Exploring the effects of Pb substitution on the structure, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of La1.96Pb0.04NiMnO6

Year 2024, Volume: 02, 8 - 16, 31.07.2024

Arda Kandemir , Ali Osman Ayaş , Ahmet Ekicibil

Abstract

Providing energy demands while caring for the environment and dealing with a decrease in natural energy resources are major challenges of our time. The greenhouse gas emissions worsen the situation in terms of health risks and put pres-sure on scientists to urgently seek solutions. As green technologies offer hopeful solutions to these demanding problems, they are getting attention. Refrigeration's noteworthy energy consumption makes it a prime target for efficiency devel-opments compared to other technologies. To address concerns about energy consumption, researchers are exploring improvements in conventional cooling technologies. Magnetic cooling systems impress with their energy efficiency, affordability, and green technology, making them strong candidates for replacing current cooling systems. Research on MC emphasizes the importance of selecting coolants with high magnetic entropy. These materials experience a larger temperature variation under a low external magnetic field, making them more efficient. Magnetic refrigeration holds great potential, but research efforts continue to optimize the materials for even better performance, as shown by the literature. Growing on current research, this study analyses the characteristic features of La1.96Pb0.04NiMnO6 double perovskite material. The sol-gel technique was used to synthesize the compound, followed by X-ray Diffraction analy-sis at room temperature to determine its crystal structure. Additionally, we used Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy to investigate the compound's morphology and elemental composition. Tem-perature-dependent magnetization and magnetic field-dependent magnetization analyses were taken to investigate the magnetic behavior of the compound. Temperature-dependent magnetization analysis revealed that a magnetic phase transition from the ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic state around 121.43 K and under a 5 T magnetic field change, the magnetic entropy change was calculated to be 0.28 Jkg-1K-1. The results of this study, particularly the phase transi-tion temperature and magnetic entropy change values, offer valuable insights into the potential of our sample as a candidate for magnetic refrigeration. Further optimization of these parameters could solidify its candidacy.

Keywords

: Magnetic cooling systems, Refrigerants, Magnetocaloric effect, Double perovskite, A-site substitution

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