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Reconstruction of Anterior Maxillary Defect Following Gunshot Injury: A Case Report

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 359 - 362, 30.09.2025

Abstract

Objectives: To present a case of complex anterior maxillary defect caused by a gunshot injury and discuss the surgical approach using an autologous bone graft and a mini free flap for reconstruction.
Materials and Methods: A 15-year-old male presented with maxillofacial trauma, including mandibular and anterior maxillary fractures, following a gunshot injury. Initial management involved mandibular fixation, nasal base stabilization, and primary mucosal repair. Subsequent imaging revealed a 4x2 cm anterior maxillary defect and upper lip contracture. Reconstruction was performed using a 4x2 cm autologous iliac crest bone graft and a 5x4 cm mini free flap harvested from the lower extremity. Microvascular anastomosis was conducted with the facial artery and vein.
Results: Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and at the one-year follow-up, the patient exhibited significant improvements in aesthetic and functional outcomes. The bone graft demonstrated successful integration, and the free flap-maintained viability without complications.
Conclusion: Combining autologous bone grafts with free flaps provides effective functional and aesthetic restoration for gunshot-induced maxillofacial defects. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and highlights strategies for optimizing outcomes in complex maxillofacial reconstructions.

References

  • 1.Azi ML, Aprato A, Santi I, et al. Autologous bone graft in the treatment of post-traumatic bone defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17(1):465. [Crossref]
  • 2.Ruiz RL, Zins JE, Gosain AK. Cranial Bone Grafts: Craniomaxillofacial Applications and Harvesting Techniques. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2005;13(2):127-137. [Crossref]
  • 3.Gharb B, Rampazzo A, Kutz JE, Bright LR, Doumit G, Harter TB. Vascularization of the Facial Bones by the Facial Artery: Implications for Full Face Allotransplantation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;133(5):1153-1165. [Crossref]
  • 4.Hölzle F, Wolff KD, Mohr C. Reconstructive oral and maxillofacial surgery. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008;105(47):815-822. [Crossref]
  • 5.O’Connor RC, Shakib K, Brennan PA. Recent advances in the management of oral and maxillofacial trauma. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;54(1):3-7. [Crossref]
  • 6.McCarty JC, Herrera-Escobar JP, Gadkaree SK, El Moheb M, Kaafarani HMA, Velmahos G, et al. Long-Term Functional Outcomes of Trauma Patients With Facial Injuries. J Craniofac Surg. 2021;32(8):2584-2587. [Crossref]
  • 7.Lee ZH, Cripps C, Rodriguez ED. Current Concepts in Maxillary Reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;150(1):168e-175e. [Crossref]
  • 8.Steel BJ, Cope MR. A Brief History of Vascularized Free Flaps in the Oral and Maxillofacial Region. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;73(4):786.e1-786.e11. [Crossref]

Ateşli Silah Yaralanmasına Bağlı Anterior Maksiller Defektin Rekonstrüksiyonu: Olgu Sunumu

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 359 - 362, 30.09.2025

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, ateşli silah yaralanmasına bağlı gelişen kompleks anterior maksiller defekt olgusu sunulmakta ve rekonstrüksiyon amacıyla otolog kemik grefti ile mini serbest flep kullanımına yönelik cerrahi yaklaşım tartışılmaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: On beş yaşında erkek hasta, ateşli silah yaralanması sonrası mandibula ve anterior maksilla kırıklarını içeren maksillofasiyal travma ile başvurdu. İlk tedavi sürecinde mandibula fiksasyonu, nazal taban stabilizasyonu ve primer mukozal onarım uygulandı. Takip görüntülemelerinde 4x2 cm anterior maksiller defekt ve üst dudakta kontraktür saptandı. Rekonstrüksiyon amacıyla 4x2 cm otolog iliak krest kemik grefti ve alt ekstremiteden hazırlanan 5x4 cm mini serbest flep kullanıldı. Mikrocerrahi anastomoz fasiyal arter ve vene yapıldı.

Bulgular: Ameliyat sonrası iyileşme sorunsuz seyretti ve bir yıllık takipte hastada estetik ve fonksiyonel sonuçlarda belirgin iyileşme gözlendi. Kemik grefti başarılı bir şekilde entegre oldu ve serbest flep komplikasyonsuz şekilde canlılığını korudu.

Sonuç: Otolog kemik greftleri ile serbest fleplerin kombinasyonu, ateşli silah yaralanmasına bağlı maksillofasiyal defektlerin fonksiyonel ve estetik açıdan etkin bir şekilde onarımını sağlamaktadır. Bu olgu, multidisipliner yaklaşımın önemini vurgulamakta ve kompleks maksillofasiyal rekonstrüksiyonlarda optimal sonuçlar için uygulanabilecek stratejileri öne çıkarmaktadır.

References

  • 1.Azi ML, Aprato A, Santi I, et al. Autologous bone graft in the treatment of post-traumatic bone defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17(1):465. [Crossref]
  • 2.Ruiz RL, Zins JE, Gosain AK. Cranial Bone Grafts: Craniomaxillofacial Applications and Harvesting Techniques. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2005;13(2):127-137. [Crossref]
  • 3.Gharb B, Rampazzo A, Kutz JE, Bright LR, Doumit G, Harter TB. Vascularization of the Facial Bones by the Facial Artery: Implications for Full Face Allotransplantation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;133(5):1153-1165. [Crossref]
  • 4.Hölzle F, Wolff KD, Mohr C. Reconstructive oral and maxillofacial surgery. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008;105(47):815-822. [Crossref]
  • 5.O’Connor RC, Shakib K, Brennan PA. Recent advances in the management of oral and maxillofacial trauma. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;54(1):3-7. [Crossref]
  • 6.McCarty JC, Herrera-Escobar JP, Gadkaree SK, El Moheb M, Kaafarani HMA, Velmahos G, et al. Long-Term Functional Outcomes of Trauma Patients With Facial Injuries. J Craniofac Surg. 2021;32(8):2584-2587. [Crossref]
  • 7.Lee ZH, Cripps C, Rodriguez ED. Current Concepts in Maxillary Reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;150(1):168e-175e. [Crossref]
  • 8.Steel BJ, Cope MR. A Brief History of Vascularized Free Flaps in the Oral and Maxillofacial Region. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;73(4):786.e1-786.e11. [Crossref]
There are 8 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery
Journal Section Case Reports
Authors

İhtişam Zafer Cengiz 0000-0002-9372-5830

Ensari Yavuz 0000-0001-5785-6676

Rana Kapukaya 0000-0001-9709-328X

Önder Tan 0000-0002-5706-0069

Publication Date September 30, 2025
Submission Date August 26, 2025
Acceptance Date September 12, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Cengiz, İ. Z., Yavuz, E., Kapukaya, R., Tan, Ö. (2025). Reconstruction of Anterior Maxillary Defect Following Gunshot Injury: A Case Report. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 8(3), 359-362.

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