General Writing Guidelines

The manuscript must be prepared in MS Word format (.docx) on A4 paper (21 x 29.7 cm). The text should be formatted in Times New Roman, justified alignment, with 2.5 cm margins on all sides.

Manuscript Structure

The manuscript should include the following sections in order: Title Page, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, References, and Appendices (if applicable).

Word Limit

The manuscript must not exceed 8000 words. The abstract and references are not included in this limit.

Title Page

The title page must include the author(s)' full name(s), institutional affiliation, city, country, and email address. Authors' ORCID numbers must also be provided. 

Academic titles should not be used. The title in the primary language must be in 16-point font, and the title in the secondary language must be in 12-point font. 

Titles should be bold, left-aligned, and written in title case.

Abstract and Keywords

The abstract should be between 150–200 words and must include the purpose, scope, methodology, and key findings of the study. No citations should be included in the abstract.

The abstract must be written in Times New Roman, 9-point font, single-spaced, and justified.

Keywords should consist of 3 to 5 words. Each keyword should begin with a capital letter and be separated by commas.

Headings

Main headings in the manuscript must be: INTRODUCTION, METHOD, RESULTS, DISCUSSION, and REFERENCES. 

These headings should be written in uppercase letters, bold, 11-point font, and left-aligned.

Subheadings may be used where appropriate. A single line space should be left between main sections, but no extra spacing should be added between paragraphs.

Introduction

This section should clearly present the theoretical framework and relevant literature.

The problem statement, rationale, and significance of the study must be clearly expressed. Current and relevant sources should be cited.

Method

This section should describe the research methodology in detail within the framework of scientific research methods (11-point font, 6 pt spacing after, single line spacing).

If subheadings are used, they must follow the formatting specified in the manuscript template.

Do not use numbering such as 1., 2., 3., or a., b., c. in headings. Subheadings should comply with APA 7 standards.

Results

Research findings should be presented clearly, systematically, and understandably. Tables, figures, and graphs must be prepared according to APA 7 format. Text within tables and figures should be between 9–11 point font.

Each table and figure must be supported by a concise explanatory text that contributes to the interpretation of the findings.

Discussion

In this section, findings should be interpreted in relation to the research problem and hypotheses. Similarities, differences, and contributions to the literature should be discussed.

The discussion section should be divided into subsections: Conclusion and Recommendations.

The conclusion should be written independently of the discussion and results sections, summarizing key outcomes and implications for the target audience.

The recommendations section should include suggestions for future research.

References

All references must be formatted according to APA 7 standards.

Additional Sections (to be included at the end of the manuscript)

Author Contributions

Each author's contributions must be clearly stated. Example format:

Study Design: AB, CD; Supervision: AB, CD, EF; Data Collection: XY, UY; Data Analysis: AB and XY; Literature Review: CD, HG; Manuscript Writing: AB, CD, HG; Critical Review: XY.

Conflict of Interest

All authors must declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Ethics Statement

The name of the ethics committee and the approval number must be stated. For studies not requiring ethics approval, authors must explicitly state this.

Additionally, the ethics committee approval, including the committee name and decision number, has been stated. During the preparation of this study, AI-assisted tools were used solely for language editing and improving expression. These tools were not involved in the scientific processes (design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation). All responsibility lies with the authors.

Use of Artificial Intelligence

During the preparation of this study, AI-assisted tools were used only for language editing, improving expression, and enhancing fluency. These tools were not used in the design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation of the research. All scientific responsibility belongs to the authors.

Acknowledgements (Optional)

The acknowledgements section should appear at the end of the manuscript, after the Conflict of Interest section and before Notes (if any) and References.

This section is used to thank institutions, organizations, or individuals who contributed scientifically to the research process.