The Effect of Biochar Material Doses on Elimination of Salt Stress on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seedlings

Abstract

Salinity is one of the important problems that reduce plant growth and agricultural productivity in our country as well as worldwide. In general, plants are more sensitive to salinity at the seedling stage than at the germination stage. It has been reported that the use of biochar provided some benefits on plant growth and soil properties. This study was conducted in 2021 by using different ratios of NaCl salt and biochar material from the orange tree, In order to investigate the effect on the development of NC-7 peanut, it was carried out as a pot experiment in the field conditions at Bingöl University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops. The experiment was carried out in open air conditions with 3 replications according to the factorial experimental design in random plots. In the trial; NC-7 peanut seeds, different biochar dose (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 t ha-1) and different NaCl dose (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM and 150 mM) used. According to the results of the study; Using different doses of biochar and NaCl significantly affected the N, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe elements in the leaves. In the trial; N content between 2.24-3.33%, Ca content between 1.15-1.75%, Mg content between 0.42-0.56%, Cu content between 1.10-6.75 mg kg-1, Mn content between 36.65-50.93 mg kg-1, Zn content 14.69-31.70 mg kg-1, Fe content varied between 272.1-565.9 mg kg-1. According to the data obtained as a result of the research, it has been observed that biochar applications can partially prevent the negative effect of excess NaCl salt on the uptake of elements, and especially the uptake of N and Fe elements increases despite salt applications.According to the results of the study; Using different doses of biochar and NaCl significantly affected the N, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe elements in the leaves. In the trial; N content between 2.24-3.33%, Ca content between 1.15-1.75%, Mg content between 0.42-0.56%, Cu content between 1.10-6.75 mg kg-1, Mn content between 36.65-50.93 mg kg-1, Zn content 14.69-31.70 mg kg-1, Fe content varied between 272.1-565.9 mg kg-1. According to the data obtained as a result of the research, it has been observed that biochar applications can partially prevent the negative effect of excess NaCl salt on the uptake of elements, and especially the uptake of N and Fe elements increases despite salt applications.

Keywords

• Peanut
• Arachis hypogaea L.
• Biochar
• NaCl
• Plant nutrients

Yerfıstığı Fideleri Üzerindeki (Arachis hypogaea L.) Tuz Stresini Azaltmada Biyokömür Materyalinin Etkileri

Abstract

Tuzluluk, dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de bitki gelişimini ve tarımsal verimliliği azaltan önemli sorunlardan biridir. Bitkilerin fide aşamasında çimlenme aşamasına göre tuzluluğa daha fazla duyarlı olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bunun yanında, genel olarak biyokömür kullanımının bitki büyümesi ve toprak özellikleri üzerinde çeşitli faydaları olduğu da bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışma 2021 yılında farklı oranlarda NaCI tuzunun farklı dozları ve portakal ağacından üretilen biochar materyalinin farklı dozlarının kullanıldığında NC-7 yerfıstığı çeşidinin gelişimi üzerine olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneme, Bingöl Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri arazilerinde açık hava şartlarında saksı denemesi şeklinde yapılmıştır. Araştırmada deneme deseni olarak tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme deseni kullanılmış ve 4 tekerrürlü olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Denemede kullanılan C-7 yerfıstığı tohumları ile birlikte, farklı biochar dozlar (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 ve 10 t ha-1) ve farklı NaCI dozları (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM ve 150 mM) uygulanmıştır. Tuzluluk, dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de bitki gelişimini ve tarımsal verimliliği azaltan önemli sorunlardan biridir. Bitkilerin fide aşamasında çimlenme aşamasına göre tuzluluğa daha fazla duyarlı olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bunun yanında, genel olarak biochar kullanımının bitki büyümesi ve toprak özellikleri üzerinde çeşitli faydaları olduğu da bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışma 2021 yılında farklı oranlarda NaCI tuzunun farklı dozları ve portakal ağacından üretilen biochar materyalinin farklı dozlarının kullanıldığında NC-7 yerfıstığı çeşidinin gelişimi üzerine olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneme, Bingöl Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri arazilerinde açık hava şartlarında saksı denemesi şeklinde yapılmıştır. Araştırmada deneme deseni olarak tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme deseni kullanılmış ve 4 tekerrürlü olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Denemede kullanılan NC-7 yerfıstığı tohumları ile birlikte, farklı biochar dozlar (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 ve 10 t ha-1) ve farklı NaCI dozları (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM ve 150 mM) uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre; farklı dozlarda biochar ve NaCl’nin birlikte kullanılması, bitki yapraklarındaki N, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn ve Fe bitki besin elementlerini önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Denemede; bitki N içeriği %2.24-3.33arasında, bitki Ca içeriği %1.15-1.75 arasında, bitki Mg içeriği %0.42-0.56 arasında, bitki Cu içeriği 1.10-6.75 mg kg-1 arasında, bitki Mn içeriği 36.65-50.93 mg kg-1 arasında, bitki Zn içeriği 14.69-31.70 mg kg-1 arasında ve bitki Fe içeriği 272.1-565.9 mg kg-1 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre, fazla miktarda NaCI tuzunun elementlerin alımındaki olumsuz etkisini biochar uygulamalarının bir miktar engelleyebildiği özellikle N ve Fe elementlerinin alımının tuz uygulamalarına rağmen arttığı gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Yerfıstığı
• Arachis hypogaea L.
• Biochar
• NaCl
• Bitki besin maddeleri

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