Kenevirdeki ( Cannabis sativa L.) Kültürel Uygulamaların Kannabinoidlerin Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2024, , 483 - 492, 01.03.2024

Mert Arslanbayrak , Ali Kemal Ayan

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1277490

Abstract

Kenevir, tarih boyunca insanlığın üzerinde durmuş olduğu, Cannabaceae familyasına ait tek yıllık önemli bitkilerden biridir. Ülkemizde kenevir genellikle kendir ve çedene adı ile bilinen endüstriyel bir bitkidir. Kenevir lif ve içerdiği kimyasal bileşikler sayesinde hem sağlık hem de tekstil yönüyle değerlendirilen, pek çok alanda da yeni nesil kullanım alanları keşfedilen önemli bir bitkidir.
Kenevirin ikincil metabolitleri genel anlamda kannabinoidler olarak isimlendirilmektedir. 100’ü aşkın kannabinoid olduğu bilinmekte birlikte, 70 kannabinoid 10 başlık altında tanımlanmıştır. Tıbbı anlamda en çok üzerinde durulan fitokannabinoidler; THC (tetrahidrokannabinol), CBD (Kannabidiol), CBDA (Kannabidiolik asit), CBG (Kannabigerol), CBGA (Kannabigerolik Asit) tir. Bu kimyasal bileşikler genetik ve çevre interaksiyonlarından oldukça etkilenmektedir. Özellikle çevresel faktörler bitkinin terpenofenolik yapıdaki ikincil ürünlerinin sentezini etkilediği pek çok çalışmanın sonucunda bildirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, kenevirde üretim tekniklerinin kenevirdeki fitokannabinoid sentezi üzerindeki etkileri noktasında literatür ışığında bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır

Keywords

Kenevir, Kannabinoidler, Kültürel uygulamalar, Fitokannabinoid sentezi

Effect The Cultural Applıcatıons on Cannabınoıds in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

Abstract

Hemp is one of the important annual plants belonging to the Cannabaceae family that has been the subject of humanity throughout history. In our country, hemp is an industrial plant known as kendir and çedene. Thanks to its fibers and chemical compounds, hemp is an important plant that is evaluated in terms of both health and textiles and has new generation usage areas in many fields. The secondary metabolites of hemp are generally called cannabinoids. Although there are more than 100 cannabinoids, 70 cannabinoids have been defined under 10 headings. The phytocannabinoids that are mostly focused on medically are THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), CBD (cannabidiol), CBDA (cannabidiolic
acid), CBG (cannabigerol), and CBGA (cannabigerolic acid). These chemical compounds are highly influenced by genetic and environmental interactions. Especially, environmental factors have been reported to affect the synthesis of secondary products in the terpenophenolic structure of the plant in many studies. In this context, an evaluation has been made based on the literature on the effects of production techniques on the synthesis of phytocannabinoids in hemp.

Keywords

Hemp, Cannabinoids, Conventional applications, Fitocannabinoid synthesis

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