Antioxidant activity of the fruits of Pyracantha coccinea using ethanolic extract method

Abstract

Pyracantha coccinea Roem. (scarlet firethorn) is known as a medicinal plant that can be up to 3 m in height with lots of thorns, grown generally in South and Southeast Europe and Turkey. Pyracantha coccinea Roem  is being used in folk medicine since its fruits have diuretic, cardiac and tonic properties. To determine the antioxidant level of the different parts of the plants takes interest in the current researches. In this study it has been aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity levels, Fe³⁺ reduction power and the total phenolic amount of the ethanolic extracts of the fruits of Pryacantha coccinea using DPPH scavenging, the disc diffusion, reduction power and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, respectively. IC₅₀ value, which represents the 50% scavenging value of DPPH radical of prepared fruit extracts using the Maceration technique, is evaluated to be 36.53 µg/mL The total phenolic content is determined to be  199.6 mgGA/100g and Fe⁺³ ions are reduced to a certain amount for various concentration levels (from 20 to 100 µg/mL). From the current research we have also found that the fruits of Pyracantha coccinea have no any antimicrobial activity. As a general result of the current study it has been concluded that the fruits of Pyracantha coccinea have extremely higher level of antioxidant activity depending upon the phenolic contents, showing that they can be used in various food and health applications.

Keywords

• Antioxidant activity,Scavenging effect,Reducing power

References

1. Al Shaal, S., Karabet, F., Daghestani, M. (2019). Determination of the antioxidant properties of the Syrian olive leaves extracts and isolation oleuropein by HPLC techniques. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Research, 6(1), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.22036/ABCR.2018.137753.1220
2. Blois, M.S. (1958). Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 181, 1199-1200. https://doi.org/10.1038/1811199a0
3. Do, Q.D., Angkawijaya, A.E., Tran-Nguyen, P.L., Huynh, L.H., Soetaredjo, F.E., Ismadji S, Ju Y. (2014). Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatic. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 22, 296-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2013.11.001
4. Ebrahimzadeh, M.A., Pourmorad, F., Hafezi, S. (2008). Antioxidant activities of Iranian corn silk. Turkish Journal of Biology, 32, 43-49.
5. Fico, G., Bilia, A.R., Morelli, I., Tome F. (2000). Flavonoid distribution in Pyracantha coccinea plants at diferent growth phases. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 28, 673-678. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00109-X
6. İnceçayir, D., Semerci, A.B., Mustafa, N., Tunç, K. (2019). Catalpa bignonioides metanolik çiçek ekstraktının biyolojik ve kimyasal aktivitesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 230-234. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.557101
7. Kambur, S., Tilki, F. (2010). Pyracantha coccinea Roem. tohumunun çimlenme özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. III. Ulusal Karadeniz Ormancılık Kongresi 20-22 Mayıs 2010 Cilt: II Sayfa: 785-791. Keser, S. (2014). Antiradical activities and phytochemical compounds of firethorn (Pyracanthacoccinea) fruit extracts. Natural Product Research, 28(20), 1789-1794. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2014.942304
8. Kumar, S., Yadav, A., Yadav, M., Yadav, J.P. (2017). Effect of climate changeon phytochemical diversity, total phenoliccontent and in vitro antioxidant activity of Aloevera (L.) BMC Research Notes, 10, 60. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2385-3

9. Mouafo Tekwu, E., Costant Pieme, A., Penlap Beng, V. (2012). Investigations of antimicrobial activity of some Cameroonian medicinal plantextracts against bacteria and yeast with gastrointestinal relevance. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 142, 265-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.005
10. Mustafa, R.A., Abdul Hamid, A., Mohamed, S., Abu Bakar, F. (2010). Total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and radical scavenging activity of 21 selected tropical plants. Journal of Food Science, 75, 28-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01401.x
11. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (1997). Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Approved standard M2-A6. Wayne, Pa: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards; 1997.
12. Niciforovic, N., Mihailovic, V., Maškovic, P., Solujic, S., Stojkovic, A., Pavlovic, DM. (2010). Antioxidant activity of selected plant species; potential new sources of natural antioxidants. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48, 3125-3130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.08.007
13. Oyaizu, M. (1986). Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine. Japanese Journal of Nutrition, 44, 307-315. https://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.44.307
14. Parka, J., Rhob, S.-J., Kima, Y.-R. (2019). Enhancing antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of carnosic acid in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract by complexation with cyclic glucans. Food Chemistry, 299, 125119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125119
15. Sadeghi, Z., Valizadeh, J., Azizian Shermeh, O., Akaberi, M. (2015). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Boerhavia elegans (choisy) grown in Baluchistan, Iran. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 5(1), 1-9.
16. Sarıkürkçü, C., Tepe, B. (2015). Biological activity and phytochemistry of firethorn (Pyracantha coccinea M.J. Roemer). Journal of Functional Foods, 19, 669-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.10.004
17. Singleton, V.L., Rossi, J.A. (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16, 144-158.
18. Ucar-Türker, A., Birinci-Yildirim, A., Pehlivan-Karakas, F. (2012). Antibacterial and antitumor activities of some wild fruits grown in Turkey. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 26(1), 2765-2772. https://doi.org/10.5504/BBEQ.2011.0156
19. Vahabi, L., Monajemi, R., Shahanipou, K., Moridnia, A., Mortazavifar, F. (2014). Studying the cytotoxic effect of methanolic extract of Pyracantha coccinea M. Roemer fruit on HeLa cell line and antioxidant capacities and total phenol contents of methanolic and aquatic extract of this fruit. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 8, SEMAR. https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/564
20. Zou, Z., Xi, W., Hu, Y., Nie, C. Zhou, Z. (2016). Antioxidant activity of citrus fruits. Food Chemistry, 196, 885-896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.072