BİR PARADİGMA OLARAK KESİŞİMSELLİK TEORİSİ VE HEMŞİRELİK

Abstract

Toplumsal cinsiyet, cinsiyet, cinsel kimlik, ırk, sınıf gibi kavramlar toplumda eşitsizliklere konu olan sınıflamalardır. Eşitsizliklerin doğası toplumdan topluma, zamandan zamana değişiklik göstermesine rağmen insanlık tarihi boyunca hep varolmuştur. Siyah kadınların yaşadıkları çoklu dezavantajı, ırk ve cinsiyeti, baskıcı bir deneyim olarak kavramsallaştıran kesişimsellik, siyah eleştirmen, düşünür ve aktivistler tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Kesişimsellik günümüzde yalnız siyah kadınları değil diğer marjinal grupların yaşadıkları eşitsizlikleri de ele almakta ve toplumdaki ırkçılık, cinsiyetçilik, doğurganlık ve homofobi gibi kavramların birbirinden bağımsız olmadığını söylemektedir. Kesişimsellik, sağlık eşitsizlikleri için nispeten yeni olmasının yanında, son 20 yıldır feminist ve sosyal bilim alanında sağlam bir yer edinmiştir. Kesişimşellik yaklaşımının yardımıyla, sağlık alanında ırk, sınıf, cinsiyet ve cinsellik başlığı altında ortaya çıkan eşitsizlik ve güç yapılarının çok sayıdaki karmaşık boyutu açıklanabilmektedir. Kesişimsellik paradigması, hemşireleri uygulamalarında özellikle farklı güçsüzlük veya ötekileştirme biçimleriyle karşılaşabilecek kadınlara bakım sağladıkları zamanlarda, yetkinlikleri üzerine düşünmeye davet etmektedir. Hemşirelik andında, uygulamanın etik boyutunun bir parçası olarak hemşirelerin, cinsiyet, ırk, kültür veya cinsellikten bağımsız olarak herkese eşit davranacağının sözü verilmektedir. Kesişimsellik kuramı, hemşirelerin uygulama, yönetim ve araştırmada bu sözü tutabilmesi için uygun bir kavramsal çatı sunmaktadır. Kesişimselliğin hemşirelik bakımında kullanılması, bakımı alan bireylerin sosyal konumlarının altında yatan ve yaşamlarını nasıl etkilediğinin farkında olunmayan yapıların hemşirelik müdahaleleri ile ortaya çıkarılması mümkün olacaktır.

Keywords

• Bakım
• hemşirelik
• paradigma
• Kesişimsellik kuramı

The theory of intersection and nursing as a paradigm

Abstract

Concepts such as gender, gender, sexual identity, race, and class are classifications that are subject to inequalities in society. Although the nature of inequalities varies from society to society and from time to time, it has always existed throughout human history. Conceptualizing the multiple disadvantages of black women, race and gender, as an oppressive experience, the intersectionality was developed by black critic, thinker, and activists. Intersectionality deals with not only black women but also the inequalities experienced by other marginalized groups today and says that concepts such as racism, sexism, fertility and homophobia in society are not independent from each other. Intersectionality, while relatively new to health inequalities, has established itself firmly in the field of feminist and social science over the past two decades. With the help of the intersectionality approach, the many complex dimensions of inequality and power structures that arise under the heading of race, class, gender and sexuality in health can be explained. The intersectionality paradigm invites nurses to reflect on their competencies in their practice, especially to women who may face different forms of weakness or marginalization. In the nursing oath, it is promised that nurses will treat everyone equally, regardless of gender, race, culture or sexuality, as part of the ethical dimension of the practice. Intersectional theory provides an appropriate conceptual framework for nurses to keep this promise in practice, management, and research. Using intersectionality in nursing care, it will be possible to reveal the structures that underlie the social positions of the individuals who receive care and who are unaware of how they affect their lives with nursing interventions.

Keywords

• Care
• nursing
• paradigm
• Intersectionality theory

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