The Relationship of leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin and IGF-1 hormones in breast milk with maternal BMI and infant growth

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of maternal body mass index on leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin and IGF-1 levels in breast milk and to evaluate the relationship of these hormones with infant growth. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 20 normal-weight and 20 obese mothers, who had a 2-month-old infants and gave only breast milk to their infants, who applied to Child Health and Diseases, Hematology, Oncology Training and Research Hospital in Ankara. Infant body weight and height at birth were taken from the hospital records, and second month assessments were measured during examination. Hormone concentrations in breast milk were measured by Elisa kits. Results: There was no significant difference leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin and IGF-1 concentrations in breast milk between normal-weight and obese mothers (p> 0.05). Leptin hormone in breast milk was positively correlated with pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index and postpartum 2nd month maternal body mass index (r = 0.829; p = 0.021, r = 0.857; p = 0.014, respectively). While there was a positive correlation between infants' weight gain and ghrelin hormone in breast milk (r = 0.406; p = 0.11), there was a negative correlation between infants' weight gain and adiponectin hormone (r = -0.336; p = 0.034). Infant weight for length z score at 2 months was negatively correlated with leptin in the breast milk of normal-weight mothers (r = -0.857; p = 0.014), but not ghrelin in the breast milk of obese mothers (r = 0.446; p = 0.049). Conclusion: Maternal body mass index may affect the hormone levels in breast milk and leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin levels in breast milk may affect the growth of infants during early postnatal life.

Keywords

• breast milk
• infant growth
• maternal BMI
• appetite hormones

Anne sütündeki leptin, ghrelin, adiponektin ve IGF-1 hormonlarının maternal BKİ ve bebeğin büyümesi ile ilişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Maternal beden kütle indeksinin anne sütündeki leptin, ghrelin, adiponektin ve IGF-1 düzeylerine etkisini belirlemek ve anne sütündeki bu hormonların bebeğin büyümesi ile ilişkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırmaya Ankara Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hematoloji Onkoloji Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesine başvuran, 2 aylık bebeği olan ve bebeğine sadece anne sütü veren, 20 normal vücut ağırlığına sahip ve 20 obez anne dahil edildi. Bebeklerin doğum ağırlıkları ve boyları hasta dosyasından alındı, 2 aylık değerleri ise muayene sırasında ölçüldü. Anne sütündeki hormon konsantrasyonları uygun Elisa kitleri kullanılarak ölçüldü. Bulgular: Anne sütündeki leptin, ghrelin, adiponektin ve IGF-1 konsantrasyonları normal vücut ağırlığına sahip anneler ile obez anneler arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Anne sütündeki leptin hormonu ile gebelik öncesi maternal beden kütle indeksi ve postpartum 2. ay maternal beden kütle indeksi arasında pozitif bir korelasyon gösterilmiştir (sırasıyla r=0,829; p=0,021, r=0,857; p=0,014). Çalışmaya katılan tüm bebeklerin ağırlık kazanımı ile anne sütündeki ghrelin hormonu arasında pozitif bir ilişki varken (r=0,406; p=0,11), adiponektin hormonu ile negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur (r=-0,336; p=0,034). Bebeklerin 2. aydaki boya göre z skoru değerleri ile normal vücut ağırlığına sahip annelerin anne sütündeki leptin ile negatif (r=-0,857; p=0,014), obez annelerin anne sütündeki ghrelin ile pozitif ilişki tespit edilmiştir (r=0,446; p=0,049). Sonuç: Maternal beden kütle indeksi anne sütündeki hormon düzeylerini etkileyebilir ve anne sütündeki leptin, adiponektin ve ghrelin düzeyleri bebeğin erken dönemdeki büyümesini etkileyebilmektedir.

Keywords

• anne sütü
• bebek büyümesi
• maternal BKİ
• iştah hormonları

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