Investigation of peanut residue in cakes sold in Istanbul

Abstract

Peanuts are the most dangerous among food allergens. It is therefore the most common cause of deadly foodborne anaphylaxis in developed and developing countries. Individuals with peanut allergies are in danger of peanut exposure in cases such as the use of raw materials contaminated with peanuts, cross contamination during processing, unintentional transport of allergens from common equipment, deliberate participation or non-compliance with labeling rules.

In this study, peanut residue in cakes in Istanbul markets was investigated by ELISA to raise awareness and warn both consumers who are allergic to peanuts and food producers. For this purpose, a total of 84 cake samples were collected, including 42 packaged cakes that were declared free of peanuts on their labels and 42 unpackaged cakes that were declared free from peanuts by their producer/saller. As a result of the study, indicate that, the peanut residue was detected in one out of 42 analyzed packaged cake samples (2.4%) at a level of 6.15 ppm. Besides, in 6 unpackaged cake samples (14%) the peanut residue levels ranged between 2.5 ppm and 20 ppm. Moreover in 10 samples (23.8%) these levels were detected more than 20 ppm. In conclusion, cake samples sold with and without packaging may contain various amounts of peanut residiues and this situation, which does not comply with Turkish Food Codex, can be harmful for the public health and life threathening for the allergic induviduals. 

Keywords

• Peanut
• Allergy
• Intolarance
• Cross contamination
• ELISA

İstanbul’ da satışa sunulan keklerde yer fıstığı kalıntısının araştırılması

Öz

Yer fıstığı, gıda alerjenleri içerisinde en tehlikeli olanıdır. Dolayısıyla gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ölümcül gıda kaynaklı anafilaksinin en yaygın nedenidir. Yer fıstığı alerjisine sahip bireyler, yer fıstığı ile kontamine olan hammadde kullanımı, işleme sırasında çapraz bulaşma, ortak kullanılan ekipmanlardan kasıtsız alerjen taşınması, kasten katılma veya etiketleme kurallarına uyulmaması gibi durumlarda yer fıstığına maruz kalma tehlikesiyle karşı karşıyadırlar.

Bu çalışmada hem yer fıstığına alerjisi olan tüketici bireyleri hem de gıda üreticilerini bilinçlendirmek ve uyarmak adına İstanbul piyasasındaki keklerde ELISA ile yer fıstığı kalıntısı arandı. Bu amaçla etiketinde yer fıstığı içermediği bildirilen 42 adet ambalajlı kek ve satıcı tarafından yer fıstığı içermediği beyan edilen 42 adet ambalajsız açık kek olmak üzere toplamda 84 adet kek örneği toplandı. Çalışmanın sonucunda ambalajlı kek örneklerinin sadece 1 adedinde (%2,4) 6,15 ppm; ambalajsız kek örneklerinin ise 6 adedinde (%14) 2,5 ppm ile 20 ppm miktarları arasında ve 10 adedinde de (23,8) 20 ppm’den daha fazla miktarda yer fıstığı kalıntısı taşıdığı tespit edildi. Ambalajlı ve ambalajsız olarak satışa sunulan kek örneklerinin değişik miktarlarda yer fıstığı kalıntısı içermesinin Türk Gıda Kodeksi kriterlerine uygun olmadığı ve bundan dolayı da halk sağlığını tehdit edebileceği kanaatine varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yer fıstığı
• Alerji
• İntolerans
• Çapraz kontaminasyon
• ELISA

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