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Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 806 - 819, 01.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1040119

Abstract

Expanded perlite, which is mostly used for purposes such as lightweight concrete and insulation, contains a high percentage of silica and alumina. Problems in early-term strength development occur with the high-volume substitution of normal weight and lightweight pozzolanic materials in the production of cement. It was thought that it would be important to examine the early period fresh and hardened properties of expanded perlite blended cement including nano and micronized calcite minerals with high reactivity and high specific surface area/volume ratio. For this purpose, a total of nine different mortar mixtures containing 0%, 6% and 18% expanded perlite and 5% nano and micronized calcite were designed for replacing by cement. For mortar samples modified with nano and micronized calcite and containing expanded perlite at different rates; mini slump flow test, standard consistency, setting times and soundness (Le Chatelier Method) tests/analyses were performed as fresh and early period properties. In addition to this, compressive strength and ultrasound pulse velocity tests were performed for the curing ages of 7, 28 and 120 days as hardened properties. Experimental results showed that expanded perlite negatively affects the early and hardened properties of mortars, and in general, improvements are achieved with nano/micronized calcite substitution. 23.2% and 45.4% of strength development has been achieved in the mixture including both calcite and expanded perlite within the curing ages of 7-28 days and 7-120 days, respectively. Also, a maximum of 5.7% of reduction was observed in EP blended cement mortars, including 18% of EP. Since nano-sized calcite has a higher surface area compared to micronized calcite, better contributions to the fresh and hardened properties were observed in the utilisation of nano-sized calcite.

Thanks

We would like to thanks to Fernas Cement Grinding Plant (FERÇİM), and Batman University Central Application and Research Center (BÜMER).

References

  • Abed M, Nemes R, 2019. Mechanical properties of recycled aggregate self-compacting high strength concrete utilizing waste fly ash, cellular concrete and perlite powders. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 63(1): 266-277.
  • Çalışkan, A, Demirhan, S, Tekin, R, 2022. Comparison of different machine learning methods for estimating compressive strength of mortars. Construction and Building Materials, 335: 127490.
  • ASTM C1437, 2015. Standard test method for flow of hydraulic cement mortar, ASTM International. Bageri B, Ahmed A, Al Jaberi J, Elkatatny S, Patil S, 2021. Effect of perlite particles on the properties of oil-well class G cement. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 199: 108344.
  • Cao M, Ming X, He K, Li L, Shen S, 2019. Effect of macro-, micro-and nano-calcium carbonate on properties of cementitious composites—a review. Materials, 12(5): 781.
  • Çiftçi M, Demirhan S, 2021. Effect of nano type and slag replacement level on cement mortars. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(2): 482-496.
  • Demir I, Baspinar MS, 2008. Effect of silica fume and expanded perlite addition on the technical properties of the fly ash–lime–gypsum mixture. Construction and Building Materials, 22(6): 1299-1304.
  • Demirboğa R, Örüng İ, Gül R, 2001. Effects of expanded perlite aggregate and mineral admixtures on the compressive strength of low-density concretes. Cement and Concrete Research, 31(11): 1627-1632.
  • Demirhan S, 2020. Combined Effects of Nano-Sized Calcite and Fly Ash on Hydration and Microstructural Properties of Mortars. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(6): 1051-1067.
  • Demirhan, S, 2022. Effect of different nanosized limestone formations on fiber‐matrix interface properties of engineered cementitious composites. Structural Concrete. DOI: 10.1002/suco.202100482.
  • Detphan S, Phoo-ngernkham T, Sata V, Detphan C, Chindaprasirt P, 2018. Portland cement containing fly ash, expanded perlite, and plasticizer for masonry and plastering mortars. GEOMATE Journal, 15(48): 107-113.
  • El Mir A, Nehme SG, 2017. Utilization of industrial waste perlite powder in self-compacting concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 156: 507-517.
  • El Mir A, Nehme SG, Assaad JJ, 2020. Durability of self-consolidating concrete containing natural waste perlite powders. Heliyon, 6(1), e03165.
  • Erdem TK, Meral C, Tokyay Mustafa, Erdogan TY, 2007. Effect of ground perlite incorporation on the performance of blended cements. In Proc. Int. Conf Sustain. Constr. Mater. Technol., Taylor and Francis, London, ISBN (Vol. 13, pp. 978-0).
  • Erdem TK, Meral Ç, Tokyay M, Erdoğan TY, 2007. Use of perlite as a pozzolanic addition in producing blended cements. Cement and Concrete Composites, 29(1): 13-21.
  • Esfandiari J, Loghmani P, 2019. Effect of perlite powder and silica fume on the compressive strength and microstructural characterization of self-compacting concrete with lime-cement binder. Measurement, 147: 106846.
  • Guo F, Li H, 2021. Influence of Nanomaterials on Physical Mechanics and Durability of Concrete Composite Piers. Integrated Ferroelectrics, 216(1): 108-121.
  • Karein SMM, Joshaghani A, Ramezanianpour AA, Isapour S, Karakouzian M, 2018. Effects of the mechanical milling method on transport properties of self-compacting concrete containing perlite powder as a supplementary cementitious material. Construction and Building Materials, 172: 677-684.
  • Khanna P, Mukulam AM, Teja KV, Meena T, 2018. Study on durability properties of perlite incorporated concrete. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(10): 1545-1553.
  • Kotwica Ł, Pichór W, Kapeluszna E, Różycka A, 2017. Utilization of waste expanded perlite as new effective supplementary cementitious material. Journal of Cleaner production, 140: 1344-1352.
  • Lanzón M, García-Ruiz PA, 2008. Lightweight cement mortars: Advantages and inconveniences of expanded perlite and its influence on fresh and hardened state and durability. Construction and Building Materials, 22(8): 1798-1806.
  • Long WJ, Tan XW, Xiao BX, Han NX, Xing F, 2019. Effective use of ground waste expanded perlite as green supplementary cementitious material in eco-friendly alkali activated slag composites. Journal of Cleaner Production, 213: 406-414.
  • Malhotra VM, 1976. Testing Hardened Concrete: Nondestructive Methods, ACI Monographe No.9. American Concrete Institute Monograph, United States.
  • Noaman MA, Karim MR, Islam MN, 2019. Comparative study of pozzolanic and filler effect of rice husk ash on the mechanical properties and microstructure of brick aggregate concrete. Heliyon, 5(6), e01926.
  • Pichór W, Barna M, Kapeluszna E, Łagosz A, Kotwica Ł, 2015. The influence of waste expanded perlite on chemical durability of mortars. In Solid State Phenomena (Vol. 227, pp. 194-198). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
  • Ramezanianpour AA, Karein SMM, Vosoughi P, Pilvar A, Isapour S, Moodi F, 2014. Effects of calcined perlite powder as a SCM on the strength and permeability of concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 66, 222-228.
  • Rashad AM, 2016. A synopsis about perlite as building material–A best practice guide for Civil Engineer. Construction and Building Materials, 121: 338-353.
  • Sabet FA, Libre NA, Shekarchi M, 2013. Mechanical and durability properties of self consolidating high performance concrete incorporating natural zeolite, silica fume and fly ash. Construction and Building Materials, 44: 175-184.
  • Sato, T., & Beaudoin, J. J. (2011). Effect of nano-CaCO3 on hydration of cement containing supplementary cementitious materials. Advances in Cement Research, 23(1): 33-43.
  • Saraçoğlu ÖA, Kılıç C, Duyar H, 2020. Topraksız Kültür Baş Salata (Lactuca Sativa L.) Yetiştiriciliğinde Farklı Tuzluluk (NaCI) Düzeylerinin Verim ve Bitki Gelişimi Üzerindeki Etkileri. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 10(2): 1370-1381.
  • Soydan AM, Abdulkadir S, Akdeniz R, 2018. Bilecik Yöresi Mermer Atıklarının “Fiber-Sement” Üretiminde Kullanılabilirliğinin Araştırılması. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 8(2): 191-199.
  • Thwe E, Khatiwada D, Gasparatos A, 2021. Life cycle assessment of a cement plant in Naypyitaw, Myanmar. Cleaner Environmental Systems, 2: 100007.
  • Torres ML, García-Ruiz PA, 2009. Lightweight pozzolanic materials used in mortars: Evaluation of their influence on density, mechanical strength and water absorption. Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(2): 114-119.
  • TS EN 197-1, Cement – Part 1: Composition, specification and conformity criteria for common cements, 2012
  • TS EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength, 2016
  • TS EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement - Part 3: Determination of setting times and soundness, 2017
  • TS EN 12504-4, Testing concrete in structures - Part 4: Determination of ultrasonic pulse velocity, 2021
  • Turgut P, 2018. Production of block by using fly ash, lime and glass powder. Pamukkale university journal of engineering sciences-Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 24 (3): 413-418.
  • Turgut P, Ogretmen A, 2019. Optimum limestone powder amount in mortars with over silica fume. Epitoanyag-Journal of Silicate Based & Composite Materials, 71(2): 58-64.
  • Wang D, Shi C, Farzadnia N, Shi Z, Jia H, Ou Z, 2018. A review on use of limestone powder in cement-based materials: Mechanism, hydration and microstructures. Construction and Building Materials, 181: 659-672.
  • Wu Z, Khayat KH, Shi C, Tutikian BF, Chen Q, 2021. Mechanisms underlying the strength enhancement of UHPC modified with nano-SiO2 and nano-CaCO3. Cement and Concrete Composites, 119: 103992.
Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 806 - 819, 01.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1040119

Abstract

References

  • Abed M, Nemes R, 2019. Mechanical properties of recycled aggregate self-compacting high strength concrete utilizing waste fly ash, cellular concrete and perlite powders. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 63(1): 266-277.
  • Çalışkan, A, Demirhan, S, Tekin, R, 2022. Comparison of different machine learning methods for estimating compressive strength of mortars. Construction and Building Materials, 335: 127490.
  • ASTM C1437, 2015. Standard test method for flow of hydraulic cement mortar, ASTM International. Bageri B, Ahmed A, Al Jaberi J, Elkatatny S, Patil S, 2021. Effect of perlite particles on the properties of oil-well class G cement. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 199: 108344.
  • Cao M, Ming X, He K, Li L, Shen S, 2019. Effect of macro-, micro-and nano-calcium carbonate on properties of cementitious composites—a review. Materials, 12(5): 781.
  • Çiftçi M, Demirhan S, 2021. Effect of nano type and slag replacement level on cement mortars. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(2): 482-496.
  • Demir I, Baspinar MS, 2008. Effect of silica fume and expanded perlite addition on the technical properties of the fly ash–lime–gypsum mixture. Construction and Building Materials, 22(6): 1299-1304.
  • Demirboğa R, Örüng İ, Gül R, 2001. Effects of expanded perlite aggregate and mineral admixtures on the compressive strength of low-density concretes. Cement and Concrete Research, 31(11): 1627-1632.
  • Demirhan S, 2020. Combined Effects of Nano-Sized Calcite and Fly Ash on Hydration and Microstructural Properties of Mortars. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(6): 1051-1067.
  • Demirhan, S, 2022. Effect of different nanosized limestone formations on fiber‐matrix interface properties of engineered cementitious composites. Structural Concrete. DOI: 10.1002/suco.202100482.
  • Detphan S, Phoo-ngernkham T, Sata V, Detphan C, Chindaprasirt P, 2018. Portland cement containing fly ash, expanded perlite, and plasticizer for masonry and plastering mortars. GEOMATE Journal, 15(48): 107-113.
  • El Mir A, Nehme SG, 2017. Utilization of industrial waste perlite powder in self-compacting concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 156: 507-517.
  • El Mir A, Nehme SG, Assaad JJ, 2020. Durability of self-consolidating concrete containing natural waste perlite powders. Heliyon, 6(1), e03165.
  • Erdem TK, Meral C, Tokyay Mustafa, Erdogan TY, 2007. Effect of ground perlite incorporation on the performance of blended cements. In Proc. Int. Conf Sustain. Constr. Mater. Technol., Taylor and Francis, London, ISBN (Vol. 13, pp. 978-0).
  • Erdem TK, Meral Ç, Tokyay M, Erdoğan TY, 2007. Use of perlite as a pozzolanic addition in producing blended cements. Cement and Concrete Composites, 29(1): 13-21.
  • Esfandiari J, Loghmani P, 2019. Effect of perlite powder and silica fume on the compressive strength and microstructural characterization of self-compacting concrete with lime-cement binder. Measurement, 147: 106846.
  • Guo F, Li H, 2021. Influence of Nanomaterials on Physical Mechanics and Durability of Concrete Composite Piers. Integrated Ferroelectrics, 216(1): 108-121.
  • Karein SMM, Joshaghani A, Ramezanianpour AA, Isapour S, Karakouzian M, 2018. Effects of the mechanical milling method on transport properties of self-compacting concrete containing perlite powder as a supplementary cementitious material. Construction and Building Materials, 172: 677-684.
  • Khanna P, Mukulam AM, Teja KV, Meena T, 2018. Study on durability properties of perlite incorporated concrete. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(10): 1545-1553.
  • Kotwica Ł, Pichór W, Kapeluszna E, Różycka A, 2017. Utilization of waste expanded perlite as new effective supplementary cementitious material. Journal of Cleaner production, 140: 1344-1352.
  • Lanzón M, García-Ruiz PA, 2008. Lightweight cement mortars: Advantages and inconveniences of expanded perlite and its influence on fresh and hardened state and durability. Construction and Building Materials, 22(8): 1798-1806.
  • Long WJ, Tan XW, Xiao BX, Han NX, Xing F, 2019. Effective use of ground waste expanded perlite as green supplementary cementitious material in eco-friendly alkali activated slag composites. Journal of Cleaner Production, 213: 406-414.
  • Malhotra VM, 1976. Testing Hardened Concrete: Nondestructive Methods, ACI Monographe No.9. American Concrete Institute Monograph, United States.
  • Noaman MA, Karim MR, Islam MN, 2019. Comparative study of pozzolanic and filler effect of rice husk ash on the mechanical properties and microstructure of brick aggregate concrete. Heliyon, 5(6), e01926.
  • Pichór W, Barna M, Kapeluszna E, Łagosz A, Kotwica Ł, 2015. The influence of waste expanded perlite on chemical durability of mortars. In Solid State Phenomena (Vol. 227, pp. 194-198). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
  • Ramezanianpour AA, Karein SMM, Vosoughi P, Pilvar A, Isapour S, Moodi F, 2014. Effects of calcined perlite powder as a SCM on the strength and permeability of concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 66, 222-228.
  • Rashad AM, 2016. A synopsis about perlite as building material–A best practice guide for Civil Engineer. Construction and Building Materials, 121: 338-353.
  • Sabet FA, Libre NA, Shekarchi M, 2013. Mechanical and durability properties of self consolidating high performance concrete incorporating natural zeolite, silica fume and fly ash. Construction and Building Materials, 44: 175-184.
  • Sato, T., & Beaudoin, J. J. (2011). Effect of nano-CaCO3 on hydration of cement containing supplementary cementitious materials. Advances in Cement Research, 23(1): 33-43.
  • Saraçoğlu ÖA, Kılıç C, Duyar H, 2020. Topraksız Kültür Baş Salata (Lactuca Sativa L.) Yetiştiriciliğinde Farklı Tuzluluk (NaCI) Düzeylerinin Verim ve Bitki Gelişimi Üzerindeki Etkileri. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 10(2): 1370-1381.
  • Soydan AM, Abdulkadir S, Akdeniz R, 2018. Bilecik Yöresi Mermer Atıklarının “Fiber-Sement” Üretiminde Kullanılabilirliğinin Araştırılması. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 8(2): 191-199.
  • Thwe E, Khatiwada D, Gasparatos A, 2021. Life cycle assessment of a cement plant in Naypyitaw, Myanmar. Cleaner Environmental Systems, 2: 100007.
  • Torres ML, García-Ruiz PA, 2009. Lightweight pozzolanic materials used in mortars: Evaluation of their influence on density, mechanical strength and water absorption. Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(2): 114-119.
  • TS EN 197-1, Cement – Part 1: Composition, specification and conformity criteria for common cements, 2012
  • TS EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength, 2016
  • TS EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement - Part 3: Determination of setting times and soundness, 2017
  • TS EN 12504-4, Testing concrete in structures - Part 4: Determination of ultrasonic pulse velocity, 2021
  • Turgut P, 2018. Production of block by using fly ash, lime and glass powder. Pamukkale university journal of engineering sciences-Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 24 (3): 413-418.
  • Turgut P, Ogretmen A, 2019. Optimum limestone powder amount in mortars with over silica fume. Epitoanyag-Journal of Silicate Based & Composite Materials, 71(2): 58-64.
  • Wang D, Shi C, Farzadnia N, Shi Z, Jia H, Ou Z, 2018. A review on use of limestone powder in cement-based materials: Mechanism, hydration and microstructures. Construction and Building Materials, 181: 659-672.
  • Wu Z, Khayat KH, Shi C, Tutikian BF, Chen Q, 2021. Mechanisms underlying the strength enhancement of UHPC modified with nano-SiO2 and nano-CaCO3. Cement and Concrete Composites, 119: 103992.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section İnşaat Mühendisliği / Civil Engineering
Authors

Mustafa Ensarioğlu This is me 0000-0001-7790-0742

Serhat Demirhan 0000-0001-5448-9495

Early Pub Date May 31, 2022
Publication Date June 1, 2022
Submission Date December 22, 2021
Acceptance Date March 10, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ensarioğlu, M., & Demirhan, S. (2022). Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 12(2), 806-819. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1040119
AMA Ensarioğlu M, Demirhan S. Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. June 2022;12(2):806-819. doi:10.21597/jist.1040119
Chicago Ensarioğlu, Mustafa, and Serhat Demirhan. “Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 12, no. 2 (June 2022): 806-19. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1040119.
EndNote Ensarioğlu M, Demirhan S (June 1, 2022) Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 12 2 806–819.
IEEE M. Ensarioğlu and S. Demirhan, “Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars”, J. Inst. Sci. and Tech., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 806–819, 2022, doi: 10.21597/jist.1040119.
ISNAD Ensarioğlu, Mustafa - Demirhan, Serhat. “Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 12/2 (June 2022), 806-819. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1040119.
JAMA Ensarioğlu M, Demirhan S. Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2022;12:806–819.
MLA Ensarioğlu, Mustafa and Serhat Demirhan. “Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, vol. 12, no. 2, 2022, pp. 806-19, doi:10.21597/jist.1040119.
Vancouver Ensarioğlu M, Demirhan S. Effect of Calcite on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Expanded Perlite Blended Cement Mortars. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2022;12(2):806-19.