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Translation as a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021)

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 219 - 233, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1803469

Abstract

: This paper delves into how translation functions as a discursive instrument in shaping Türkiye-Africa relations addressing the 2021 partnership summit declaration as a case study. Specifically, the study sheds light on the translation of ideological underpinnings and lexical choices in the declaration texts to reveal the vision and engagement of Türkiye towards the African continent through translation-based discourse analysis. In order to analyze recurrent discursive and lexical patterns, a corpus software program called Antconc (2022) was benefitted and frequency and concordance analyses across Turkish, English and French texts were uncovered. In addition to corpus-oriented analysis, Fairclough’s (1992) three-dimensional model was applied as a tool for critical discourse analysis at micro, meso and macro levels through the integration of translation strategies. According to the results of lexical and discursive patterns of analysis, diplomatic discourse could be reproduced for different audiences through translation within the context of Türkiye-Africa relations. Results of the study also elucidate that translation strategies might be adopted either to reinforce the presence of Türkiye in Africa or soften the discourse to avoid politically sensitive notions for different target audiences in line with the purpose of 2021 declaration text. As a result, this study reveals how translation can operate as an effective form of diplomatic negotiation which shape the image of Türkiye as a “key player” in South-South Cooperation across Africa. It is anticipated that the research will contribute to the fields of translation studies, discourse analysis and international studies by bringing them into an interdisciplinary collaboration.

References

  • African Business. (2021, December 18). Third Turkey–Africa partnership summit delivers “win-win” agreements. African Business. https://african.business/2021/12/trade-investment/turkey-africa-partnership-summit-set-for-17-18-december
  • African Union & Republic of Turkey. (2014). New model of partnership for the strengthening of sustainable development and integration. African Union. https://au.int/en/documents/20171130/africa-turkey-summit-declaration-21-november-2014
  • Arpa, E., & Bayar, M. (2019). Türkiye'nin Afrika'ya yönelik kalkınma yardımlarının yardım etkinliği açısından değerlendirilmesi. Bilge Strateji, 11(21), 201–229.
  • Baker, M. (1992). In other words: A coursebook on translation. Routledge.
  • Baker, M. (2006). Translation and conflict: A narrative account. Routledge.
  • Baker, M. (2019). Translation and conflict. Routledge.
  • Bashir, A. A. (2024). Turkish–African defense agreements: Developing a win-win partnership. East African Institute for Peace and Governance.
  • Bassnett, S., & Lefevere, A. (1990). Translation, history and culture. Pinter Publishers.
  • Bassnett, S., & Trivedi, H. (1999). Post-colonial translation: Theory and practice. Routledge.
  • Bayram, M. (2020). Turkey and Africa in the context of South–South cooperation. Current Research in Social Sciences, 6(1), 39–51.
  • Butt, D. (2015). Historical justice in postcolonial contexts: Repairing historical wrongs and the end of empire. In K. Neumann & J. Thompson (Eds.), Historical justice and memory. University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Davutoğlu, A. (2008). Turkey's foreign policy vision: An assessment of 2007. Insight Turkey, 10(1), 79–83.
  • Devecioğlu, K. (2024). Türkiye's vision for Africa: Humanitarian diplomacy and development cooperation. Insight Turkey, 26(3), 131–154.
  • Dimitriu, I. (2002). Translation, diversity and power: An introduction. Current Writing, 14(2), i–xiv.
  • Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and text: Linguistic and intertextual analysis within discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 3(2), 193–217.
  • Hermans, T. (1999). Translation in systems: Descriptive and system-oriented approaches explained. Routledge.
  • Hrytsenko, A. (2025, March 10). Turkey and Africa: Forming a strategic partnership. Center for Foreign Policy Studies (NISS).
  • Kagame, P. (2021, December 18). Third Africa–Turkey partnership summit: Remarks by President Kagame. Presidency of the Republic of Rwanda. https://www.paulkagame.rw/third-africa-turkey-partnership-summit-remarks-by-president-kagame-istanbul-18-december-2021
  • Kavas, A. (2005). Afrika raporu. TASAM.
  • Kaya, A. (2021, March 2). How Turkey built ties with the African continent over 23 years. TRT World. https://www.trtworld.com/article/12746817
  • Melis, N. (2024). Ottoman nostalgia in Turkey's African engagement: A contemporary analysis. Afriche e Orienti, (2), 148–171.
  • Özkan, M. (2018). Turkey in South–South cooperation: New foreign policy approach in Africa. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 18(3), 565–578.
  • Özkan, M., & Akgün, B. (2010). Turkey's opening to Africa. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 48(4), 525–546. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X10000595
  • Özkan, M., & Orakçı, S. (2022). Deciphering Turkey–Africa summits. Africa Review, 14, 48–67.
  • Öztürk, M., & Duman, M. (2023). A founding role in Türkiye's Africa policy: The action plan for opening to Africa. Insight Turkey, 25(3), 63–83.
  • Republic of Türkiye & African Union. (2008). Istanbul declaration on Türkiye–Africa partnership: Solidarity and partnership for a common future.
  • Republic of Türkiye & African Union. (2021, December 18). Declaration of the Third Türkiye–Africa Partnership Summit. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2018, February 12). African Union–Turkey partnership joint implementation report (2015–2017). https://www.mfa.gov.tr/african-union---turkey-partnership-joint-implementation-report_-2015-2017_-12-february-2018_en.en.mfa
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2022). Türkiye–Africa: Solidarity and partnership. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey_africa_-solidarity-and-partnership.en.mfa
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (n.d.). Türkiye–Africa relations. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye-africa-relations.en.mfa
  • République de Türkiye & Union Africaine. (2014). Malabo declaration and joint implementation plan (2015–2019).
  • République de Türkiye & Union Africaine. (2021, December 18). Déclaration du troisième Sommet de partenariat Turquie–Afrique. Ministère des Affaires étrangères de la République de Turquie.
  • Rugutt, W., Nzomo, M., & Okoth, P. G. (2023). Examining foreign development assistance in Africa through emerging power dynamics: A focus on Turkey's engagement in the Horn of Africa. European Journal of Development Studies, 3(6), 79–87.
  • Salamah, M. (2025). Turkey's strategic expansion in Africa: Multifaceted engagement in Ethiopia, Libya, and Somalia. Insights on Africa, 17(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/09750878251342765
  • Schäffner, C. (1999). Translation and norms. Multilingual Matters.
  • Schäffner, C. (2004). Political discourse analysis from the point of view of translation studies. Journal of Language and Politics, 3(1), 117–150.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2022). The rise of Turkey's soft power in Africa: Reasons, dynamics and constraints. International Journal of Political Studies, 8(2), 1–14.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2025). Understanding Türkiye's new defense and security policy towards Africa: New dynamics and new approaches. Turkish Journal of African Studies, 2(1), 19–32.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti & Afrika Birliği. (2021, 18 Aralık). Üçüncü Türkiye–Afrika Ortaklık Bildirisi. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı.
  • Tymoczko, M. (2007). Enlarging translation, empowering translators. St. Jerome Publishing.
  • United Nations. (1945). Charter of the United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/full-text
  • United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development (A/RES/70/1). United Nations.
  • Valdéon, R. A. (2021). Translation: From mediation to gatekeeping and agenda-setting. Language and Intercultural Communication, 21(1), 24–36.
  • Vinay, J. P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative stylistics of French and English: A methodology for translation. John Benjamins.
  • Wais, M. A., & Mohamed, N. A. (2024). Economic and political aspects of Turkey–Africa relations. SSRN.

Diplomatik müzakere olarak çeviri: 2021 Türkiye-Afrika Ortaklık Zirvesi Bildirisi üzerine bir inceleme

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 219 - 233, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1803469

Abstract

Bu araştırma, çevirinin Türkiye- Afrika ilişkilerinin şekillenmesinde söylemsel bir araç olarak nasıl işlev gördüğünü 2021 Türkiye-Afrika Ortaklık Zirvesi Bildirisi örneği üzerinden incelemektedir. Çalışma, bu bağlamda, bildirideki ideolojik temellerin ve sözcük seçimlerinin nasıl aktarıldığına odaklanarak, Türkiye’nin Afrika kıtasına yönelik vizyonunu çeviri temelli söylem çözümlemisyle ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlar. Araştırmada, tekrar eden söylemsel ve sözcüksel örüntüleri açığa çıkarmak amacıyla Antconc (2022) isimli derlem yazılımından yararlanılarak bildiri metninin Türkçe, İngilizce ve Fransızca dillerinde sıklık ve eşdizim analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Derlem temelli incelemeye ek olarak, Fairclough’un (1992) üç boyutlu modeli çeviri stratejilerinin de analize dahil edilmesiyle mikro, mezo ve makro düzeylerde eleştirel söylem analizi aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Söylemsel ve sözcüksel örüntülerin analiz sonuçları Türkiye- Afrika ilişkileri bağlamında diplomatik söylemin farklı hedef kitlelere göre yeniden üretilebildiğini göstermektedir. Bu sonuca ek olarak, araştırma sonuçları, çeviri stratejilerinin, 2021 bildiri metni amaçları dahilinde Türkiye’nin Afrika’daki varlığını güçlendirmek ya da söylemi yumuşatarak politik hassasiyetlerden kaçınmak için faydalanabileceğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, Güney Güney İşbirliği kapsamında Türkiye’nin Afrika’daki “kilit aktör” imajını şekillendiren etkili bir diplomatik müzakere aracı olarak nasıl işlediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu araştırmanın , çeviribilim, söylem araştırmaları ve uluslaraarsı ilişkiler alanlarına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

References

  • African Business. (2021, December 18). Third Turkey–Africa partnership summit delivers “win-win” agreements. African Business. https://african.business/2021/12/trade-investment/turkey-africa-partnership-summit-set-for-17-18-december
  • African Union & Republic of Turkey. (2014). New model of partnership for the strengthening of sustainable development and integration. African Union. https://au.int/en/documents/20171130/africa-turkey-summit-declaration-21-november-2014
  • Arpa, E., & Bayar, M. (2019). Türkiye'nin Afrika'ya yönelik kalkınma yardımlarının yardım etkinliği açısından değerlendirilmesi. Bilge Strateji, 11(21), 201–229.
  • Baker, M. (1992). In other words: A coursebook on translation. Routledge.
  • Baker, M. (2006). Translation and conflict: A narrative account. Routledge.
  • Baker, M. (2019). Translation and conflict. Routledge.
  • Bashir, A. A. (2024). Turkish–African defense agreements: Developing a win-win partnership. East African Institute for Peace and Governance.
  • Bassnett, S., & Lefevere, A. (1990). Translation, history and culture. Pinter Publishers.
  • Bassnett, S., & Trivedi, H. (1999). Post-colonial translation: Theory and practice. Routledge.
  • Bayram, M. (2020). Turkey and Africa in the context of South–South cooperation. Current Research in Social Sciences, 6(1), 39–51.
  • Butt, D. (2015). Historical justice in postcolonial contexts: Repairing historical wrongs and the end of empire. In K. Neumann & J. Thompson (Eds.), Historical justice and memory. University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Davutoğlu, A. (2008). Turkey's foreign policy vision: An assessment of 2007. Insight Turkey, 10(1), 79–83.
  • Devecioğlu, K. (2024). Türkiye's vision for Africa: Humanitarian diplomacy and development cooperation. Insight Turkey, 26(3), 131–154.
  • Dimitriu, I. (2002). Translation, diversity and power: An introduction. Current Writing, 14(2), i–xiv.
  • Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and text: Linguistic and intertextual analysis within discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 3(2), 193–217.
  • Hermans, T. (1999). Translation in systems: Descriptive and system-oriented approaches explained. Routledge.
  • Hrytsenko, A. (2025, March 10). Turkey and Africa: Forming a strategic partnership. Center for Foreign Policy Studies (NISS).
  • Kagame, P. (2021, December 18). Third Africa–Turkey partnership summit: Remarks by President Kagame. Presidency of the Republic of Rwanda. https://www.paulkagame.rw/third-africa-turkey-partnership-summit-remarks-by-president-kagame-istanbul-18-december-2021
  • Kavas, A. (2005). Afrika raporu. TASAM.
  • Kaya, A. (2021, March 2). How Turkey built ties with the African continent over 23 years. TRT World. https://www.trtworld.com/article/12746817
  • Melis, N. (2024). Ottoman nostalgia in Turkey's African engagement: A contemporary analysis. Afriche e Orienti, (2), 148–171.
  • Özkan, M. (2018). Turkey in South–South cooperation: New foreign policy approach in Africa. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 18(3), 565–578.
  • Özkan, M., & Akgün, B. (2010). Turkey's opening to Africa. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 48(4), 525–546. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X10000595
  • Özkan, M., & Orakçı, S. (2022). Deciphering Turkey–Africa summits. Africa Review, 14, 48–67.
  • Öztürk, M., & Duman, M. (2023). A founding role in Türkiye's Africa policy: The action plan for opening to Africa. Insight Turkey, 25(3), 63–83.
  • Republic of Türkiye & African Union. (2008). Istanbul declaration on Türkiye–Africa partnership: Solidarity and partnership for a common future.
  • Republic of Türkiye & African Union. (2021, December 18). Declaration of the Third Türkiye–Africa Partnership Summit. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2018, February 12). African Union–Turkey partnership joint implementation report (2015–2017). https://www.mfa.gov.tr/african-union---turkey-partnership-joint-implementation-report_-2015-2017_-12-february-2018_en.en.mfa
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2022). Türkiye–Africa: Solidarity and partnership. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey_africa_-solidarity-and-partnership.en.mfa
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (n.d.). Türkiye–Africa relations. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye-africa-relations.en.mfa
  • République de Türkiye & Union Africaine. (2014). Malabo declaration and joint implementation plan (2015–2019).
  • République de Türkiye & Union Africaine. (2021, December 18). Déclaration du troisième Sommet de partenariat Turquie–Afrique. Ministère des Affaires étrangères de la République de Turquie.
  • Rugutt, W., Nzomo, M., & Okoth, P. G. (2023). Examining foreign development assistance in Africa through emerging power dynamics: A focus on Turkey's engagement in the Horn of Africa. European Journal of Development Studies, 3(6), 79–87.
  • Salamah, M. (2025). Turkey's strategic expansion in Africa: Multifaceted engagement in Ethiopia, Libya, and Somalia. Insights on Africa, 17(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/09750878251342765
  • Schäffner, C. (1999). Translation and norms. Multilingual Matters.
  • Schäffner, C. (2004). Political discourse analysis from the point of view of translation studies. Journal of Language and Politics, 3(1), 117–150.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2022). The rise of Turkey's soft power in Africa: Reasons, dynamics and constraints. International Journal of Political Studies, 8(2), 1–14.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2025). Understanding Türkiye's new defense and security policy towards Africa: New dynamics and new approaches. Turkish Journal of African Studies, 2(1), 19–32.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti & Afrika Birliği. (2021, 18 Aralık). Üçüncü Türkiye–Afrika Ortaklık Bildirisi. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı.
  • Tymoczko, M. (2007). Enlarging translation, empowering translators. St. Jerome Publishing.
  • United Nations. (1945). Charter of the United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/full-text
  • United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development (A/RES/70/1). United Nations.
  • Valdéon, R. A. (2021). Translation: From mediation to gatekeeping and agenda-setting. Language and Intercultural Communication, 21(1), 24–36.
  • Vinay, J. P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative stylistics of French and English: A methodology for translation. John Benjamins.
  • Wais, M. A., & Mohamed, N. A. (2024). Economic and political aspects of Turkey–Africa relations. SSRN.

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 219 - 233, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1803469

Abstract

References

  • African Business. (2021, December 18). Third Turkey–Africa partnership summit delivers “win-win” agreements. African Business. https://african.business/2021/12/trade-investment/turkey-africa-partnership-summit-set-for-17-18-december
  • African Union & Republic of Turkey. (2014). New model of partnership for the strengthening of sustainable development and integration. African Union. https://au.int/en/documents/20171130/africa-turkey-summit-declaration-21-november-2014
  • Arpa, E., & Bayar, M. (2019). Türkiye'nin Afrika'ya yönelik kalkınma yardımlarının yardım etkinliği açısından değerlendirilmesi. Bilge Strateji, 11(21), 201–229.
  • Baker, M. (1992). In other words: A coursebook on translation. Routledge.
  • Baker, M. (2006). Translation and conflict: A narrative account. Routledge.
  • Baker, M. (2019). Translation and conflict. Routledge.
  • Bashir, A. A. (2024). Turkish–African defense agreements: Developing a win-win partnership. East African Institute for Peace and Governance.
  • Bassnett, S., & Lefevere, A. (1990). Translation, history and culture. Pinter Publishers.
  • Bassnett, S., & Trivedi, H. (1999). Post-colonial translation: Theory and practice. Routledge.
  • Bayram, M. (2020). Turkey and Africa in the context of South–South cooperation. Current Research in Social Sciences, 6(1), 39–51.
  • Butt, D. (2015). Historical justice in postcolonial contexts: Repairing historical wrongs and the end of empire. In K. Neumann & J. Thompson (Eds.), Historical justice and memory. University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Davutoğlu, A. (2008). Turkey's foreign policy vision: An assessment of 2007. Insight Turkey, 10(1), 79–83.
  • Devecioğlu, K. (2024). Türkiye's vision for Africa: Humanitarian diplomacy and development cooperation. Insight Turkey, 26(3), 131–154.
  • Dimitriu, I. (2002). Translation, diversity and power: An introduction. Current Writing, 14(2), i–xiv.
  • Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and text: Linguistic and intertextual analysis within discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 3(2), 193–217.
  • Hermans, T. (1999). Translation in systems: Descriptive and system-oriented approaches explained. Routledge.
  • Hrytsenko, A. (2025, March 10). Turkey and Africa: Forming a strategic partnership. Center for Foreign Policy Studies (NISS).
  • Kagame, P. (2021, December 18). Third Africa–Turkey partnership summit: Remarks by President Kagame. Presidency of the Republic of Rwanda. https://www.paulkagame.rw/third-africa-turkey-partnership-summit-remarks-by-president-kagame-istanbul-18-december-2021
  • Kavas, A. (2005). Afrika raporu. TASAM.
  • Kaya, A. (2021, March 2). How Turkey built ties with the African continent over 23 years. TRT World. https://www.trtworld.com/article/12746817
  • Melis, N. (2024). Ottoman nostalgia in Turkey's African engagement: A contemporary analysis. Afriche e Orienti, (2), 148–171.
  • Özkan, M. (2018). Turkey in South–South cooperation: New foreign policy approach in Africa. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 18(3), 565–578.
  • Özkan, M., & Akgün, B. (2010). Turkey's opening to Africa. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 48(4), 525–546. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X10000595
  • Özkan, M., & Orakçı, S. (2022). Deciphering Turkey–Africa summits. Africa Review, 14, 48–67.
  • Öztürk, M., & Duman, M. (2023). A founding role in Türkiye's Africa policy: The action plan for opening to Africa. Insight Turkey, 25(3), 63–83.
  • Republic of Türkiye & African Union. (2008). Istanbul declaration on Türkiye–Africa partnership: Solidarity and partnership for a common future.
  • Republic of Türkiye & African Union. (2021, December 18). Declaration of the Third Türkiye–Africa Partnership Summit. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2018, February 12). African Union–Turkey partnership joint implementation report (2015–2017). https://www.mfa.gov.tr/african-union---turkey-partnership-joint-implementation-report_-2015-2017_-12-february-2018_en.en.mfa
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2022). Türkiye–Africa: Solidarity and partnership. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey_africa_-solidarity-and-partnership.en.mfa
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (n.d.). Türkiye–Africa relations. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye-africa-relations.en.mfa
  • République de Türkiye & Union Africaine. (2014). Malabo declaration and joint implementation plan (2015–2019).
  • République de Türkiye & Union Africaine. (2021, December 18). Déclaration du troisième Sommet de partenariat Turquie–Afrique. Ministère des Affaires étrangères de la République de Turquie.
  • Rugutt, W., Nzomo, M., & Okoth, P. G. (2023). Examining foreign development assistance in Africa through emerging power dynamics: A focus on Turkey's engagement in the Horn of Africa. European Journal of Development Studies, 3(6), 79–87.
  • Salamah, M. (2025). Turkey's strategic expansion in Africa: Multifaceted engagement in Ethiopia, Libya, and Somalia. Insights on Africa, 17(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/09750878251342765
  • Schäffner, C. (1999). Translation and norms. Multilingual Matters.
  • Schäffner, C. (2004). Political discourse analysis from the point of view of translation studies. Journal of Language and Politics, 3(1), 117–150.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2022). The rise of Turkey's soft power in Africa: Reasons, dynamics and constraints. International Journal of Political Studies, 8(2), 1–14.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2025). Understanding Türkiye's new defense and security policy towards Africa: New dynamics and new approaches. Turkish Journal of African Studies, 2(1), 19–32.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti & Afrika Birliği. (2021, 18 Aralık). Üçüncü Türkiye–Afrika Ortaklık Bildirisi. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı.
  • Tymoczko, M. (2007). Enlarging translation, empowering translators. St. Jerome Publishing.
  • United Nations. (1945). Charter of the United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/full-text
  • United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development (A/RES/70/1). United Nations.
  • Valdéon, R. A. (2021). Translation: From mediation to gatekeeping and agenda-setting. Language and Intercultural Communication, 21(1), 24–36.
  • Vinay, J. P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative stylistics of French and English: A methodology for translation. John Benjamins.
  • Wais, M. A., & Mohamed, N. A. (2024). Economic and political aspects of Turkey–Africa relations. SSRN.

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 219 - 233, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1803469

Abstract

References

  • African Business. (2021, December 18). Third Turkey–Africa partnership summit delivers “win-win” agreements. African Business. https://african.business/2021/12/trade-investment/turkey-africa-partnership-summit-set-for-17-18-december
  • African Union & Republic of Turkey. (2014). New model of partnership for the strengthening of sustainable development and integration. African Union. https://au.int/en/documents/20171130/africa-turkey-summit-declaration-21-november-2014
  • Arpa, E., & Bayar, M. (2019). Türkiye'nin Afrika'ya yönelik kalkınma yardımlarının yardım etkinliği açısından değerlendirilmesi. Bilge Strateji, 11(21), 201–229.
  • Baker, M. (1992). In other words: A coursebook on translation. Routledge.
  • Baker, M. (2006). Translation and conflict: A narrative account. Routledge.
  • Baker, M. (2019). Translation and conflict. Routledge.
  • Bashir, A. A. (2024). Turkish–African defense agreements: Developing a win-win partnership. East African Institute for Peace and Governance.
  • Bassnett, S., & Lefevere, A. (1990). Translation, history and culture. Pinter Publishers.
  • Bassnett, S., & Trivedi, H. (1999). Post-colonial translation: Theory and practice. Routledge.
  • Bayram, M. (2020). Turkey and Africa in the context of South–South cooperation. Current Research in Social Sciences, 6(1), 39–51.
  • Butt, D. (2015). Historical justice in postcolonial contexts: Repairing historical wrongs and the end of empire. In K. Neumann & J. Thompson (Eds.), Historical justice and memory. University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Davutoğlu, A. (2008). Turkey's foreign policy vision: An assessment of 2007. Insight Turkey, 10(1), 79–83.
  • Devecioğlu, K. (2024). Türkiye's vision for Africa: Humanitarian diplomacy and development cooperation. Insight Turkey, 26(3), 131–154.
  • Dimitriu, I. (2002). Translation, diversity and power: An introduction. Current Writing, 14(2), i–xiv.
  • Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and text: Linguistic and intertextual analysis within discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 3(2), 193–217.
  • Hermans, T. (1999). Translation in systems: Descriptive and system-oriented approaches explained. Routledge.
  • Hrytsenko, A. (2025, March 10). Turkey and Africa: Forming a strategic partnership. Center for Foreign Policy Studies (NISS).
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  • Salamah, M. (2025). Turkey's strategic expansion in Africa: Multifaceted engagement in Ethiopia, Libya, and Somalia. Insights on Africa, 17(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/09750878251342765
  • Schäffner, C. (1999). Translation and norms. Multilingual Matters.
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  • Sıradağ, A. (2022). The rise of Turkey's soft power in Africa: Reasons, dynamics and constraints. International Journal of Political Studies, 8(2), 1–14.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2025). Understanding Türkiye's new defense and security policy towards Africa: New dynamics and new approaches. Turkish Journal of African Studies, 2(1), 19–32.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti & Afrika Birliği. (2021, 18 Aralık). Üçüncü Türkiye–Afrika Ortaklık Bildirisi. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı.
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  • United Nations. (1945). Charter of the United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/full-text
  • United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development (A/RES/70/1). United Nations.
  • Valdéon, R. A. (2021). Translation: From mediation to gatekeeping and agenda-setting. Language and Intercultural Communication, 21(1), 24–36.
  • Vinay, J. P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative stylistics of French and English: A methodology for translation. John Benjamins.
  • Wais, M. A., & Mohamed, N. A. (2024). Economic and political aspects of Turkey–Africa relations. SSRN.

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 219 - 233, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1803469

Abstract

References

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  • Kavas, A. (2005). Afrika raporu. TASAM.
  • Kaya, A. (2021, March 2). How Turkey built ties with the African continent over 23 years. TRT World. https://www.trtworld.com/article/12746817
  • Melis, N. (2024). Ottoman nostalgia in Turkey's African engagement: A contemporary analysis. Afriche e Orienti, (2), 148–171.
  • Özkan, M. (2018). Turkey in South–South cooperation: New foreign policy approach in Africa. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 18(3), 565–578.
  • Özkan, M., & Akgün, B. (2010). Turkey's opening to Africa. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 48(4), 525–546. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X10000595
  • Özkan, M., & Orakçı, S. (2022). Deciphering Turkey–Africa summits. Africa Review, 14, 48–67.
  • Öztürk, M., & Duman, M. (2023). A founding role in Türkiye's Africa policy: The action plan for opening to Africa. Insight Turkey, 25(3), 63–83.
  • Republic of Türkiye & African Union. (2008). Istanbul declaration on Türkiye–Africa partnership: Solidarity and partnership for a common future.
  • Republic of Türkiye & African Union. (2021, December 18). Declaration of the Third Türkiye–Africa Partnership Summit. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye.
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  • République de Türkiye & Union Africaine. (2014). Malabo declaration and joint implementation plan (2015–2019).
  • République de Türkiye & Union Africaine. (2021, December 18). Déclaration du troisième Sommet de partenariat Turquie–Afrique. Ministère des Affaires étrangères de la République de Turquie.
  • Rugutt, W., Nzomo, M., & Okoth, P. G. (2023). Examining foreign development assistance in Africa through emerging power dynamics: A focus on Turkey's engagement in the Horn of Africa. European Journal of Development Studies, 3(6), 79–87.
  • Salamah, M. (2025). Turkey's strategic expansion in Africa: Multifaceted engagement in Ethiopia, Libya, and Somalia. Insights on Africa, 17(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/09750878251342765
  • Schäffner, C. (1999). Translation and norms. Multilingual Matters.
  • Schäffner, C. (2004). Political discourse analysis from the point of view of translation studies. Journal of Language and Politics, 3(1), 117–150.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2022). The rise of Turkey's soft power in Africa: Reasons, dynamics and constraints. International Journal of Political Studies, 8(2), 1–14.
  • Sıradağ, A. (2025). Understanding Türkiye's new defense and security policy towards Africa: New dynamics and new approaches. Turkish Journal of African Studies, 2(1), 19–32.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti & Afrika Birliği. (2021, 18 Aralık). Üçüncü Türkiye–Afrika Ortaklık Bildirisi. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı.
  • Tymoczko, M. (2007). Enlarging translation, empowering translators. St. Jerome Publishing.
  • United Nations. (1945). Charter of the United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/full-text
  • United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development (A/RES/70/1). United Nations.
  • Valdéon, R. A. (2021). Translation: From mediation to gatekeeping and agenda-setting. Language and Intercultural Communication, 21(1), 24–36.
  • Vinay, J. P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative stylistics of French and English: A methodology for translation. John Benjamins.
  • Wais, M. A., & Mohamed, N. A. (2024). Economic and political aspects of Turkey–Africa relations. SSRN.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Discourse and Pragmatics
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hatice Delibaş 0000-0003-3539-2350

Submission Date October 14, 2025
Acceptance Date December 28, 2025
Publication Date December 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Delibaş, H. (2025). Translation as a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021). Journal of Language Research, 9(2), 219-233. https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1803469
AMA Delibaş H. Translation as a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021). JLR. December 2025;9(2):219-233. doi:10.51726/jlr.1803469
Chicago Delibaş, Hatice. “Translation As a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021)”. Journal of Language Research 9, no. 2 (December 2025): 219-33. https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1803469.
EndNote Delibaş H (December 1, 2025) Translation as a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021). Journal of Language Research 9 2 219–233.
IEEE H. Delibaş, “Translation as a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021)”, JLR, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 219–233, 2025, doi: 10.51726/jlr.1803469.
ISNAD Delibaş, Hatice. “Translation As a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021)”. Journal of Language Research 9/2 (December2025), 219-233. https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1803469.
JAMA Delibaş H. Translation as a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021). JLR. 2025;9:219–233.
MLA Delibaş, Hatice. “Translation As a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021)”. Journal of Language Research, vol. 9, no. 2, 2025, pp. 219-33, doi:10.51726/jlr.1803469.
Vancouver Delibaş H. Translation as a Diplomatic Negotiation: Insights on Türkiye-Africa Partnership Summit Declaration (2021). JLR. 2025;9(2):219-33.