Research Article

Use of gerunds and gerundial formations in written expressions of Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language in C1 level

Volume: 16 Number: 4 December 30, 2020
EN

Use of gerunds and gerundial formations in written expressions of Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language in C1 level

Abstract

Gerunds lead to great simplicity and functionality in the Turkish language while increasing the expressive power, enabling the expression to become more concise and fluent. In the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR, henceforth), an accepted guide in teaching Turkish as a foreign language, the correct and effective use of gerunds and gerundial formations is accepted as one of the grammatical competencies required for learners in C1 level. However, a few studies in the literature have investigated the learners' success in C1 level regarding grammatical competence. Based on this literature gap, the purpose of the research is to examine the use of gerunds and gerundial formations in the written expressions of the Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language at the C1 level. For this purpose, the research is designed as a qualitative case study. The study sample includes 150 Arab learners in the C1 level who studied at TÖMER in the Black Sea Region, Central Anatolia Region, and Marmara Region in the 2019-2020 academic year and voluntarily participated in the research. The research data were collected from the learners' written expressions in the final exam and analyzed using document analysis. The scope of the study only included gerunds and gerundial formations. Frequency analysis, one of the sub-techniques of content analysis, was used to analyze the data. The data revealed that the 150 learners used 32 different gerunds and gerund particles in their written expressions.

Keywords

References

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  4. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Erzurum.
  5. Alshirah, M. (2013). Arap kökenli öğrencilerin yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde karşılaştıkları zorluklar ve çözüm önerileri. (Unpublished master’s thesis). İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  6. Atabay, N., Kutluk, İ. & Özel, S. (1983). Sözcük türleri. Doğan Aksan (Ed.). Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
  7. Avcı, İ. A., Tepeli, Y., & Caner, M. (2017). B2 düzeyinde yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin ortaç kullanımları: Bir durum çalışması. Dil Eğitimi ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 19-39.
  8. Bakır, S. (2015). Yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin öğrenme yaklaşımlarının, yazma becerisi öz yeterliklerinin ve Türkçe yazma becerilerinin incelenmesi. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Atatürk Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Erzurum.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 30, 2020

Submission Date

July 20, 2020

Acceptance Date

-

Published in Issue

Year 2020 Volume: 16 Number: 4

APA
Dolunay, S. K., & Karabuğa, H. (2020). Use of gerunds and gerundial formations in written expressions of Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language in C1 level. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16(4), 1869-1884. https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.851012
AMA
1.Dolunay SK, Karabuğa H. Use of gerunds and gerundial formations in written expressions of Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language in C1 level. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies. 2020;16(4):1869-1884. doi:10.17263/jlls.851012
Chicago
Dolunay, Salih Kürşad, and Hüseyin Karabuğa. 2020. “Use of Gerunds and Gerundial Formations in Written Expressions of Arab Learners of Turkish As a Foreign Language in C1 Level”. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies 16 (4): 1869-84. https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.851012.
EndNote
Dolunay SK, Karabuğa H (December 1, 2020) Use of gerunds and gerundial formations in written expressions of Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language in C1 level. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies 16 4 1869–1884.
IEEE
[1]S. K. Dolunay and H. Karabuğa, “Use of gerunds and gerundial formations in written expressions of Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language in C1 level”, Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 1869–1884, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.17263/jlls.851012.
ISNAD
Dolunay, Salih Kürşad - Karabuğa, Hüseyin. “Use of Gerunds and Gerundial Formations in Written Expressions of Arab Learners of Turkish As a Foreign Language in C1 Level”. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies 16/4 (December 1, 2020): 1869-1884. https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.851012.
JAMA
1.Dolunay SK, Karabuğa H. Use of gerunds and gerundial formations in written expressions of Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language in C1 level. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies. 2020;16:1869–1884.
MLA
Dolunay, Salih Kürşad, and Hüseyin Karabuğa. “Use of Gerunds and Gerundial Formations in Written Expressions of Arab Learners of Turkish As a Foreign Language in C1 Level”. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, vol. 16, no. 4, Dec. 2020, pp. 1869-84, doi:10.17263/jlls.851012.
Vancouver
1.Salih Kürşad Dolunay, Hüseyin Karabuğa. Use of gerunds and gerundial formations in written expressions of Arab learners of Turkish as a foreign language in C1 level. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies. 2020 Dec. 1;16(4):1869-84. doi:10.17263/jlls.851012