Teaching in culturally and linguistically diverse classrooms: Turkish EFL instructors’ experience

Abstract

Please fill up the following information accurately. (Please use Times New Roman, 12 pt.
Teaching in culturally and linguistically diverse classrooms: Turkish EFL instructors’ experience
This study investigates Turkish EFL instructors’ perceptions regarding their readiness for and potential challenges that they face in classrooms with students from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods of inquiry, data were collected by utilizing the Multicultural Teaching Competency Scale (MTCS) (Spanierman, Oh, Heppner, Neville, Mobley, Wright, Dillon, & Navarro, 2011) and semi-structured interviews. The findings acquired from the scale revealed that the majority of the participating instructors perceived themselves as competent, yet further inquiry through the interviews indicated that they feel challenged while meeting the academic and linguistic needs of diverse group of students as they lack relevant formal training. The study calls for an urgent need to make provision for training programs designed to increase instructors’ awareness, knowledge and skills to work effectively in culturally and linguistically diverse education contexts.
Information about Author(s)*
Author 1
Author (Last name, First name)	Yıldırım, Rana
Affiliated institution (University)
Country
Email address	[e-mail]
Department & Rank
Corresponding author (Yes/No) Write only one corresponding author.
Author 2
Author (Last name, First name)
Affiliated institution (University)
Country
Email address
Department & Rank
Corresponding author (Yes/No)
Author 3
Author (Last name, First name)
Affiliated institution (University)
Country
Email address
Department & Rank
Corresponding author (Yes/No)
Author 4
Author (Last name, First name)
Affiliated institution (University)
Country
Email address
Department & Rank
Corresponding author (Yes/No)

Keywords

• Multicultural education; teacher competency; multicultural teaching competency; language teaching; EFL

References

1. Baban, F., & Rygiel, K. (2018). Birlikte Yaşamak: Kültürel Çoğulculuğu Sanat Yoluyla Geliştirmek. İstanbul Kültür Sanat Vakfı.
2. Banks, J. A., & Banks, C. A. M. (2001). Multicultural Education: Issues And Perspectives. (4th ed.) John Wiley.
3. Banks, J. A. (1993). Multicultural education: Historical development, dimensions and practice. Review of Research in Education. Vol. 19, pp. 3-49
4. Bergeron, B. S. (2008). Enacting a culturally responsive curriculum in a novice teacher’s classroom: Encountering disequilibrium. Urban Education, 43, 4-28.
5. Chavez, A. F., & Guido-DiBrito, F. (1999). Racial and ethnic identity and development. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, No 84. 39-46.
6. Chein, I. ( 1981 ). Appendix: An introduction to sampling. In L. H. Kidder (Ed.), Selltiz, Wrightsman & Cook’s research methods in social relations. (4th ed. ) (p. 418 – 441). Austin, TX : Holt, Rinehart and Winston .
7. Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2014). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Pegem Akademi
8. Erikson, E. (1968). Identity: Youth and Crisis. New York: Norton.

9. Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (8th ed.). New York: Mc Graw Hill.
10. Gay, G. (2000). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, Research and Practice. New York: Teachers College Press
11. Gay, G. (2002). Preparing for culturally responsive teaching. Journal of Teacher Education, Vol. 53, No. 2, pp. 106-116
12. Grimm, P. (2010). Social Desirability Bias. Wiley International Encyclopedia of Marketing.
13. Johnson, R. B., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Mixed methods research: A research paradigm whose time has come. Educational Researcher. Vol: 33, Issue: 7, pp. 14 - 26
14. Kirişçi, K. (2014). Syrian Refugees and Turkey’s Challenges: Going Beyond Hospitality, Washington: Brookings
15. Lynch, M. (2011). What is culturally responsive pedagogy? Blog Entry, Retrieved From: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/matthew-lynch-edd/culturally-responsive- pedagogy_b_1147364.html
16. Matsumoto, D., & Juang, L. (2007). Culture and Psychology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co Inc.
17. Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. (2nd Edition). California: SAGE Publications.
18. Modood, T. (2015). Multiculturalism. The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Nationalism. 1–6.
19. Nieto, S. (2000). Affirming Diversity: The Sociopolitical Context of Multicultural Education (3rd ed.). New York: Longman.
20. Oxford Dictionaries, Multiculturalism definition. Retrieved on: March, 2018. https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/multiculturalism
21. Parekh, B. (2006). Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory (2nd ed.) Palgrave: Macmillan.
22. Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods. SAGE Publishing.
23. Phinney, J. S., & Alipuria, L. L. (1987). Ethnic Identity In Older Adolescents From Four Ethnic Groups. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Baltimore: USA.
24. Pintrich, P. R. (2003). A Motivational Science Perspective on the Role of Student Motivation in Learning and Teaching Contexts. Journal of Educational Psychology by the American Psychological Association, Inc. Vol. 95, No. 4, 667–686
25. Quintana, S., M. (2007). Racial and ethnic identity: Developmental perspectives and research. Journal of Counseling Psychology. Vol 54, No 3, 259-270.
26. Rosenman, R., Tennekoon, V., & Hill, L.G. (2011). Measuring bias in self-reported data. International Journal of Behavioral and Healthcare Research, Vol. 2, No. 4/2011, pp. 320-332.
27. Smith, E. B. (2009). Approaches to multicultural education in pre-service teacher education: philosophical frameworks and models for Teaching. Multicultural Education. Vol. 16. No. 3. Pp. 45-50 Available on: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ847145
28. Spanierman, L.B., Oh, E., Heppner, P.P., Neville, H.A., Mobley, M., Wright, C.V., Dillon, F.R., & Navarro, R. (2011). The Multicultural teaching competency scale: Development and initial validation. Urban Education. 46(3) 440-464
29. The UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR. Figures at a glance. http://www.unhcr.org/figures-at-a-glance.html (Retrieved on August, 2019)
30. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, (1948). Article 26. http://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/ (Retrieved on March, 2018)
31. Turkish Ministry of Interior Directorate General of Migration Management. (2019). Migration statistics, Retrieved from: https://www.goc.gov.tr/gecici-koruma5638
32. UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity (2001). Retrieved from: http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php.URL_ID=13179&URL_DO=DO TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
33. van Lier, L. (2008). The ecology of language learning and sociocultural theory. In Creese. A., Martin. P. and Hornberger N. H. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of language and education: Vol. 9. Ecology of language (2nd ed., p. 53–65). Boston: Springer Science+Business Media