Importance and Applications of Magnesium and Its Alloys in Automotive Industry

Abstract

Rapid depletion of world oil reserves, increasing fuel economy demands and legal restrictions on exhaust emission values have been led the automotive industry to modern lightweight structures. With the mass reduction in automobiles, it is aimed both to ensure fuel efficiency and to minimize harmful exhaust emissions caused by combustion. In this context, materials that have been superior properties are needed. Magnesium and its alloys come into prominence as the most remarkable structural materials for automotive applications with their characteristics like low density, high specific strength, easy recovery and excellent damping capacity. These materials can provide a significant gain in the weight by using them in the basic systems and components of automobiles such as interior equipment, the body of vehicles, chassis, powertrain and vehicle frontal area. Therefore, both exhaust emissions which pose a serious threat to human health and environmental quality, and fuel consumption can be minimized. In this study, it is aimed to draw attention to the importance, current and possible applications of magnesium and its alloys in the automotive industry.

Keywords

• Magnesium and its alloys
• Lightweight alloys and composites
• Automotive materials

Magnezyum ve Alaşımlarının Otomotiv Endüstrisindeki Önemi ve Uygulamaları

Abstract

Dünya petrol rezervlerinin hızla tükenmesi, artan yakıt ekonomisi talepleri ve egzoz emisyon değerlerine getirilen yasal sınırlamalar otomotiv endüstrisini modern hafif yapılara yönlendirmiştir. Otomobillerde kütle azaltımı ile hem yakıt verimliliğinin sağlanması hem de yanma sonucu açığa çıkan zararlı egzoz emisyonlarının en aza indirgenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu bağlamda üstün özelliklere sahip malzemelere ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Magnezyum ve alaşımları düşük yoğunluk, yüksek özgül dayanım, kolay geri kazanım ve mükemmel sönümleme kapasitesi gibi karakteristik özellikleri ile otomotiv uygulamaları için en dikkat çekici yapısal malzemeler olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu malzemeler otomobillerin iç donanım, karoseri, şasi, güç aktarma organları ve araç ön alanı gibi temel sistem ve bileşenlerinde kullanılarak ağırlıkta önemli bir kazanım sağlayabilir. Böylece gerek yakıt sarfiyatı gerekse de insan sağlığı ve çevre kalitesi açısından ciddi tehdit unsuru oluşturan egzoz emisyonları minimize edilebilir. Bu çalışmada, magnezyum ve alaşımlarının otomotiv endüstrisindeki önemine, mevcut ve olası uygulamalarına dikkat çekilmek istenmiştir.

Keywords

• Magnezyum ve alaşımları
• Hafif alaşım ve kompozitler
• Otomotiv malzemeleri

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