Tepecik-Çiftlik Topluluğunun Neolitik Dönem Tabakaları Arasında Beslenme Değişimleri

Abstract

Organizma için önemli bir mineral kaynağı olan kemiğin yapısında yer alan elementlerin derişimi beslenmeden etkilenebildiğinden, kemik diyet gibi geçmiş insan yaşam biçimlerini izlemek için yararlı bir biyolojik arşiv görevi görür. Orta Anadolu Bölgesinde yer alan Tepecik-Çiftliğin C14 tarihlemesine göre yaklaşık 6800-6100 yılları arasına tarihlenen üç farklı Neolitik Tabakasından (Seviye 5, 4 ve 3) elde edilen kemiklerin element (Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Sr, Zn, Cu ve Pb) içeriği X-ışını fluoresans (XRF) spektrometrisi yardımıyla incelenmiştir.  Kemiklerin element içeriği mangan ve kurşun başta olmak üzere gömü sonrası değişime işaret etmektedir. Elementlerin kalsiyum ile (element/kalsiyum oranı) bivaret analizi yetişkin ile yetişkin yaş altı, kadın ile erkek bireyler ve tabakalar arasında farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Çok değişkenli analizler (PCA ve DA) alt katmanlarda et tüketiminden ve zengin ekonomiden üst tabakada daha fazla bitki (örneğin tahıl) tüketimine ve fakir ekonomiye geçiş olduğunu göstermektedir. Çok değişkenli incelemelerden elde edilen sonuçlar, kazıları gerçekleştiren arkeologların ve antropologların bulguları ile uyumludur.

Keywords

• eser element,ağır metal,Neolitik topluluklar,peleodiyet,eski kemik,Orta Anadolu

Dietary Changes across the Neolithic Levels of the Tepecik-Çiftlik Population

Abstract

As an important mineral source for the entire organism, bone serves as a useful bioarchive for monitoring past human lifeways like diet, since the concentration of the elements in its structure is influenced by the individual diet. Bones from three different Neolithic Levels (Level 5, 4, and 3) dated to 6800 and 6100 cal. BC according to the C14 found in Tepecik–Çiftlik, Central Anatolia, were elementally (Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Sr, Zn, Cu, and Pb) investigated by the help of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. The element content of bones refers to post-mortem alteration (diagenesis), especially for manganese and lead. Bivariate treatment of the element with calcium (element/calcium ratio) seems to demonstrate some differences between adult and subadult, male and female, and among levels. Multivariate analysis (PCA and DA) suggest a shift from meat consumption and rich economy in the lower levels to more vegetable (cereal) consumption and poor economy in the upper level. The results obtained from multivariate treatments are in agreement with the findings of archaeologists and anthropologists who conducted the excavations. 

Keywords

• : trace elements,heavy metals,Neolithic populations,paleodiet,ancient bone

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