Effects of Drought Stress on Kars Kavılca Wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schrank) Populations

Abstract

Wheat is a major cereal crop worldwide, however, its production is declining due to both the reduction of arable land and the damage caused by abiotic stress to the plant as a result of global climate change. High temperature and drought, which are abiotic stress factors that harm plants, negatively affect the yield and quality of wheat. For this reason, it has become very important to introduce local wheat populations, which are known to be more resistant to stress conditions, into production. In this study, drought stress was used using different concentrations (0, −0.3 MPa, −1.48 MPa, −2.95 MPa and −4.91 MPa) of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-6000), which prevents plant roots from taking up water with reverse osmotic pressure. has been created. The effects of this drought stress on seed germination and growth parameters in Kavılca Wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schrank) and cultivated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations grown locally in Kars were investigated. In the study, average germination time (AGT), germination rate coefficient (GRC), germination rate (GR), germination percentage (GP), seedling strength index (SSI), seedling length (SL), shoot length (SL), root length (RL). ), shoot fresh weight (SFW), root fresh weight (RFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), shoot relative water content (SRWC) and vigor index (VI) data were measured and evaluated. As the concentration of PEG-6000, in other words, as the severity of drought stress increased, GRC, GR, GP, SSI, SL, SL, RL, SFW, RFW, SDW, RDW, SRWC and VI decreased, whereas AGT increased. As a result, it was determined that drought stress had a negative effect on seed germination and growth of Kavılca and other wheat populations, while the most drought-resistant kavılca population was determined to be the population obtained from Çarçıoğlu village-Arpaçay, and the most sensitive population was the population obtained from Dikme village. According to the data obtained, we think that the Çarçıoğlu village-Arpaçay population has the potential to be used in wheat line development studies suitable for drought conditions.

Keywords

• Local wheat populations
• PEG
• abiotic stress
• Morphological damage
• Germination

Kars Kavılca Buğday (Triticum dicoccum Schrank) Popülasyonları Üzerine Kuraklık Stresinin Etkileri

Abstract

Buğday, dünya çapında önemli bir tahıl ürünüdür ancak küresel iklim değişikliği nedeniyle hem ekilebilir alanların azalması hem de abiyotik stresin bitkiye verdiği hasar nedeniyle üretimi azalmaktadır. Bitkilere zarar veren abiyotik stres etmenlerinden yüksek sıcaklık ve kuraklık, buğdayın verimini ve kalitesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle stres şartlarına daha dayanıklı olduğu bilinen yerel buğday popülasyonlarının üretime kazandırılması oldukça önemli duruma gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada ters osmotik basınç ile bitki köklerinin su almasını engelleyen Polietilen Glikolün (PEG-6000) farklı konsantrasyonları (0, −0.3 MPa, −1.48 MPa, −2.95 MPa ve −4.91 MPa) kullanılarak kuraklık stresi oluşturulmuş ve kuraklık stresinin Kars’ta yerel olarak yetiştirilen Kavılca Buğdayı (Triticum dicoccum Schrank) ve beraberinde kültür buğdayı (Triticum aestivum L.) popülasyonlarında tohum çimlenme ve büyüme parametreleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ortalama çimlenme süresi (OÇS), çimlenme hızı katsayısı (ÇHK), çimlenme hızı (ÇH), çimlenme yüzdesi (ÇY), fide gücü indeksi (FGİ), fide uzunluğu (FU), sürgün uzunluğu (SU), kök uzunluğu (KU), sürgün taze ağırlığı (STA), kök taze ağırlığı (KTA), sürgün kuru ağırlığı (SKA), kök kuru ağırlığı (KKA), sürgün nispi su içeriği (SNSİ) ve vigor indeksi (Vİ) verileri ölçülmüş ve değerlendirilmiştir. PEG-6000 konsantrasyonu, diğer bir ifadeyle kuraklık stresinin şiddeti arttıkça ÇHK, ÇH, ÇY, FGİ, FU, SU, KU, STA, KTA, SKA, KKA, SNSİ ve Vİ azalmış buna karşın OÇS artmıştır. Sonuç olarak kuraklık stresinin Kavılca ve diğer buğday popülasyonlarının tohum çimlenme ve büyümesi üzerinde olumsuz etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilirken, kuraklığa en dayanıklı kavlıca popülasyonunun Çarçıoğlu köyü-Arpaçay, en hassas popülasyonun ise Dikme köyünden elde edilen popülasyon olduğu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre Çarçıoğlu köyü-Arpaçay popülasyonunun kuraklık şartlarına uygun buğday hattı geliştirme çalışmalarında kullanılabilme potansiyelinin olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.

Keywords

• Yerel buğday popülasyonları
• PEG
• Abiyotik stres
• Morfolojik hasar
• Çimlenme

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