Pendimethalin ve Salisilik Asit Uygulamalarının Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. “Remzibey” Yağ Asidi Desatüraz Genlerinin Anlatımı Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.), tohumlarında yüksek kaliteye sahip doymamış yağ asitlerinden oleik asit ve α-linolenik asit içeren endüstriyel hammadde kaynağı olma özelliğine sahip önemli bir yağ bitkisidir. Pendimethalin yabancı ot kontrolünün sağlanması için ekonomik değere sahip bitkilere uygulanan dinitroanilin grubu bir herbisittir. Salisilik asit biyotik ve abiyotik streslere karşı bitki savunmasında yer alan önemli bir bitkisel hormondur. Omega-3 yağ asidi desatürazlar (FAD3 ve FAD7) α-linolenik asit biyosentezi için anahtar enzimlerdir. Bu çalışmada pendimethalin ve salisilik asitin yağ asidi metabolizmasında görev alan FAD3 ve FAD7 gen anlatım düzeyleri üzerindeki olası etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada toplam 36 saksıda kontrollü iklim şartlarında yetiştirilen aspir bitkilerine 0,004 ve 0,01 M pendimethalin uygulaması yapılmıştır. Pendimethalin uygulanan örneklere 0,05 mM salisilik asit uygulanmıştır. Uygulama sonrası RNA izolasyonu, cDNA sentezi ve kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Test ve kontrol grupları arasındaki kat değişimi 2^ (-delta delta CT) formülü ile hesaplanmıştır. Gen anlatım düzeyleri arasındaki değişim t testi ile değerlendirildi (p<0,05). Pendimethalinin FAD3 ve FAD7 genlerini aşağı yönde regüle ettiği, artan pendimethalin konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak gen anlatım düzeylerinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Salisilik asitin pendimethalinin ortaya çıkardığı toksik etkiyi azaltıcı yönde etki gösterdiği, FAD3 ve FAD7 genlerini yukarı yönlü regüle ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Pendimethalinin Carthamus tinctorius L. Remzibey çeşidinde yağ asidi kalitesi ve α-linolenik asit biyosentezinde azalmaya neden olabileceği, salisilik asitin ise pendimethalinin olumsuz etkilerini giderici etkiye sahip olduğu ve α-linolenik asit miktarında kısmi artışa katkı sunabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Carthamus tinctorius
• pendimethalin
• salisilik asit
• omega 3 yağ asidi desatüraz

The Effect of Pendimethaline and Salicylic Acid Applications on Expression of Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. “Remzibey” Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes

Abstract

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an important oil plant, which is an industrial raw material source containing high quality unsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid and α-linolenic acid. Pendimethalin is a dinitroaniline group herbicide that is applied to plants of economic value for weed control. Salicylic acid is an important herbal hormone involved in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Omega-3 fatty acid desaturases (FAD3 and FAD7) are key enzymes for α-linolenic acid biosynthesis. In present study, the effects of pendimethalin and salicylic acid on the gene expression levels of FAD3 and FAD7 involved in fatty acid metabolism were investigated. In this study, 0,004 and 0,01 M pendimethalin were applied to safflower plants grown under controlled climatic conditions in 36 pots. 0,05 mM salicylic acid was applied to the samples where pendimethalin was applied. After application, RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed. The fold change between the test and control groups was calculated with the formula 2^ (delta delta CT). The change between gene expression levels was evaluated by t test (p<0,05). It was determined that pendimethalin downregulated FAD3 and FAD7 genes and decreased gene expression levels dependant to pendimethalin concentration. It was determined that salicylic acid had a decreasing effect on the toxic effects caused by pendimethalin and upregulated the FAD3 and FAD7 genes. Pendimethalin is thought to cause a decrease in fatty acid quality and α-linolenic acid biosynthesis in Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Remzibey, salicylic acid has a negative effect on pendimethalin and contributes to partial increase in α-linolenic acid.

Keywords

• Carthamus tinctorius
• pendimethalin
• salicylic acid
• omega 3 fatty acid desaturase

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