Examination of the Biodiesel Production Performances of Natural and Modified Bentonite Heterogeneous Basic Catalysts

Abstract

Intension of this study is the production of an alternative energy source from rapeseed oil with renewable heterogeneous basic catalysts. Production of biodiesel from biomass has been studied over decades and the positive effects of the heterogeneous basic catalysts on this process are still worth to examine. In the presented study firstly, natural bentonite (BT) was activated by calcination to obtain calcinated bentonite (C-BT). Then Li impregnation experiments were completed, and Li impregnated bentionite (Li-BT) catalyst was prepared. Obtained catalysts were characterized and analysed with FTIR, TGA and SEM/EDS measurements. Measurements showed that Li-BT is a promising catalyst and due to Li impregnation, exchange ability of the surface of the BT increased. Subsequently, they were utilized to the biodiesel production from rapeseed oil process individually and total fatty acid methyl ester yields of the obtained biodiesel were examined by GC-MS measurements. As a result, the best conversion yield was obtained from Li-BT used experiments as 98.80 % besides C-BT revealed with no yield. These studies can be enlarged by the consecutive catalytic experiments in detail. In conclusion, there is no need to use expensive catalysts and petroleum sourced hazardous chemicals to produce renewable energy catalysts.

Keywords

• Heterogeneous basic catalyst,Biodiesel,Rapeseed oil,Bentonite,Renewable energy

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