Utilizing Phenotypic Selection to Enhance Yield and Develop T. urticae Resistance in Interspecific Hybrid Tomatoes Derived from S. habrochaites

Abstract

Tomatoes play a significant role in global agriculture, but they face challenges from pests and diseases, including the T. urticae. Researchers have been investigating various approaches to undertake this problem and improve tomato yield. One such strategy being explored is interspecific hybridization, which involves breeding two distinct species belonging to the same genus. This study investigated the genetic basis of resistance to spider mites in 13 13 BC3F7 generation lines (IS) and two F1 hybrid tomato cultivars (T1: Maglia Rosa and T2: Roma 1). The results showed that the IS lines had significantly higher fruit counts plant-1 than the T lines, with the ISD90-89 displaying the highest fruit count. However, the total fruit weight plant-1 was greater in the T lines than in the IS hybrids, with the IS having relatively smaller fruit weight. In terms of 7-epizingiberene content, no significant differences were observed within the lines of a particular IS family. However, a significant difference in 7-epizingiberene content was obtained between the two IS families, with the IS-F22 family demonstrating higher levels compared to the IS-D90 family. Notably, no 7-epizingiberene content was detected in the T and cultivated cultivars. Regarding repellency, the T1 and T2 tomato varieties were found to be susceptible to spider mites, while the genotypes in the D-90 and F-22 families exhibited varying levels of repellency. Additionally, the analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between average plant yield and 7-epizingiberene content in the ISs (r=-0.731). As the content of 7-epizingiberene increased, the yield tended to decrease, suggesting a potential yield penalty associated with its production. On the other hand, there was a positive correlation of 0.743 between fruit weight plant-1 and total weight plant-1, indicating that higher fruit weights were linked to increased total plant weights. Additionally, a positive correlation of 0.431 was obtained between fruit number plant-1 and 7-epizingiberene concentration. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of resistance, yield, and 7-epizingiberene production in ISs. This knowledge will contribute to the advancement of breeding programs and the development of sustainable pest management strategies in tomato cultivation.

Keywords

• Tomato
• Interspecific hybrid
• 7-epizingiberene
• T. urticae
• Yield
• Repellency

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