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‘Samsun Güzeli’ Armut Genotipinin BA29 Anacı Üzerindeki Fenolojik, Morfolojik ve Pomolojik Özellikleri

Year 2024, , 830 - 843, 20.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1215313

Abstract

Çok sayıda yerel armut çeşidine sahip olan Türkiye’de bu armut çeşitlerinin bazıları düşük kaliteleri ve istenmeyen vejetatif ve generatif özellikleri nedeniyle çok fazla üretim ve yayılma potansiyeline sahip değillerdir. Ancak meyve kalitesi ve verim özellikleri bakımından üstün olanlar gerek yerel pazarlarda gerekse ülkesel pazarlarda kendilerine yer bulabilmişlerdir. Bu bakımdan önemli bir yerel çeşit olan ‘Samsun Güzeli’ genotipi birçok özelliği ile ideal bir yerel genotip olmakla birlikte yetiştiriciliği tüm Türkiye ve diğer ülkelerde yayılma potansiyeli yüksektir. Özellikle çekici rengi, düzgün meyve şekli ve güzlük bir çeşit olması dolayısıyla yerel ve uluslararası pazarlarda yüksek taleplere kolayca ulaşabilir. Sahip olduğu tüm bu değerli özelliklere rağmen bu genotip Türkiye’de hala iyi bilinmemektedir. Yetiştiriciliğinin yaygınlaştırılması ve bu konuda araştırmalar yapılmasına büyük ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 2021-2022 yıllarında BA29 anacı üzerine aşılı ‘Samsun Güzeli’ genotipinin fenolojik, morfolojik ve pomolojik özelliklerinin ortaya konulması asıl olarak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları ‘Samsun Güzeli’ armudunun fenolojik döngüsünü Samsun iklim koşullarında 2021 yılında 255 gün, 2022 yılında 228 günde tamamladığını göstermiştir. Genotipin meyve tutum oranının %12.05 ve ortalama veriminin 17306.23 kg ha-1 olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmada genotipin morfolojik özelliklerinden ortalama anaç çapının 76.71 mm, gövde çapının 61.97 mm, gövde kesit alanının 34.06 cm2, ağaç boyunun 253.12 cm, taç hacminin 0.96 m3, yıllık sürgün uzunluğunun 37.19 cm ve yaprak alanının 11.74 cm2 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pomolojik ve kimyasal özelliklerinden ortalama meyve ağırlığının 114.60 g, meyve hacminin 109.90 ml, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarının (SÇKM) %13.16, asitliğin %0.33 ve pH’nın 4.37 olduğu bulunmuştur. Duyusal olarak yapılan değerlendirmelerde en düşük puan her iki yılda da görsel kaliteden elde edilirken en yüksek duyusal puan sululuktan (6.32) 2022 yılında elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ‘Samsun Güzeli’ genotipinin meyve verim ve kalite bakımından standart bodur anacı üzerinde yeterli performans gösterdiği, genotipin yaygınlaştırılması için yeni çalışmaların yapılmasının uygun olacağı söylenebilir.

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Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock

Year 2024, , 830 - 843, 20.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1215313

Abstract

Türkiye has many local pear cultivars; some of them do not have much production and propagation potential due to their low quality and undesirable vegetative and generative characteristics. However, those that are superior in terms of fruit quality and yield characteristics have found a place for themselves in both local and national markets. In this respect, the ‘Samsun Güzeli’ genotype, which is an important local cultivar, is an ideal cultivar with many features and has a high potential to spread its cultivation all over Türkiye and other countries. ‘Samsun Güzeli’ is an autumn genotype, can easily meet the high demand in local and international markets due to its attractive color, smooth fruit shape and high quality. Despite all these valuable features, this cultivar is still not well known in Türkiye. There is a great need to disseminate cultivation and research on this subject. This study mainly aimed to reveal the phenological, morphological and pomological characteristics of the ‘Samsun Güzeli’ local pear genotype grafted on BA29, a commercially traded rootstock in 2021-2022. The results showed that the ‘Samsun Güzeli’ pear genotype completed its phenological cycle in 255 days in 2021 and 228 days in 2022 in Samsun climatic conditions. Fruit set rate of the genotype was 12.05% and the average yield was 17306.23 kg ha-1. It was also determined that the morphological characteristics averages were as the following; rootstock diameter 76.71 mm, trunk diameter 61.97 mm, trunk cross-sectional area 34.06 cm2, tree height 253.12 cm, canopy volume 0.96 m3, annual shoot length 37.19 cm and leaf area 11.74 cm2. Averages values of pomological and chemical properties recorded as the following; fruit weight 114.60 g, fruit volume 109.90 ml, soluble solid content (SSC) 13.16%, acidity 0.33%, and pH 4.37. In the sensory evaluations, the highest scores were obtained by juiciness (6.32) in the year 2022 while scores of overall visual quality were lowest in both years. In conclusion, it can be said that the ‘Samsun Güzeli’ genotype performs adequately in terms of fruit yield and quality on the standard dwarf rootstock and conducting new studies might be beneficial to disseminate the genotype.

References

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  • Anonymous (2022). Turkish State Meteorological Service. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/tahmin/il-ve-ilceler.aspx?m=SAMSUN#/ (Accessed Date: 25.05.2022).
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  • Askari-Khorosgani, Jafarpour, M., Hadad, M, M. and Pessarakli, M. (2019). Fruit yield and quality characteristics of ‘Shahmiveh’ pear cultivar grafted on six rootstocks. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(4): 323-332.
  • Bhat, R., Sharma, M. K., Simnani, S. A. and Singh, A. (2021). Effect of growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of pear cv. Carmen under high density planting. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 10(03): 2146-2153.
  • Brewer, L. R. and Palmer, J. W. (2011). Global Pear Breeding Programmes: Goals, Trends and Progress for New Cultivars and New Rootstocks. Acta Horticulturae, 909:105-119.
  • Cabrera, D., Rodríguez, P. and Zoppolo, R. (2015). Evaluation of quince and selected ‘Farold®’ pear rootstocks for commercial ‘Williams B.C.’ production in Uruguay. Acta Horticulturae, 1094: 159-162.
  • Castro, H. R. and Rodriguez, R. O. (2002). The behavior of quince selections as pear rootstocks for ‘Abbé Fétel’ and ‘Conference’ pear cultivars in the Rio Negro Valley, Argentina. Acta Horticulturae, 596: 363-368.
  • Cetinbas, M., Butar, S., Sesli, Y. ve Yaman, B. (2018). Armut fidanı üretiminde farklı çeşit/anaç kombinasyonlarının bazı fidan özelliklerine etkisi üzerine araştırmalar. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 35 (Ek Sayı): 8-12. (In Turkish)
  • Coban, N. and Ozturk, A. (2020). Effect of rootstock and cultivars on some branch and leaf characteristics in pear. Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences, 2(1): 15-22.
  • du Plooy, P. and van Huyssteen, P. (2000). Effect of BP1, BP3 and Quince A rootstocks, at three planting densities, on precocity and fruit quality of ‘Forelle’ pear (Pyrus communis L.). South African Journal of Plant and Soil, 17(2): 57-59.
  • Engin, K. (2011). OHF x 333 ve Quince A anaçları üzerine aşılı Santa Maria ve Deveci Armut çeşitlerinde farklı terbiye sistemlerinin vejetatif ve generatif gelişim üzerine etkisi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi) Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü,Tokat. (In Turkish)
  • Erdem, H. ve Ozturk, B. (2012). Yapraktan uygulanan çinko'nun BA29 anacı üzerine aşılı armut çeşitlerinin verimi, mineral element içeriği ve biyokimyasal özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1): 93-106. (In Turkish)
  • Ertürk, Y., Güleryüz, M. ve Erdoğan, U. G. (2009). Quince A üzerine aşılı bazı armut çeşitlerinin İspir (Yukarı Çoruh Havzası) koşullarındaki verim ve gelişme durumlarının belirlenmesi. Bahçe, 38(1): 11-17. (In Turkish)
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There are 60 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pomology and Treatment
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ahmet Öztürk 0000-0002-8800-1248

Zaki Ahmad Faızı 0000-0002-1429-6493

Early Pub Date September 12, 2024
Publication Date September 20, 2024
Submission Date December 6, 2022
Acceptance Date July 11, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Öztürk, A., & Faızı, Z. A. (2024). Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(4), 830-843. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1215313
AMA Öztürk A, Faızı ZA. Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock. JOTAF. September 2024;21(4):830-843. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1215313
Chicago Öztürk, Ahmet, and Zaki Ahmad Faızı. “Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21, no. 4 (September 2024): 830-43. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1215313.
EndNote Öztürk A, Faızı ZA (September 1, 2024) Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21 4 830–843.
IEEE A. Öztürk and Z. A. Faızı, “Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock”, JOTAF, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 830–843, 2024, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.1215313.
ISNAD Öztürk, Ahmet - Faızı, Zaki Ahmad. “Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21/4 (September 2024), 830-843. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1215313.
JAMA Öztürk A, Faızı ZA. Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock. JOTAF. 2024;21:830–843.
MLA Öztürk, Ahmet and Zaki Ahmad Faızı. “Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 4, 2024, pp. 830-43, doi:10.33462/jotaf.1215313.
Vancouver Öztürk A, Faızı ZA. Phenological, Morphological and Pomological Characteristics of ‘Samsun Güzeli’ Pear Genotype on BA29 Rootstock. JOTAF. 2024;21(4):830-43.