat and chicken extract products (bouillon, powder mixtures), processed meat products (hot dog, nugget star), fizzy drinks, beverages, packaged milk and cocoa drinks, etc. constitute ultra-processed foods. Excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods, especially those containing free sugar, causes the intake of empty calories and causes insufficient intake of some essential nutrients. Also, ultra-processed foods increase the energy density, sugar, saturated fat and trans fatty acid levels of the daily diet. A high-energy-density diet causes an increase in people's body weight. In addition to these results, chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, kidney diseases, and colon, rectal and breast cancer may occur due to insufficient fibre intake and obesity. Therefore, in response to the development of the global food industry, countries should develop their own national policies and work to reduce the consumption of ultra-processed foods for public health.

Keywords

• Health
• NOVA group 4
• Obesity
• Ultra-processed foods

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