Bu çalışmada Anadolu manda sütünden üç farklı yöntemle (tatlı krema, ekşi krema ve yoğurttan) manda tereyağı üretilmiştir. Uygulanan üretim yöntemleri karşılaştırılarak tereyağların bazı kimyasal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Hammadde olarak kullanılan manda sütünün yağ içeriğinin % 7, toplam kuru madde (yağ dahil) oranının %16.20 ve randımanının % 7-8.5 aralığında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bütün tereyağlarda ortalama %83.64 yağ içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Tereyağların pH değerlerinde önemli farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). En yüksek titrasyon asitliği (%0.43) ve en düşük serbest yağ asitliği (%0.80) yayık tereyağında (yoğurttan yapılmış) tespit edilmiştir. Sütün peroksit değeri 0.1 meq O2 kg-1, tereyağların 1.94-2.01 meq O2 kg-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Sütteki vitamin miktarları tereyağlara göre düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Tereyağların vitamin A, D, E, K1 ve K2 değerleri sırasıyla 20.60-22.40 µg g-1, 3.56-4.20 ng g-1, 24.40-33.20 ng g-1, 59.20-72.80 ng g-1 ve 64.20-123.00 ng g-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sütün kolesterol miktarı 69 µg g-1 olarak bulunurken tereyağların kolesterol miktarları 1490-2953 µg g-1 aralığında bulunmuştur. En yüksek kolesterol içeriği yayık tereyağında bulunmuştur. Tereyağların ve sütün yüzde yağ asit kompozisyonları arasında fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Ortalama % yağ asit değerleri; bütirik asit (C4:0) 3.799±0.060, kaproik asit (C6:0) 1.253±0.020, kaprilik asit (C8:0) 0.729±0.017, kaprik asit (C10:0) 1.359±0.035, laurik asit (C12:0) 1.746±0.022, miristik asit (C14:0) 8.983±0.064, miristoleik asit (C14:1) 1.870±0.141, pentadekanoik asit (C15:0) 1.965±0.032, cis-10-pentadekanoik asit (C15:1) 0.863±0.028, palmitik asit (C16:0) 36.066±0.498, palmiteloik asit (C16:1) 3.261±0.026, heptadekanoik asit (C17:0) 1.176±0.034, cis-10-heptadekanoik asit (C17:1) 0.466±0.007, stearik asit (C18:0) 9.300±0.075, oleik asit (C18:1) 24.194±0.429, linoleik asit (C18:2) 1.061±0.071, α-linolenik asit (C18:3) 0.342±0.024, araşidik asit (C18:0) 0.184±0.017, cis-11-eikosenoik asit (C20:4) 0.602±0.060, heneikosanik asit (C21:0) 0.130±0.001, behenik asit (C22:0) 0.252±0.013, erusik asit (C22:1) 0.163±0.020, trikosenoik asit (C23:1) 0.181±0.006, lignoserik asit (C24:0) 0.147±0.004 olarak saptanmıştır.
KSÜ BAP
2015/1-18YLS
Bu çalışma KSÜ Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından 2015/1-18YLS proje numarası ile desteklenmiştir.
In this study, buffalo butter was produced from Anatolian buffalo milk by three different methods (sweet cream, sour cream and yogurt). Some chemical properties of butters were investigated by comparing the applied production methods. It has been determined that the fat content of buffalo milk used as raw material is 7%, the total dry matter ratio is 16.20%, and its yields vary between 7-8.5%. All of the butters contained an average of 83.64% fat (p>0.05). No significant difference was found in the pH values of the butters (p>0.05). The highest titration acidity (0.43%) and the lowest free fatty acidity (0.80%) were determined in yayık butter (made from yogurt). Peroxide value of milk was 0.1 meq O2 kg-1, and 1.94-2.01 meq O2 kg-1 for the butter samples. The amounts of the vitamins in the milk were found to be lower than in the butters (p<0.05). The vitamin (A, D, E, K1 and K2) values of the butters were 20.60-22.40 μg g-1, 3.56-4.20 ng g-1, 24.40-33.20 ng g-1, 59.20-72.80 ng g-1 and 64.20-123.00 ng g-1, respectively. The amount of cholesterol in milk was found to be 69 μg g-1 while that of butter was found to be in the range of 1490-2953 μg g-1. The highest cholesterol content was found in yayık butter. There was no difference between fatty acid compositions of the butters and the milk (p>0.05). The percentages of average fatty acid values were evaluated as follows; butyric acid (C4:0) 3.799±0.060, caproic acid (C6:0) 1.253±0.020, caprylic acid (C8:0) 0.729±0.017, capric acid (C10:0) 1.359±0.035, lauric acid (C12:0) 1.746±0.022, miristic acid (C14:0) 8.983±0.064, miristoleic acid (C14:1) 1.870±0.141, pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) 1.965±0.032, cis-10-pentadecanoic acid (C15:1) 0.863±0.028, palmitic acid (C16:0) 36.066±0.498, palmiteloic acid (C16:1) 3.261±0.026, heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) 1.176±0.034, cis-10-heptadecanoic acid (C17:1) 0.466±0.007, stearic acid (C18:0) 9.300±0.075, oleic acid (C18:1) 24.194±0.429, linoleic acid (C18:2) 1.061±0.071, α-linolenic acid (C18:3) 0.342±0.024, arasidic acid (C18:0) 0.184±0.017, cis-11-eicosenoic acid (C20:4) 0.602±0.060, heneicosanic acid (C21:0) 0.130±0.001, behenic acid (C22:0) 0.252±0.013, erucic acid (C22:1) 0.163±0.020, tricosenoic acid (C23:1) 0.181±0.006, lignoceric acid (C24:0) 0.147±0.004.
2015/1-18YLS
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Project Number | 2015/1-18YLS |
Early Pub Date | January 26, 2022 |
Publication Date | January 26, 2022 |
Submission Date | August 27, 2021 |
Acceptance Date | November 5, 2021 |
Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 19 Issue: 1 |