Research Article

Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study

Volume: 23 Number: 3 October 1, 2026
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Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of the uterocervical angle (UCA) in predicting spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) in low-risk singleton pregnancies and to compare its predictive performance with cervical length (CL). Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, between June and December 2017. Pregnant women with singleton gestations between 16 and 24 weeks of pregnancy and without known risk factors for preterm birth were enrolled. Transvaginal ultrasonography was used to measure UCA and CL. Participants were followed until delivery, and birth outcomes were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive performance of UCA and CL for sPTB. Correlation analysis and logistic regression were also used for comparative assessment. Results: A total of 39 low-risk pregnant women were included in the final analysis, and spontaneous preterm birth occurred in 3 cases (7.7%). Group differences in mean UCA did not reach statistical significance. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for UCA was 0.575, with an optimal cut-off value of 86°, corresponding to 75% sensitivity and 46% specificity. UCA was not significantly associated with sPTB prediction (p=0.627). In contrast, CL demonstrated better discriminative performance, with an AUC of 0.779 (95% CI: 0.541–0.978). An inverse but non-significant correlation was observed between UCA and CL (Pearson’s r = -0.123, p=0.457). Conclusion: In this prospective pilot study of low-risk singleton pregnancies, UCA was not significantly associated with spontaneous preterm birth. Compared with UCA, cervical length showed better predictive performance in this cohort. Larger prospective studies are warranted to determine whether UCA may provide additional value when used alongside established screening markers.

Keywords

References

  1. World Health Organization. Preterm birth [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2023 [cited 2026 Mar 28]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/ detail/preterm-birth Ohuma EO, Moller AB, Bradley E, Chakwera S, Hussain-Alkhateeb L, Lewin A, et al. National, regional, and global estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2023;402(10409):1261–71.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

October 1, 2026

Submission Date

March 28, 2026

Acceptance Date

May 7, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 23 Number: 3

APA
Yetimoğlu, M. D., Yetimoğlu, İ., Arpacı Saylar, B., & Özdamar, Ö. (2026). Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik Ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, 23(3), 231-237. https://doi.org/10.38136/jgon.1918219
AMA
1.Yetimoğlu MD, Yetimoğlu İ, Arpacı Saylar B, Özdamar Ö. Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi. 2026;23(3):231-237. doi:10.38136/jgon.1918219
Chicago
Yetimoğlu, Meryem Dilara, İdris Yetimoğlu, Beyza Arpacı Saylar, and Özkan Özdamar. 2026. “Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study”. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik Ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 23 (3): 231-37. https://doi.org/10.38136/jgon.1918219.
EndNote
Yetimoğlu MD, Yetimoğlu İ, Arpacı Saylar B, Özdamar Ö (October 1, 2026) Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 23 3 231–237.
IEEE
[1]M. D. Yetimoğlu, İ. Yetimoğlu, B. Arpacı Saylar, and Ö. Özdamar, “Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study”, Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 231–237, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.38136/jgon.1918219.
ISNAD
Yetimoğlu, Meryem Dilara - Yetimoğlu, İdris - Arpacı Saylar, Beyza - Özdamar, Özkan. “Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study”. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 23/3 (October 1, 2026): 231-237. https://doi.org/10.38136/jgon.1918219.
JAMA
1.Yetimoğlu MD, Yetimoğlu İ, Arpacı Saylar B, Özdamar Ö. Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi. 2026;23:231–237.
MLA
Yetimoğlu, Meryem Dilara, et al. “Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study”. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik Ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, vol. 23, no. 3, Oct. 2026, pp. 231-7, doi:10.38136/jgon.1918219.
Vancouver
1.Meryem Dilara Yetimoğlu, İdris Yetimoğlu, Beyza Arpacı Saylar, Özkan Özdamar. Predictive Value of the Uterocervical Angle for Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Low-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Pilot Study. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi. 2026 Oct. 1;23(3):231-7. doi:10.38136/jgon.1918219