Aging and Exercise

Abstract

Aging is a complex process involving several pathological conditions such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, sarcopenia and liver failure, along with structural and functional impairment at the biomolecular level. As aging process changes the functioning of the body systems (cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, immune system, endocrine system etc.), older people experience dysfunction and disability. It is necessary to remain active until advanced ages and to increase the functional capacity for independent living. For this reason, lifelong physical activity is important in maintaining an independent life. Physical activity is extremely useful not only in healthy elderly people but also in elderly people with chronic diseases. This review will attempt to clarify what kind of exercises the elderly should perform and the effects of the exercise on the aging process in the light of various studies. 

Keywords

• Exercise,healthy,aging

Yaşlanma ve Egzersiz

Abstract

Yaşlanma, biyomoleküler düzeyde yapısal ve fonksiyonel bozulmayla birlikte kanser, nörodejeneratif bozukluklar, sarkopeni ve karaciğer yetmezliği gibi birçok patolojik durumu içeren karmaşık bir süreçtir. Yaşlanma süreci vücut sistemlerinin işleyişini değiştirdiğinden (kardiyorespiratuar, kas iskelet sistemi, sinir sistemi, bağışıklık sistemi, endokrin sistem v.b.) yaşlı insanlarda fonksiyon bozuklukları ve yetersizlikler görülür. Yaşlanma sürecinde görülen kalp yetersizliği, diyabet, osteoporoz gibi hastalıklar daha çok hareketsizliğin sonucudur. İleri yaşlara kadar aktif kalmak ve bağımsız yaşam için fonksiyonel kapasiteyi arttırmak gerekir. Bu nedenle bağımsız bir yaşamın sürdürülmesinde yaşam boyu fiziksel aktivite önemlidir. Fiziksel aktivite sadece sağlıklı yaşlılarda değil kronik hastalığı olan yaşlılarda da son derece yararlıdır. Bu derleme, yaşlıların hangi tip egzersizleri yapması gerektiğini ve egzersizin yaşlanma süreci üzerine etkilerini çeşitli çalışmalar ışığında açıklamaya çalışacaktır.

Keywords

• egzersiz,sağlık,yaşlanma

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